Sunday, May 11, 2025

Free money is not the answer to helping farmers: new agriculture chief

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Subsidies are not the answer to helping small-scale farmers.
Provide farmers guaranteed prices: new agriculture secretary.

Giving free money to small-scale farmers is not the solution to poverty, according to the incoming federal government’s agriculture secretary.

Speaking at the 5th National Congress of the National Confederation of Corn Producers, Víctor Villalobos said the government would instead establish fixed prices for some agricultural commodities.

“Giving money to the famers, giving them subsidies is not how we’re going to lift them out of poverty. What we need is to give them certainty with respect to how much their product, their harvest, is going to sell for and once that’s set the small producer will know that his corn, beans, wheat and rice will yield a price that will guarantee a profit margin . . .” he said.

Small-scale farmers will be paid guaranteed prices for up to 20 tonnes of corn, 15 tonnes of beans, 100 tonnes of wheat and 120 tonnes of rice, Villalobos said.

For wheat and rice, the new government’s price guarantee scheme will commence for the 2018-19 autumn/winter harvest, while for corn and beans it will start for the 2019 spring/summer harvest.

Dairy farmers will also be paid fixed prices for certain quantities of fresh milk starting January 1.

Villalobos, a director of the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture, said that 30 years of neoliberalism had left a lot of farmers living in poverty and therefore the farming sector needs to be “rescued” with a different policy approach.

“In the [neoliberal] model, the countryside was ignored except for one part that was dedicated to taking advantage of the liberalization of foreign trade . . .” he said.

“The countryside has to be rescued from a condition of abandonment . . . It has to be rescued from technological backwardness and [low] investment, rescued from the poverty and inequality in which millions of farming families find themselves, it has to be rescued from the poor public policies that over the past 30 years have made their situation worse.”

The asymmetry between technologically-advanced, large-scale, profit-driven agriculture and small-plot farming is not compatible with “a country that seeks to improve conditions of social development and maintain a model of stable economic growth,” Villalobos said.

The government’s agricultural policy agenda does not seek to undermine “the legitimate interests of agricultural entrepreneurs,” the future agriculture chief stressed, but rather to remedy poverty in the countryside, which he described as “a situation that makes better economic performance impossible.”

Source: La Jornada (sp) 

Parkosaurus fossils found in Coahuila are the first ever seen in Mexico

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This dinosaur roamed what is now Coahuila some 70 million years ago.
This dinosaur roamed what is now Coahuila some 70 million years ago.

Mexican paleontologists working with German researchers have discovered fossil evidence in Coahuila of a dinosaur genus that wasn’t previously known to have existed in Mexico.

A team of scientists from Saltillo’s Museum of the Desert (Mude), the Mexican Geological Service (SGM), the Karlsruhe State Museum of Natural History and the University of Heidelberg found a fossilized tooth and vertebra of a Parkosaurus dinosaur, a genus that lived more than 70 million years ago.

The discovery of the Parkosaurus fossils is the first of its kind in Mexico and the farthest south on the American continent.

In 2014, the Mexican and German researchers located a site on an ejido, or communal land, in the southeastern Coahuila municipality of General Cepeda that contained large quantities of fossils.

The location in an arid area known as Las Aguilas has been described as a huge dinosaur graveyard.

During the exploration of the site, the scientists found fossil material that they initially thought was coprolite, or in other words – fossilized feces.

However, laboratory testing determined that among the material was a tooth and vertebra that were confirmed as belonging to the herbivorous Parkosaurus genus.

The scientists’ findings were first published in September in an article published in the Bulletin of the Mexican Geological Society under the title First occurrence of Parkosauridae in Mexico.

Héctor Rivera Sylva, head of the Department of Paleontology at Mude, told the National Council for Science and Technology (Conacyt) that the delay between the discovery and the recent publication was due to the careful study and documentation of the fossils that was required because the Parkosaurus is a “little-studied and little-understood” genus.

“. . . You write the article, it’s sent to a peer-reviewed journal, they send it to assessors and once approved, it sees the light of day,” Rivera said.

He explained that the Parkosaurus was a medium-sized dinosaur that lived during the late Cretaceous period around 72 million years ago. The two-legged reptile measured between two and four meters in length.

