Saturday, May 17, 2025

Despite visible reminders of poverty, Mexico’s affluence trends upward

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Average Mexicans' easy access to a wide variety of high-quality foods is one of the everyday signs of its slowly but steadily growing affluence.
Average Mexicans' easy access to a wide variety of high-quality foods is one of the everyday signs of its slowly but steadily growing affluence.

Prior to actually living in Mexico, I thought it to be a third-world country, with all the attendant problems faced by a nation with that bottom-of-the-heap moniker: government systems crippled by chronic corruption and a lethargic economy. Dirt roads and dusty towns, with most vehicles looking like they were ready for the crusher, people spending long hours of toil with little to show for the effort.

Having traveled around western Mexico and Baja for decades, I look back at the lack of prosperity that seemed to overshadow the culture 50 years ago. The country was so mismanaged, the value of the currency was predisposed to plummet at any given moment, all but wiping savings out. Even those who grew their own food and raised some livestock were impacted by the rampant incompetence which ensured the economic failures.

Around the margins of most modern-day Mexican cities and small towns, the tar paper shacks and shanties are a stark reminder of the poverty which still seems so brutally persistent. However, the statistics over the past 20 years show a Mexico that is coming of age within the contemporary world’s economies, with the poverty rate overall steadily declining since the late 1990s.

There are also large billboards in Guadalajara and Mexico City that implore the public not to bribe tránsitos, along with a free number to report corruption. The steps are small and progress is slow, but it’s a positive effort to transform the shady side of Mexico.

After relocating from Idaho to Mazatlán, my first few years were spent getting to know the town, the culture and, of course, the people. One thing instantly apparent was that most automobiles were of a late model and in good condition. Another indicator of growing prosperity was the ongoing construction of both commercial and residential buildings, which was happening throughout the municipality.

Further revelations included the numerous clean and well-stocked supermarkets that would be an anomaly in a supposed third-world country — places where the floors are always being cleaned and the food handlers wear sanitary masks (pre-Covid) and gloves. These 30,000-square-foot temples to abundance would not be found in any of the truly third-world countries where food holds more value than the swiftly declining currency.

Even in the crowded centro mercado, the quantity and quality of both fresh and processed food is impressive.

Of course, the main reason decent automobiles and major appliances are now within reach of the average Mexican is that first-world invention called easy credit. Buying big-ticket items with credit is a relatively new concept in Mexico.

With prevailing interest rates from 20% to 45%, people are funding their prosperous lifestyle with yet-to-be-earned pesos. Hopefully, the moneylenders won’t corrupt this open and friendly culture with the continuing cycle of debt that has become a way of life in some first-world nations.

The entrepreneurial spirit flourishes in Mexico; small businesses and individual vendors are literally everywhere. If there were not an expanding economy, these enterprising people would not be so numerous. While the trinket vendors swarm the tourist beaches of both coasts, most vendors peddle their wares in neighborhoods throughout Mexico, focusing on the needs of residents.

Coming from a culture where the automobile is an essential shopping accessory, I have found servicio a domicilio to be quite refreshing. The list of goods and services that can be delivered to your door is indeed phenomenal, from agua to zanahorias (carrots).

Want to have a party?  The beer distributors will deliver all the beer you and your friends could possibly consume, as well as a sufficient quantity of tables and chairs to accommodate the bottles and bodies of the drunken mob.

Need ice for all that beer? No problem. For a very reasonable price, the ice company will drop off enough blocks to build a small igloo. Is your fiesta going to be on a hot day? Just have carpas (tents) delivered. How about some music? A fully loaded Rockola jukebox or an eight-piece band is just a phone call away. (For large parties in certain parts of Mexico, body bags and a professional cleanup crew can also be arranged.)

But for the rest of us, bottled water, fruits, vegetables, fresh seafood, homemade tortillas, ceviche, tamales, along with a host of both recognizable and obscure goods, are available for home delivery throughout modern Mexico. These inventive vendors are friendly and energetic folks who have created an economic niche by providing convenience at a reasonable price.

There are auto mechanics and tire repair people who, along with many doctors, will also make house calls. Try finding a doctor north of the border who would willingly come to your home — certainly not in this century.

