Glyphs deciphered on frieze at Oaxaca archaeological site

Researchers with the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH) have announced their interpretation of a large stucco and limestone frieze discovered three years ago at the Atzompa archaeological site, located near the Monte Albán complex just outside Oaxaca city.

INAH said in a statement that the political, economic and social power that the Atzompa residential area had within the Zapotec capital of Monte Albán between A.D. 600 and 900 and the important relations its inhabitants established with the Mixteca region are some of the details revealed through the iconographic interpretation.

The frieze – which contains a series of Zapotec and Mixtec glyphs depicting the Mixtec year of the lizard, numerals, personages and a quetzal, among other things – has a well conserved section measuring 15 meters. The glyphs carved onto it constitute the longest Zapotec text of its kind known to exist in the Oaxaca Valley, according to Nelly Robles García, who heads up an archaeological project at Atzompa.

“Glyphs in general are allusions to power in the city, supernatural protection and a timeless time,” she said.

“Due to the location we know that it’s a message or discourse of power, associated with the use/function of the space of this residence, a message that could be seen when walking … between the main ball court and Ceremonial Plaza A,” Robles said.

The Atzompa site, near Monte Albán in Oaxaca.
The Atzompa site, near Monte Albán in Oaxaca.

She said the care and additional restoration of the frieze are conservation priorities for INAH. It was partially destroyed by the Zapotec inhabitants when they vacated Atzompa at the end of the ninth century, INAH said.

The researcher also noted that there are fragments of a series of carvings on the facade of the Casa del Sur, on which the frieze is located, that are associated with it. They include figurines of monkeys and jaguars and the representation of a quincunx, which INAH described as “a symbol that alludes to the four directions and the center of the universe.”

The carvings are “manifestations of the cosmic world to which the construction of a house like that obeyed,” INAH said.

The Atzompa archaeological zone is situated on a hill north of the UNESCO-protected Monte Albán site. It is open to visitors only on Saturdays and Sundays between 9:00 p.m. and 3:00 p.m., according to INAH.

Mexico News Daily 

Have something to say? Paid Subscribers get all access to make & read comments.
fans blow horns and wave mexican flags below the Angel of Independence monument in Mexico City after Mexico's World Cup win against south africa

Mexico’s week in review: World Cup opener brings victory for Mexico amid protests and trade tensions

0
Mexico kicked off its third World Cup with a home-turf win, as leaders sought to contain a tense standoff with striking teachers and fresh uncertainty over the USMCA's future.
A natural gas pipeline (fracking concept)

The time is now for Mexico to go all in on fracking: A perspective from our CEO

20
Mexico sits on a geologic formation similar to the Permian Basin — yet produces 100 times less. MND's CEO makes the case for fracking as a historic economic opportunity.
For Mexico's searching mothers, the inaugural match of the 2026 FIFA World Cup was an important opportunity to keep the country's crisis of disappearances front and center.

‘All eyes are on the World Cup’: How Mexico’s searching mothers are seizing the tournament to fight for the disappeared

1
Protesters packed southern Mexico City on the first day of the 2026 FIFA World Cup, drowning out the celebrations with a reminder that behind the spectacle, tens of thousands of families are still searching for their missing loved ones.
BETA Version - Powered by Perplexity