“This family has been found in North America and in the north of China . . . most were found in Canada and the United States. But the most southerly record so far is the one we have in Coahuila,” Rivera said.

Through analysis of the vertebra, scientists determined that the fossils came from a juvenile dinosaur that died while still growing.

Proof that the Parkosaurus once roamed the territory where Coahuila is located today further enhances the northern border state’s reputation as Mexico’s “land of dinosaurs.”

Earlier this year, paleontologists announced that dinosaur fossils unearthed eight years ago in Coahuila had led to the discovery of a new species that lived in Mexico 85 million years ago.

Acantholipan gonzalezi, which belongs to the nodosaurus family, is the oldest dinosaur to have been found in the region.

Mexico News Daily 

Hussong’s bar in Baja was a destination for many youthful adventurers

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The famous Baja bar called Hussong's.
The famous Baja bar called Hussong's.

My first trip to Hussong’s Cantina in Ensenada was during the summer of 1964. An older friend had the rusting carcass of a 1951 Fleetwood 40-foot house trailer on a rented patch of sand just south of town.

Lazy days were spent under the seedy looking palapa tacked to the ocean side of his pink and white “beach pad,” but the evenings would find us in Hussong’s. I would like to say I clearly remember my very first night in this infamous cantina, but alas I cannot.

But I can remember some of the great times I had in the ensuing years in this ramshackle remnant of the 1890s.

The Mexican law which forbade women from entering a cantina was not repealed until 1984, so technically any female who was in one prior to that date was breaking the law. Since Hussong’s was a favorite hangout for southern California’s youthful adventurers, gringo women were often among the revelers.

The bartenders and wait staff took no formal steps in response to the inappropriate intrusion, but had their own type of punishment for the women who dared enter the forbidden cantina.

There was a small shelf at the top of the inward opening door to the restrooms. As soon as a woman entered the restroom, someone would balance a beer tray on the short shelf at the top of the door. When the door reopened, the tray would drop to the floor with a most calamitous clatter, and all in attendance would applaud and cheer.

Some women were a bit embarrassed, some laughed at the prank and enjoyed the attention, while the more adroit who knew of the prank would quickly open the door, step out and catch the tray in midair. This cunning act of skill often engendered a raucous standing ovation as well as a free shot of some rotgut tequila from the bartender.

Early afternoons in Hussong’s would always provide some high-quality entertainment with the ebb and flow of both patrons and vendors. The Mexican clientele was strictly working-class men while the gringos were predominantly beach bums, surfers and off-road enthusiasts. The daylight vendors were mostly selling nuts, seeds and a few mystery snacks, but there was a solitary vendor who peddled a special experience.

This lone vendor was a man without legs who wheeled himself into the building on a low platform with four castors. Trailing behind him was another four-wheeled platform with a large deep-cycle battery and a black box the size of a bread loaf. The black box had a single dial and wires connecting it to the battery as well as wires that terminated into two steel bars the size of rolled coins.

The experience which this man dispensed was, quite simply, pain and suffering. This cagey cripple would zero in on the most obviously inebriated group of Mexican patrons and begin his sales pitch. I was never quite sure just what his pitch entailed, but it always seemed to play on the individual’s machismo.

The idea was — bear in mind that participants paid for this privilege — to grab a steel bar in each hand. Gradually the vendor increased the electrical current, the needle of the dial would climb until eventually the brave borracho released his grip on the steel bars.

As the bars went around the table, each macho drunk would attempt to hold on longer than his compatriots, thus proving the mettle of his manhood. There were times when the steel bars went around the table more than once. On several occasions I witnessed grown men cry like babies while flopping on the floor like dying fish.

One Saturday evening when the aging cantina was packed with gringos, several local cops were attempting to coerce bribes from some of the more intoxicated patrons. They would accuse them of being drunk and disorderly — I mean, really, this was Hussong’s in the 60s and of course people were drunk and disorderly.

The cops would scan the crowded room for their intended victim, then grab him and haul the poor dupe outside where the intimidation would begin. After listening to a litany of the depredations one could suffer in a Mexican jail, they were always grateful to pay their “fine” to these kind guardians of public safety.