The only professional service persons who do not come to you are the dentists, but I am sure someone is working on that.

In the countries north of the border, the driving forces to compete and succeed have imposed an economic servitude upon their citizens, which can negatively impact the overall attitude of the population. However, here in Mexico, it appears that even many of the poor people are content with their lives and country.

There is not the sense of despair and hopelessness that is rampant in most of the true third-world nations. Just because you live in a first-world country does not necessarily mean that your overall sense of well-being is greater than the average Mexican citizen.

Mexico is a struggling country with both economic and social problems to overcome, and Covid-19 has certainly left its mark, but the overall outlook is promising. The greatest resource this country has is its companionable and compassionate people. Even government corruption and poverty are taken in stride as this emerging nation jockeys for position within the world community.

So, if you still think Mexico is a third-world country, go spend a couple of weeks in Somalia.

The writer describes himself as a very middle-aged man who lives full-time in Mazatlán with a captured tourist woman and the ghost of a half-wild dog. He can be reached at [email protected].

‘The crime party:’ 7 states at higher risk of criminal elements interfering in elections

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Security Minister Rodríguez
Security Minister Rodríguez: criminal influence is most prevalent at the municipal level.

The federal government has identified seven states with an elevated risk of interference by organized crime in the electoral process leading up to municipal, state and federal elections on June 6.

“In the states of Morelos, Guerrero, Michoacán, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Sinaloa and Jalisco we see more risk that candidates will be co-opted by [organized] crime,” Security Minister Rosa Icela Rodríguez said at the president’s news conference on Thursday.

She also said that more than half of the incidents of political violence in the pre-campaign period have occurred in seven states: Oaxaca, Guanajuato, Veracruz, Guerrero, Morelos, Baja California and Jalisco.

Rodríguez said that organized crime and white-collar criminals “have a varied repertoire of actions to influence these elections,” explaining that they include “strategies of complicity or violent pressure.” She added that President López Obrador has described criminals seeking to influence the elections as “the crime party.”

“They establish campaigns of fear to intimidate the political class and people in general,” the security minister said.

 

The most recent victim of political violence was Ignacio Sánchez
The most recent victim of political violence was Ignacio Sánchez, who had sought to run for mayor of Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo. He was murdered in February.

“They murder, threaten, co-opt, install [candidates] and fund [political campaigns]. Among their strategies of violence are homicide, kidnappings, intimidation of families, the burning of homes and extortion,” Rodríguez said.

“They also co-opt by approaching pre-candidates, colluding with other political actors of the parties or local governments and before the electoral process [begins] they offer financing, donations or to provide protection and labor for their campaigns. In some regions, [organized] crime is trying to designate municipal candidates. They take control of [parties’] finances, extort and ask for bribes and tithes from governments and their suppliers.”

The minister said that criminal influence is most prevalent at the municipal rather than state and federal level. More than 21,000 elected positions will be up for grabs at the June elections, the vast majority of which are municipal roles including mayor.

Rodríguez said that protection will be provided to candidates who request it and that security will be bolstered in parts of the country where there is an elevated risk of political violence.

Her description of the influence criminal groups have or are trying to have on political life comes just four days after López Obrador urged citizens to report candidates using public money or resources from organized crime to fund their political campaigns.

Violence has long plagued politics in Mexico, and countless mayors have been murdered in recent years. Former Jalisco governor Aristóteles Sandoval was murdered in December while one of Mexico’s most notorious political assassinations was that of presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio in 1994.

According to the risk analysis firm Etellekt, there were 151 acts of political violence in the pre-campaign period between September 7, 2020 and February 16, including 46 murders. Ten of those slain were aspirants to elected positions.

Incidents of violence increased 4.1% in the recent pre-campaign period compared to the same period three years earlier during which there were 145 acts of political violence in the lead-up to the 2018 elections.

Etellekt director Rubén Salazar told the newspaper El Economista that there has been an atmosphere of uncertainty during the 2020-2021 pre-campaign period, explaining that there has been a lot of movement of people between political parties and that has created tension that is conducive to violence.

He said that candidates, including people already in elected positions, may be tempted to resort to violence (most likely by colluding with organized crime) to improve their political prospects if they believe they are destined to lose the election.