On this particular evening after our small group at a back table watched three people go through this classic Mexican extortion routine, we discussed the situation, ordered more cerveza and discussed it more. Yes, we decided to take action.

Between the five of us we had earlier purchased 30 industrial-strength sky rockets. These beauties cost 25 cents each, were larger than a road flare and could reach an altitude of 500 feet before producing a report equal to an artillery round. Working the plan we had cunningly fashioned, two of us casually got up from our table with a couple of empty beer bottles each, and went outside to the parking area next to the building.

I retrieved four rockets from the back of my truck and we placed them in the bottles at the back corners of the lot. We then removed the filters from four cigarettes, lit them up and placed them on the fuses of the rockets. Our return to the crowed cantina was casual, and there we resumed our seats and waited.

When the first one went off the cops traded a knowing look, expecting to catch some foolish gringo who would pay a really big “fine.” The next two went off simultaneously which induced a hush throughout the boisterous crowd as the cops sprinted for the parking lot.

They were most likely closing in on the rear of the lot as the last one whooshed into the night air like an RPG, followed by its thunderous detonation. Many folks followed the sprinting policemen outside to watch the expected confrontation between the cops and the ill-fated pyrotechnician.

Of course, neither flatfoot possessed the forensic skill to find the empty beer bottles and sniff for accelerant residue. So they started searching the neighborhood as everyone else filed back into the tequila-soaked environs of the old cantina. The two frustrated cops did not make a return appearance that evening.

In retrospect, episodes such as these galvanized my connection to the free and easy culture of Mexico. Much has changed in the last 50 years, but the soul of the country still remains, just slightly out of time.

The writer describes himself as a very middle-aged man who lives full-time in Mazatlán with a captured tourist woman and the ghost of a half wild dog. He can be reached at [email protected].

Woman’s assassination result of mistaken identity, governor says

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Valeria Medel: confused with someone else.
Valeria Medel: wrong target.

A young woman assassinated yesterday at a gym in Veracruz had been mistaken for someone else, the state governor told a press conference.

Valeria Cruz Medel was working out at a gym in Ciudad Mendoza when a gunman entered and shot her nine times.

The 22-year-old medical student was the daughter of Morena party Deputy Carmen Medel, who received the news of her daughter’s death during a session of the lower house of Congress.

Veracruz Governor Miguel Ángel Yunes said all the information gathered has revealed that the victim was confused with another women suspected of links to organized crime who works out at the same gym.

Officials received an anonymous call after the killing advising that the perpetrators had been traveling in a Mazda vehicle. It was located last night along with the body of a man believed to have masterminded the killing.

The man had been killed but officials were unaware who was responsible for his death. Meanwhile, two suspects have been arrested in connection with the case after they were found in possession of firearms and bulletproof vests.

Source: Milenio (sp), El Universal (sp)

Brakes were fine on semi involved in accident that killed 10

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The wreckage after Wednesday's accident.
The wreckage after Wednesday's accident.

The brakes on the semi-trailer that slammed into at least 15 cars on the Mexico City-Toluca highway Wednesday and killed 10 people were in working order, an investigation has determined.

The driver, a 41-year-old woman who was uninjured in the crash, told authorities that her brakes failed, causing her to completely lose control of the trailer.

However, Mexico City police chief Raymundo Collins suggested that the driver may have been unable to reach the brakes due to her height.

“These trailers are very big; in order to drive them and get your feet to the pedals you have to be a certain height. It caught my attention that the person [driving], without speaking badly of her, is a woman of short stature,” he said.

Mexico City Attorney General Edmundo Garrido told a press conference yesterday that preliminary results of the investigation into the horrific crash indicate that “the vehicle was being driven at a speed greater than 100 kilometers per hour.”

He explained that experts had reached that conclusion “taking into consideration the trajectory the trailer followed from contact with the first vehicle until it stopped as well as the deformation of the vehicles involved.”

Garrido said the truck’s brakes were found to be working.

Some victims had to be cut out of their crumpled vehicles by rescue crews. In addition to the 10 deaths, 16 people were hospitalized and 25 to 30 people were treated for minor injuries at the scene of the crash.

The trailer was transporting a 24-tonne load at the time of the accident, which is believed to have increased the force of the impact.

Garrido said the driver, a México state resident identified as Ana N., had been working for the the transport company that owned the trailer since July 2013 but had only started as a driver in September 2017.

A blood test to determine if she had consumed alcohol or drugs prior to the accident was negative, he added.

Still, Ana N. could face up to 50 years’ imprisonment for the culpable homicide of 10 people as well as additional terms for inflicting bodily harm and causing material damage.

However, the attorney general said that a compensation agreement could be reached that would allow the driver to avoid jail time.

Transportes Easo said in a statement that it “deeply regrets the death of several people as a consequence of the accident in which one of its vehicles was involved.”

The company also said it will fully cooperate with authorities in their investigation into the incident.

Source: El Universal (sp), La Opinión (sp) 

Trump erects new ‘legal wall’ against migrants; caravan rejects UN support

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Migrants' northward journey continues.
Migrants' northward journey continues.

United States President Donald Trump has erected a “legal wall” that will make things more difficult for the thousands of Central American migrants heading for the Mexico-U.S. border, a migrants’ advocate says.

Eunice Rendón of advocacy group Agenda Migrante said a proclamation signed by Trump today, requiring migrants to cross the border legally if they wish to apply for asylum, means they will have to demonstrate “credible fear” that they would suffer violence should they return to their home countries.

They will have to present a good argument, she said, indicating that she and fellow attorney Janet Moreno of the America Immigration Lawyers Association offered legal council to the approximately 5,000 migrants who are currently camping out in a sports stadium in Mexico City.

Meanwhile, as many as 2,000 left this morning to resume their journey north. By mid-afternoon they were beginning to arrive in Querétaro.

Those who remain in the capital had hoped for bus transportation to the northern border courtesy of the United Nations, but their hopes were dashed today.

UN officials declined the request at a two-hour meeting with representatives of the migrant caravan.

The latter responded by warning they would hold the international body responsible for any aggression committed against members of the caravan on their journey north, and asked that its representatives refrain from traveling with them.

They also said they had requested a meeting with president-elect López Obrador but he “roundly refused.”

The caravan plans to leave Mexico City Saturday morning for Querétaro, where they will decide which route to follow to the border, choosing between Tijuana and Nuevo León.

The caravan is the first to have arrived in Mexico via the southern border, which it began crossing October 19.

Source: El Financiero (sp), Milenio (sp)

Judge says no to El Chapo’s request for a hug before trial begins

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Emma Coronel: no hugs.
Emma Coronel: no hugs.

A federal judge in the United States has ruled that former drug lord Joaquín “El Chapo” Guzmán cannot enjoy a hug with his wife before his trial begins next week.

U.S. District Judge Brian Cogan wrote that “the court is sympathetic to the request,” citing Guzmán’s “exemplary” conduct and “grace under pressure” during the proceedings so far, but ultimately ruled against it.

“Having conferred extensively with the U.S. Marshals Service about the defendant’s request, the court is constrained to deny it. The marshals have stressed that acceding to the request would be contrary to all the security procedures that have been put in place.”

The judge said the denial was meant to prevent Guzmán from co-ordinating an escape “or directing any attack on individuals who might be cooperating with the government.”

Before Guzmán’s request was filed, his attorney warned that he might have a mental breakdown if he can’t have any physical contact with his spouse, Emma Coronel.

“It can be a brief embrace in open court with the courtroom railing between them. This entire process should not take more than a few seconds,” said Mariel Colón Miró. “The only human contact Mr. Guzmán has had since his extradition has been with the jail personnel when putting on and removing his shackles, and a quick handshake from his attorneys when he goes to court.”

Guzmán has been held in solitary confinement in New York for the last two years.

Guzmán has a reputation for being hard to hold in a jail cell. He has made two bold escapes from maximum-security penitentiaries in Mexico.

The former leader of the Sinaloa Cartel was recaptured in January 2016 and extradited to the United States just over a year later.

Guzmán has pleaded not guilty to 17 counts of drug trafficking, conspiracy, firearms offences and money laundering.