Salazar said that state-based prosecutor’s offices tasked with investigating political violence are politically biased and that situation fosters impunity, which only encourages violence.

“Work has [supposedly] been done for years so that the prosecutor’s offices become autonomous but it’s a ploy because governors choose the prosecutors – [prosecutor’s offices] are only autonomous on their letterhead. There are prosecutor’s offices that are focused on investigating acts of corruption due to alleged links between opposition politicians and drug trafficking … but [the investigations] are always about the opposition, … they don’t investigate within their own party,” he said.

The president’s ‘polarizing daily discourse’ has contributed to division and violence, says a political observer.

Arturo Espinosa, general director of the political consultancy Estrategia Electoral, told El Economista that the aggressive and divisive discourse of politicians at all three levels of government encourages political violence.

(López Obrador, who dubs virtually anyone who doesn’t agree with him as an adversary, a conservative or member of the old “mafia of power,” is notorious for making remarks that do far more to divide the country than unite it.)

Espinosa said that political speech should promote tolerance rather than division, asserting that such discourse would help to avoid acts of violence against political actors.

“I believe that the [federal] government with its polarizing daily discourse, which rarely shows tolerance toward the opposition and those who think differently, has increased this division and violence that we see a lot and which is unnecessary,” he said.

Source: Milenio (sp), Reforma (sp)  El Economista (sp) 

Cops suspended after violent arrest of couple not wearing face masks

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Pochutla police
Pochutla police were eager to enforce the law.

Four Oaxaca police officers in a municipality most recently known for coronavirus czar Hugo López Gatell’s vacationing there without a mask have been suspended after they were accused of violently enforcing the local mask law.

A two-minute video captured the four San Pedro Pochutla municipal police officers attempting to arrest a young couple in the downtown area, physically restraining them while they resisted.

Local officials said they had suspended the officers because they had not behaved “in an empathetic manner with citizens.”

“While the use of masks is obligatory, the agents in charge of enforcing this measure should act first by example and understand that in the Covid-19 epidemic, the battle is against the virus, not against ourselves,” officials said in a statement.

Pochutla is where Zipolite Beach is located, where Deputy Health Minister López Gatell was photographed without a mask in December.

Witnesses who saw the incident told the newspaper El Universal that they thought the police overreacted. One told the newspaper that the couple were warned about not wearing masks and were on their way to a pharmacy to buy them, but the officers came along and proceeded to detain them.

Another witness said the couple claimed to have just arrived in the city.

“There are communities in [the area] where there is no internet or radio and they’re not informed about the fine that the municipal government has imposed,” said one witness.

Due to concern about rising numbers of cases, the municipality went to maximum-risk red on the coronavirus stoplight system on February 15 until March 15, even though the state of Oaxaca is currently at high-risk orange, which is one level below.

According to state figures, San Pedro Pochutla had an accumulated Covid case tally of 209 as of Wednesday, with five currently active cases and 17 deaths in total.

Source: El Universal (sp)

In Cancún, international travelers can clear immigration in less than 2 minutes

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Cancún airport
Cancún airport, where immigration processing has been improved.

Mexico’s immigration department is assuring the public that visitors can enter the country through Cancún’s international airport in two minutes or less.

“The INM is working to maintain and offer rapid service, with quality and warmth,” the National Immigration Institute said Wednesday.

At its busiest hours on Tuesday, airport checkpoints processed nearly 9,000 visitors arriving on dozens of flights, the INM said.

The improved service follows a meeting between the INM and various government departments in response to concerns about long lineups. The institute agreed to provide 100 agents to process arrivals, up from just 13 before.

Mexico can be attractive for international visitors: a favorable exchange rate and few limits on travelers, who do not need to provide evidence of negative Covid-19 tests or commit to any isolation period upon arrival. Over the last Thanksgiving holiday, the number of Mexican destinations booked by Americans were higher than those booked in Europe, according to the insurance company Allianz.

Passengers heading to Mexico need only complete a form about their risk factors for Covid-19 and provide their contact details, but since Mexico has little ability to do contact tracing, the procedure is little more than an empty formality.

Passengers could also be screened for Covid-19 symptoms upon arrival in Mexico, but with a promised two-minute maximum transit time through immigration, even that seems unlikely.

March could provide Cancún and other Quintana Roo vacation destinations such as Tulum, Cozumel and Playa del Carmen with a badly needed infusion of cash with Holy Week falling between March 28 and April 3. Spring break travelers may be another factor but their numbers are not expected to be anywhere near as high as in previous years.

All of Quintana Roo’s major beach destinations are listed at medium-risk yellow on the coronavirus stoplight risk map, allowing hotels to book at 60% occupancy and some restrictions to be eased. And for the moment, beaches in Quintana Roo are open with a 60% capacity limit as well, although bars and clubs statewide are not open.

A boost in visitor numbers would be welcome: January arrivals at Cancún’s airport — one of Mexico’s busiest — were only 1.3 million in January, 54.7% lower than the same month in 2020, when about 2.3 million passengers arrived there. On the other hand, domestic tourism did considerably better, with domestic flights to the Cancún airport only down about 18%.

Still,  the state has a long way to go to recover the level of tourism it had before the pandemic: tourism ministry figures show that Cancún and Puerto Morelos combined saw an average hotel occupancy of only 35.6% in January this year, compared to 80.8% last year. That represents a 45% decrease.

In the same period, other Quintana Roo destinations saw sharp decreases as well: Cozumel saw a 44% decrease while Isla Mujeres saw a decrease of 30%.

Source: Associated Press (en), El Economista (sp)

Census data shows narco violence widowed 45,000 women between 2010 and 2020

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woman and children
Majority of widows are left in precarious financial situations.

Almost 45,000 Mexican women were widowed between between 2010 and 2019 due to violence, according to data collected at last year’s census.

An average of 12.3 women lost their husbands to violent, mainly drug-related crime every day in the 10-year period between the start of 2010 and the end of 2019. All told, 44,905 women were left widows.

In the same period, 3,043 men were widowed due to violence, meaning that attacks, most of which were perpetrated with firearms, destroyed a total of 47,948 marriages during the period. Violence widowed 26,508 women and men in the preceding decade, meaning that 74,456 people have lost their husbands and wives to crime since the year 2000.

More than 6,250 people were widowed in Guerrero due to violence between 2010 and 2019, more than in any other state. Of those, 94% were women and 6% were men.

México state ranked second with 4,742 people widowed in the decade-long period followed by Chihuahua (3,979), Guanajuato (3,699), Michoacán (3,047), Jalisco (2,924) and Mexico City (1,634).

One of Mexico’s “narco widows” is a Michoacán woman identified only as Azucena by the newspaper Milenio. Her husband, a state police officer, was shot and killed in March 2019 on the highway to Tocumbo, a Michoacán municipality that borders Jalisco.

Azucena told Milenio that she has struggled to rebuild her life since her husband’s death, explaining that the state government hasn’t paid out on his life insurance or provided educational scholarships for her children.

“We live in uncertainty. I have a 13-year-old daughter and a 14-year-old son who have faced a lot of deprivation.”

“The pain and the despair are permanent,” Azucena said, referring to the emotional distress of losing her husband.

Another widow is Maritza, a Guerrero woman whose husband’s body was found in a hidden grave after he was murdered. She said she also lost her home, her friends and her peace of mind as a result of her husband’s violent death. In addition, Maritza received a death threat that warned that she would be “disappeared” like her husband.

Left without the financial support, Maritza opened a business on two occasions but was forced to close both due to threats she received. She now lives in hiding and has closed her social media accounts and constantly changes her cell phone number.

A University of Guadalajara study found that the majority of women who are widowed are left in precarious financial situations and that many of them lack the education levels required to get good-paying jobs and get ahead. As a result, they’re often forced to work low-paid jobs to support themselves and any children they might have as best as they can.

The study also found that many widowed women have difficulties accessing pensions and payments they should receive due to their husbands’ deaths and that some have had to flee their homes due to threats, as was the case with Maritza.

Violent crime has long plagued Mexico but worsened in recent years. New records for homicides were set in each of 2017, 2018 and 2019 and only declined 0.4% in 2020 despite the coronavirus pandemic.

Data shows that the number of people widowed on an annual basis due to violence declined at the start of former president Enrique Peña Nieto’s 2012-2018 term after rising above 5,000 in 2010 and 2011 during the presidency of Felipe Calderón, who launched a militarized “war on drugs” after taking office in late 2006 that has been blamed for increasing bloodshed.