Source: Milenio (sp), New York Daily News (en)

Bank stocks plummet after senators’ surprise move to regulate bank charges

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Black Thursday architect Senator Monreal.
Black Thursday architect Senator Monreal.

Yesterday was “black Thursday” on the Mexican stock market when bank stocks plummeted after senators from president-elect López Obrador’s Morena party unexpectedly presented a proposal to curb bank charges.

The Mexican Stock Exchange’s benchmark IPC index fell 5.81% due to the bank losses, its biggest single-day decline since August 2011.

Senator Bertha Alicia Caraveo, who presented the legislative initiative on behalf of Morena upper house coordinator Ricardo Monreal, said that bank charges generated income of more than 108 billion pesos (US $5.3 billion) for Mexican banks last year, 8% more than in 2016.

The proposal to stop banks from charging certain commissions, she explained, seeks a “fairer” relationship between the banking sector and Mexican families.

Shares in Banorte suffered the biggest drop, down 11.9% at the close of trading, while Gentera and Inbursa saw 10.23% and 10.08% wiped off their market value respectively.

The Mexico subsidiary of Spanish bank Santander slumped 8%.

According to Bloomberg, the combined losses of Banorte, Inbursa, Santander, BanBajío, Gentera and Regional totaled more than 85.4 billion pesos (US $4.2 billion).

The FTSE index of Mexico’s new stock exchange BIVA also took a hit yesterday, closing trade down 5.66%.

The Banks of Mexico Association (ABM) said in a statement that it would analyze the content of the Morena proposal in order to identify its reach and determine the impact it would have on its members.

The bill referenced a study by financial consumer protection agency Condusef that said that, on average, 30% of Mexican banks’ revenue comes from commissions.

That percentage, Morena argued in its proposal, is more than banks in other countries earn from those charges.

If approved, the legislation would prohibit banks from charging customers for checking their account balances, withdrawing cash, requesting past statements and issuing replacement cards among other services.

Gabriela Siller, a director at Banco Base, said that the initiative is a sign that the soon-to-be ruling party will promote policies that could have an adverse effect on the private sector.

Several bankers told the news agency Reuters that the proposal caught them by surprise while the move also served to further stir fears about López Obrador’s economic plans.

The private sector is already concerned about the impact that canceling the Mexico City International Airport project will have on the economy.

Prominent business leaders last week slammed the cancellation decision, which came after a public consultation on the future of the project was held.

“All of this is by the book of what every other leftist government has done in Latin America: governing by referendum, then going after the financial conglomerates,” said Santiago Arias, a portfolio manager at Credicorp Capital Asset Management.

“There was a hope that Lopez Obrador would be a little more conscious about how he would approach the private sector,” he told Reuters.

Following the market reaction to the bank charges proposal, Senator Monreal stressed that lawmakers would take business concerns into account.

“We are not going to pass [the law] in an abrupt, fast, hasty way,” he told reporters. “We are going to listen and we will take enough time to be able to listen to all sectors.”

Future finance secretary Carlos Urzúa also sought to calm markets, calling on lawmakers in both houses of Congress to review the financial impact of their proposals.

“While we recognize the aim [of these initiatives] is to try to improve the living conditions of Mexicans, this objective will not necessarily be achieved unless impacts on public finances and stability in the financial sector are taken into account,” he said.

UPDATE November 9, 6:46pm CT:

Bank stocks recovered today after president-elect López Obrador offered an assurance there would be no fiscal reforms during the first three years of the new government.

“We are not going to make any modifications to the legal framework with regard to economic, financial or fiscal matters,” he told a press conference.

Mario Delgado, the head of the soon-to-be-governing Morena party in the lower house, promised there would be no more “surprises” such as yesterday’s proposal.

Source: El Financiero (sp), Reuters (en), El Economista (sp)

Fox sees little austerity in AMLO’s decision to cancel airport project

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Former president Fox.
Former president Fox.

Former president Vicente Fox has hit out at the decision to cancel the new Mexico City International Airport, charging that it is at odds with the incoming government’s austerity push.

In a statement issued yesterday, the ex-National Action Party (PAN) leader said that by scrapping the US $14-billion project, president-elect López Obrador has fulfilled his first campaign promise but asserted that it comes at the expense of the Mexican people.