However, the number of people widowed due to violence rose above 5,000 again in 2017 and reached 5,816 – the highest level of the decade – in 2018. The figure declined in 2019, President López Obrador’s first full year in office, but only by 0.8% to 5,678.

Source: Milenio (sp) 

Vaccine was shipped without paperwork; 800,000 doses remain in storage

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The Sinovac vaccine
The Sinovac vaccine arrived last week from China.

A shipment of 800,000 Covid-19 vaccine doses that arrived last Saturday has not been used and remains in storage because it was not accompanied by the necessary paperwork to certify the quality of the shots.

Ruy López, director of the National Center for Disease Prevention and Control Programs, said Sunday that the government was waiting for the Chinese pharmaceutical company Sinovac to deliver documentation of the analytical tests that confirm the quality of the doses.

He said the documents were expected to arrive this week and that as soon as they do the vaccines will be released from storage and distributed across the country. As of Thursday morning, that had not happened.

Gilberto Castañeda, a pharmacology researcher at the National Polytechnic Institute’s Center for Research and Advanced Studies, told the newspaper Reforma that failing to send the analytical test results with the vaccine doses was a serious oversight.

“It’s strange that the product has arrived and that all the information that justifies its use hasn’t,” he said.

“They can’t release [the shipment] until the analytical tests arrive, … it’s just a sheet of paper,” Castañeda said.

According to the Health Ministry, the 800,000 Sinovac shots will be used to inoculate seniors in 623 rural municipalities across the country. Health Minister Jorge Alcocer expressed confidence that they would be distributed this weekend.

The shipment of Sinovac shots that arrived last Saturday was the second consignment of the Chinese-made vaccines to reach Mexico. A first shipment of 200,000 doses arrived on February 20 and was used to inoculate seniors in Ecatepec, México state.

The government announced on February 10 that health regulator Cofepris had granted emergency use authorization to the two-shot Sinovac vaccine, which has been shown to have an efficacy rate of just over 50%.

The Sinovac vaccine is one of four Covid-19 vaccines to have arrived in Mexico, all of which must be administered in two separate shots. The others are the Pfizer/BioNTech, AstraZeneca/Oxford University and Sputnik V vaccines.

As of Wednesday night, Mexico had received just under 4.7 million vaccine doses and administered 2.63 million of them, according to Health Ministry data. About 51% of the shots have gone to health workers, 48% to seniors and 1% to teachers.

More than 572,000 health workers have received both required vaccine doses as have over 17,000 teachers. None of the 1.26 million seniors who have received one shot has received a second jab.

The government has agreements to acquire 232 million mainly two-shot vaccine doses and more than 100 million are expected to arrive before the end of May.

Meanwhile, Mexico’s accumulated coronavirus case tally rose above 2.1 million on Wednesday with 7,793 new cases reported. The official Covid-19 death toll increased to 188,044 with 857 additional fatalities registered.

Source: Reforma (sp) 

When that green stoplight sends our kids back to school, we must be ready

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When Mexico's kids go back to school, it won't look like this.
When Mexico's kids go back to school, it won't look like this.

Will our kids ever go back to school?

We’re getting very close to a year into the pandemic officially hitting Mexico. When it did, classes carried on for a couple of weeks with students’ temperatures being checked at the door. As coronavirus cases rose and showed no sign of improving, schools shut their doors.

Most of us assumed that kids would be out for a couple of weeks, maybe a month, while we “flattened the curve.” Hah!

When it was decided they wouldn’t return for the remainder of the semester, we wiped our brows, preparing for tough times. It was unimaginable at that point that we would get to the same date the following year and still have our children at home.

Little did we know that many private schools were closing for good (18,600 is the estimate a private school association gave) and that many teachers in the ones that managed to stay open would be receiving a fraction of their normal salaries because of lack of enrollment.

The National Association of Private Schools, in a show of frustration and gasping for breath, announced that private schools would reopen on March 1, with or without the Education Ministry (SEP), to which SEP replied, “I don’t think so.”

In the end, the SEP reported Monday that no private school actually heeded the call to reopen and thanked the educational institutions and students’ parents for having the patience to wait. This is all fine and good, but private schools closing is going to be a society-wide problem, and not simply one for those schools.

Around 15% of Mexican students attend private school. As you’ve probably guessed, many parents have not seen the point of paying for private schools at a time when students can’t attend them. Many parents have lost jobs and income and have been unable to keep their children attending even if they would have liked to.

Many of these students have started attending (virtual) public school, and others are simply not enrolled anywhere because they lack the tools to access the now-virtual systems being used. This is a tragedy, one that’s hitting each age group a different way, even for privileged students in the best of possible circumstances.

For students my daughter’s age (she’s in the first grade), there’s only so much they can learn online. Taking the best online classes and getting even a little out of it requires an attentive adult at their side, something that I am sure many lack. After all, chances are that if the parents can still pay for private school, they still have jobs that they presumably need to do even though their children are now home and needing much more attention.

While I have not seen the exact numbers for Mexico, I think it’s safe to assume that, like their counterparts around the world, women especially have left the workforce in droves in order to take on the role of full-time caregiver (and now teacher’s assistant) at home. Even before the pandemic, women were doing most of the domestic labor. The main difference now is that they’re not also earning money outside the home.

Regarding this point, the fact that I do not live with my child’s father has turned out to be a blessing for us both: we each get half a week in which we don’t need to worry about childcare. He has a set work schedule, so gets her mostly on weekends and one or two school days. And as a freelance writer and translator, I arrange my own work time as well as I can around my days with her.

But even with this gigantic benefit, it’s hard. It’s the best of circumstances, but we’re still in a pandemic in which emotional exhaustion, boredom and mental strife are running amok for everyone.

I often stop to think about single parents right now, who must be dealing with added financial strife and an extra layer of loneliness on top of the above. What are they doing? How are they doing it? Are they getting by? My own daughter has an extensive (for pandemic times) support system and social circle since what she’d normally have is now doubled.

Yet, even with all this, when I take her on our daily walk and she sees another child even within five years of her own age, she looks at them as if they were a giant ice cream cone in the middle of the desert. A playmate? She gets to have quite a lot of interaction with others compared to many, and yet she still longs for hours and hours with other children.

Elementary school students, however, at least want to hang out with their parents. My heart truly goes out to teenagers right now who under normal circumstances would be spending approximately 95% of their time avoiding being at home with their parents.

While much has been written about childhood mental health crises in the United States and other countries during the pandemic — much of it the result of closed schools — there has not been much about the topic here in Mexico. But that doesn’t mean it doesn’t exist.

For now, my fingers are crossed that students will be able to return to the classroom by the fall semester. So many countries have made reopening schools a priority, recognizing that students’ mental health is quite a bit weightier than the real risk of transmission in school. Could Mexican students safely return to the classroom before every state has been on “green” for over two weeks?

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control has released guidelines for reopening schools that include universal masking (check), social distancing (yikes — big classes, especially now in public schools), washing hands (we’ll need soap for the bathrooms), good ventilation (check, and maybe it could balance out the lack of distance), isolation/quarantine (yikes) and contact tracing (double yikes). The SEP and the Ministry of Health have announced guidelines for a return to classes in Mexico that might mean a hybrid setup, where students attend in-person classes every other day and do distance learning on the other days. They’re also talking about lots of temperature checks, social distancing, frequent handwashing and maybe parents having to submit a document promising that nobody in the family is currently displaying signs of Covid-19.

As terrible as the idea is for students, I think we’re going to wait for that green light. In the meantime, it would behoove the government to do what it could to help keep private schools open: we’re going to need them when it’s time to go back, especially if social distancing is to be reasonably expected. Can we also get teachers and school personnel listed as top priorities for vaccines, please?

Malls are open, restaurants are open, even lots of bars are open. Schools should have been the first priority at the expense of everything else, but there’s no time right now to be mad about it. It’s been a year, and we’re all exhausted. Let’s please try to get this right.

Our kids are counting on us.

Sarah DeVries is a writer and translator based in Xalapa, Veracruz. She can be reached through her website, sdevrieswritingandtranslating.com.

Authorities used excessive force, sexual violence to silence protesting women: Amnesty

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Women march in Guadalajara last year.
Women march in Guadalajara last year.