“The cancellation of the new airport will cause the loss of 120 billion pesos [US $5.9 billion], a conservative estimate, because there will be contractors that will surely go to court to recover their investment,” Fox wrote.

“In addition, there is 60 billion that has already been paid, of which 45 billion is impossible to recover. See how it is useless to boast of austerity, when a public works project is being thrown away,” he continued.

Fox, who governed Mexico from 2000 to 2006, also addressed the decision to eliminate pensions for past presidents, a López Obrador campaign promise that lawmakers decreed by the official federal gazette this week.

Past presidents were entitled to a monthly pension of just over 205,000 pesos (US $10,000) not including other benefits.

“My position is firm and secure: if it is for the good of Mexico, I gladly give up my pension. If it means that my country will have significant growth in its economic resources, I gladly relinquish it,” Fox wrote.

Fox went on to outline a range of expenses to which the new government has committed, including higher pensions for the elderly and disabled and scholarships for students, pointing out that it will also have to pay interest on external debt and allocate money to the states, among other costs.

“If taking away my pension helps significantly to meet these challenges, great! Or if it helps to make a difference to the extreme poverty rate, even better!” the ex-president wrote.

Fox said that “apparently this government-elect is prepared to pull down what is already successful,” adding that it needs to learn the difference between “governing appropriately and viscerally dismantling.”

In closing, Fox declared: “my commitment will never change, with or without pension, it will always be the same. I will continue to work . . . for Mexico and its people.”

López Obrador, who will take office on December 1, has already announced a range of personal austerity measures he intends to adopt as president.

They include largely forgoing personal security, flying on commercial airlines rather than the presidential plane — which he has pledged to sell — and receiving a salary less than half that paid to President Peña Nieto.

Both houses of Congress, controlled since September by the coalition led by López Obrador’s Morena party, have also thrown their support behind austerity measures that include cutting salaries of politicians and other government officials.

López Obrador confirmed last week that the airport would be canceled after a public consultation found 70% support to kill the project and instead build two new runways at the Santa Lucía Air Force Base and upgrade the existing Mexico City airport and that in Toluca.

In contrast to Fox’s claim, the president-elect said this week that the companies that have been building the new airport will not take legal action against the incoming government over the decision to cancel the project.

Source: Milenio (sp), El Universal (sp) 

Tax agency uncovers ‘aggressive’ new fraud scheme

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sat

The Federal Tax Administration (SAT) has uncovered a new and “aggressive” tax fraud scheme involving more than 13,000 partners and shareholders of 600,000 companies, many of which are bogus.

Unidentified media organizations and professional soccer teams are among the entities that have avoided paying tax of between 1 million and 120 million pesos (US $50,000 to $5.9 million) each.

Samuel Magaña, a high-ranking auditor at the SAT, told a press conference yesterday that the fraudulent scheme is being used to avoid paying income tax (ISR).

The scheme basically consists of companies contracting supposed suppliers that are in fact bogus companies, which in turn subcontract other ghost companies, creating a chain of simulated suppliers that operate without employees, don’t pay taxes and report minimal profits or losses.

“They disguise not paying this withholding [ISR] to the federal treasury through certain tax applications such as clearances and credits: that is, they generate or simulate tax credits, income tax losses or workers’ wage credits that don’t exist in order to kill the entire [tax] retention . . .” Magaña said.

“We have detected these companies’ chains, their partners and shareholders, their legal representatives, their tax residence, telephone numbers, emails . . . and that allows us to conclude that this is a simulated scheme,” he added.

He said that criminal investigations into some of the fraud cases detected are already very advanced and that prison sentences of five to 15 years could be imposed on those found guilty.

As it detects new fraud cases, the tax administration contacts companies to ask them to voluntarily correct their tax situation and thus avoid being investigated for possible criminal activity.

To date, around 400 million pesos (US $19.8 million) in lost tax revenue has been recovered by the SAT including 161 million pesos from a single tax evader, Magaña said.

Among the irregularities the SAT detected in the fraud scheme were the inclusion of dead people on companies’ payrolls along with employees who supposedly worked for up to 27 companies at the same time.

Source: Milenio (sp)