Amnesty International has accused Mexican authorities of using excessive force and sexual violence against women protesting peacefully against gender-based violence at five protests in 2020.

In a report published Wednesday entitled The (r)age of women: Stigma and violence against women protesters, the human rights-focused, non-governmental organization said that authorities repressed women who attended protests in Guanajuato, Sinaloa, Quintana Roo, México state and Mexico City last year.

The authorities violated their rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly by using “unnecessary and excessive force, arbitrary detentions and even sexual violence,” Amnesty International said.

Police even opened fire at a protest in Cancún last November against the femicide of a 20-year-old woman.

“The violent response of the various authorities to the women’s protests violated their rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly. During the arrests and transfers, police officers spoke to the women using violent and sexualized language, threatened them with sexual violence and subjected them to physical and sexual violence. Many women did not know where they were, who was arresting them or where they were taking them, meaning they were at risk of enforced disappearance,” said Tania Reneaum Panszi, executive director at Amnesty International Mexico.

An officer fires his weapon during a protest last year in Cancún.
An officer fires his weapon during a protest last year in Cancún. Eleven officers are awaiting trial in the case.

“The authorities at various levels of government have stigmatized women’s protests, characterizing them as ‘violent’ with the aim of discrediting their activism and questioning their motives,” she said.

“But make no mistake, these protests are a call for women’s right to live a life free from violence. They are a call to combat the impunity that prevails in thousands of cases of femicide and sexual violence that have caused unimaginable pain for so many families in Mexico.”

Amnesty International said it had concluded that police officers arrested more than a dozen women at protests without properly identifying themselves. It said that police held detainees incommunicado for long periods of time and transported them to police facilities using unusual routes without telling them where they were being taken.

The police actions caused women “intense fear” of becoming victims of enforced disappearance, the organization said.

“Deliberately causing suffering and uncertainty among the protesters about the possibility of being subjected to enforced disappearance is a violation of their right to personal safety and infringes upon the absolute prohibition of torture and other forms of ill-treatment,” Amnesty International said.

The NGO also said it had determined that police officers used sexual violence as a tactic to teach women a lesson about “daring to go out to protest in public and for behaving contrary to gender stereotypes.”

Amnesty said that authorities and some media outlets have stigmatized women’s protests by referring to them as violent.

“This stigmatization has created a hostile environment for women’s right to peaceful assembly that discredits their activism and encourages both authorities and civilians to carry out violence against them,” it said.

The organization issued a plea to the authorities to acknowledge the legitimacy of women’s protests and and to refrain from making stigmatizing statements against protesters.

It urged the authorities to carry out prompt, exhaustive, independent and impartial investigations into claims of sexual violence filed by protesters “in order to ensure that those responsible are brought to justice in fair trials and guarantee comprehensive reparation for the damages to the victims.”

The publication of the organization’s report comes just five days before International Women’s Day, a day on which women will hold marches against gender violence in cities across Mexico.

Mexico News Daily

Century-old bakery is Covid victim in San Luis Potosí

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la parisiense bakery
A shopper at the 117-year-old bakery, which closed last month.

A San Luis Potosí bakery with more than a century’s worth of memories managed to survive changes in tastes, demographics, and even remodeling in the city’s historic center, but it finally met its match last month in Covid-19.

La Parisiense, a four-generation family bakery founded by French immigrant Emmanuel Coulón in 1904 during the Francophile Porfiriato era, was the original panadería (bakery) of a company that over the decades expanded to its current 13 successful branches all over the city under the name La Superior, a brand the family founded in the 1950s.

But its flagship bakery, which retained the company’s original name and has been a downtown fixture since its founding, finally admitted defeat last month and closed its doors on a bittersweet Valentine’s Day.

The coronavirus, which brought sales down by an abysmal 50%, was the final nail in the coffin, a representative of the company told the newspaper El Universal.

“We couldn’t get in the black, we couldn’t manage to recuperate. Covid-19 hit us pretty hard,” they said. “… it just wasn’t profitable, especially with the rent that we were paying.”

However, the downtown bakery has been struggling for over a decade.

La Parisiense’s last true hurrah was in the 1990s and 2000s, when it not only had steady customers who bought their daily bread there but also vendors who would buy large amounts of bread to resell on on the outskirts of the city.

In the late 2000s, it was recognized by the city for being one of few businesses in San Luis Potosí that was still operating after a century.

However, it was also around this time that the historic center got a facelift. In 2008, it was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site, driving much renovation and refurbishing of the zone that the bakery blames for changing people’s driving routes and dragging down their sales by 18%.

By the time Covid-19 hit Mexico, La Parisiense was already a sentimental symbol of the company’s past rather than a profitable business. Its true profitability lies in the La Superior bakeries.

It just made hard business sense to close, the spokesman said.

“It was a difficult decision. It hurt us emotionally. It’s a family business, and it weighs heavy on our hearts, but we also have to know when to call it quits.”

Source: El Universal (sp), El Economista (sp)

In Jalisco, panic buttons protect over 500 women from domestic violence

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Operators at the C5 Command Center in Zapopan.
Operators at the C5 Command Center in Zapopan.

Panic buttons issued in Zapopan, Jalisco, to more than 500 women considered at medium and high risk of becoming victims of femicide are saving lives, according to one woman who owes her life to the electronic devices.

Authorities in Zapopan, a municipality that is part of the metropolitan area of Guadalajara, have distributed 552 “pulse of life” panic buttons to women who have been victims of physical violence perpetrated by their former partners.

One of the participants in the program is Lorena (not her real name), a 26-year-old woman with an abusive, estranged husband.

She told the newspaper Milenio that her “pulse of life” saved her life when her husband – who had previously attacked her on numerous occasions –broke into her home. He broke into the gated community where she lives and attempted to enter her home with a house key still in his possession.

But the lock had been changed and he was unable to get in, she explained. Enraged, the man broke a window to gain access. Lorena knew immediately that her life was in danger and locked herself in the bathroom and contacted the police using the panic button hanging around her neck.

The panic button used by over 500 women in Zapopan, Jalisco.
The panic button used by over 500 women in Zapopan, Jalisco.

Paulette Colorado, an employee in the municipal police C5 command center, tried to calm Lorena down and informed her that the nearest police car had been dispatched to her home. As she waited for the police to arrive, her husband managed to gain access to the bathroom, where he came face to face with his terrified wife.

Lorena told Milenio that when she saw him in front of her the only thing that she could think to do was to hold up her panic button and shout, “It’s the police!”

Immediately after, Colorado advised Lorena via her panic button that the C5 control center was listening to what was happening and that the police would soon arrive.

“That gave him a tremendous surprise,” Lorena said, adding that her husband took a backward step and she was able to lock herself in the bathroom again. The police arrived a short time later and apprehended the man after a short chase.

“When they were arresting him, he had the audacity to fight with the police, the aggression continued,” Lorena said.

“He came with other intentions; if it hadn’t been for the pulse of life, you and I wouldn’t be here talking, that’s the reality. … “I’m a survivor thanks to the pulse of life.”

The panic buttons come on a necklace-like chain and are equipped with technology that allows communication with the Zapopan C5 center and transmits the wearer’s location. A digital map in the command center shows the location in real time of all 552 women who have been issued with panic buttons since the 4-million-peso (US $191,000) security program began in 2019.

Juan Carlos Contreras, the deputy director of the command center, told Milenio that the women don’t need to identify themselves when they use their buttons because as soon as one is activated the carrier’s name appears on a screen.

“They don’t need to say, ‘My name’s Lupita and I have a problem,’” he said. “With the simple act of pressing the button … we know who we’re interacting with.”

Carlos Franco, head of the Zapopan police department responsible for preventing and investigating domestic and gender violence, said proudly that there have no murders of women issued with the buttons.

As a result of the success in Zapopan, police forces in some other Jalisco municipalities, including Guadalajara, Tlaquepaque and Puerto Vallarta, have introduced similar programs.

Asked how the program in Zapopan could be improved, Lorena said she was happy with the way it is operating now but would like to see it expand.

“The only thing I would like is for there to be more pulse of life panic buttons, for the authorities to support the program economically so that there are a lot more” because every one can save a woman’s life, she said.

With an average of about 10 murders of females every day, Mexico is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for women.

Source: Milenio (sp)