Mexico’s national oil company will offer to pay back about US $2 billion it owes big-ticket suppliers with new debt, potentially easing conditions for some of its biggest contractors.
In recent years Pemex has been racking up debts to its suppliers, which stood at $13.5 billion at the end of the first quarter, according to its financial filings.
The company did not name which suppliers would benefit from the offer, but said it would exchange invoices for notes with a coupon of 8.75% due in 2029 to suppliers with more than $5 million outstanding.
In January, oil services group Schlumberger said it was experiencing payment delays from its primary customer in Mexico and that it was owed about $500 million. Rival Halliburton also said about 10% of its receivables were from Mexico, where it had also had payment delays.
Schlumberger and Halliburton did not immediately respond to requests for comment.
Pemex has outstanding debt of more than $100 billion, making it one of the world’s most indebted oil companies. Despite recording large quarterly losses, many emerging market funds hold its bonds because of strong government backing and the company’s higher yield compared with Mexico’s sovereign bonds.
The government of nationalist President López Obrador has vowed to “rescue” Pemex after years of privatization, which he has said was aimed at destroying it.
The deal announced on Tuesday covers a total of $2 billion in liabilities, making it neutral to Pemex’s credit profile, said Nymia Almeida, analyst at rating agency Moody’s.
She added that the move was a good step for the company to protect its supplier base.
“Everybody uses suppliers as a source of financing . . . but this amount has increased in the last few years, it’s actually becoming difficult for suppliers themselves to survive,” Almeida said. “I think from that perspective it’s positive that the company is doing something about it.”
López Obrador has made it a priority to support Pemex financially, cutting an important tax rate on its profits to 40% in 2022 from more than 65% in 2019. The company also recently agreed to buy back some bonds and swap others for the amount of more than $3 billion.
At the same time, the government has pursued a strategy of being energy “self-sufficient” that includes spending billions for Pemex to build an oil refinery in the president’s home state. The plan is unlikely to maximize profits for the state-owned company, analysts said, and crude oil production has continued to decline.
A Health Ministry report argues against changing the clocks twice a year.
The practice of changing clocks twice a year at the start and end of daylight saving time could soon become a thing of the past.
President López Obrador said Wednesday that there is a good chance that the controversial custom will be terminated this year.
“We have an inquiry open to make a decision and they already delivered the documents and we’re going to disclose them to you because the savings [generated by daylight saving time] are minimal and the harm to health is considerable,” he told reporters at his morning news conference.
López Obrador, a longtime critic of daylight saving time – first introduced in Mexico in 1996 – said that a study completed by the Energy Ministry in conjunction with the Health Ministry and the Federal Electricity Commission concluded that daylight saving time generates savings of about 1 billion pesos (US $50.8 million) a year across Mexico.
“The conclusion is that the damage to health is greater than the importance of economic savings,” he said.
A 2021 study by the National Autonomous University’s Faculty of Medicine found that the twice-yearly time change can cause or aggravate flu, drowsiness, eating and digestive disorders and headaches, among other problems.
“It’s proven that health is harmed,” López Obrador said, adding that the decision on whether to eliminate daylight saving time or not will ultimately be dictated by what people want.
“Remember, [to govern] is to command by obeying. In other words if we see that there is majority support one way or the other no consultation” would be needed, López Obrador said, apparently referring to a referendum on the issue.
“We could measure [public support] with a survey, without the need for a consultation,” he said.
Later on Wednesday, the government released a Health Ministry report that advocated eliminating the practice.
“Why should we abolish summer time? The first thing we must consider is that the choice to have summer time is political and can therefore be changed,” it said. “… If we want to improve our health we mustn’t fight against our biological clock. It is advisable to return to standard time.”
The report attributed a range of ailments to summer time including biological, psycho-emotional and social disorders, drowsiness, irritability, and attention span, concentration and memory problems. It also said the observance of daylight saving time can increase people’s appetites at night, cause fatigue and diminish performance at work and school.
It takes adults up to seven days to adapt to a time change, while children take even longer, the Health Ministry report said.
“Some studies suggest an association between summer time and an increase in the occurrence of heart attacks, especially in the first week after being implemented,” it said.
“The time change alters the time … [people are] exposed to the sun and upsets our biological clock. The desynchronization with the environment alters our internal temporal order, causing physical and mental problems, and these problems arise more often in the days following a time change.”
The Spanish energy company Iberdrola has been fined more than 9 billion pesos for violating a now-defunct electricity law.
The Energy Regulatory Commission (CRE), an ostensibly autonomous federal body, fined the firm 9.14 billion pesos (US $464.2 million) for violating the Public Electricity Service Law (LSPEE), which was repealed in 2013.
According to the CRE, Iberdrola sold electricity directly to customers that didn’t appear on permits issued while the LSPEE was still in effect. It supplied power generated at its Dulces Nombres plant in Nuevo León to “simulated” partners between January 2019 and June 2020, the CRE said.
The newspaper Reforma reported that the fine imposed on the company is equivalent to 56.4% of Iberdrola México’s income in the first quarter of 2022.
Óscar Ocampo, an energy expert with the Mexican Institute for Competitiveness (IMCO), a think tank, said the fine is the largest ever issued to a participant in Mexico’s energy sector.
He said it would generate uncertainty in the sector and predicted that Iberdrola – which President López Obrador holds up as an example of what he calls unscrupulous foreign firms that have “looted” the country – would challenge it.
“Iberdrola will probably defend itself and it will be a long [legal] process,” Ocampo said. “… It won’t have to pay out the money, at least not in the short term.”
The IMCO energy coordinator raised concerns about the disproportionate size of the fine and the message it sends to other private energy companies, which have faced a hostile government since López Obrador took office in late 2018.
Writing in the El Economista newspaper, columnist and former federal lawmaker Gerardo Flores Ramírez said it was clear that the CRE’s “mega fine” was an “administrative outburst” from the federal government, “which has decreed that Iberdrola is an enemy that must be vanquished and destroyed if possible.”
For his part, López Obrador described the 9-billion-peso fine as “fair” and reiterated that “Mexico is not a land of conquest.”
“I had no knowledge [of the fine] because revenge isn’t my forte,” he said Saturday while touring northern Mexico.
Iberdrola, which has a presence in 15 states, is one of the largest private energy companies in the Mexican market, but its investment here fell to just US $16.1 million in the first quarter of 2022, a 93% decline compared to five years ago and a 60% drop in the space of a year.
CEO Ignacio Galán said in late April that the company didn’t expect to invest heavily in Mexico in the near future, even though a proposed electricity reform that would have favored the state-owned Federal Electricity Commission over private firms failed to pass Congress.
Gubernatorial candidate Salomón Jara, right, gets some heavyweight help from Morena national president Mario Delgado, left, at a rally in Oaxaca. A new poll favors Jara to beat PRI/PRD hopeful Alejandro Avilés. Twitter
New polls indicate that Mexico’s ruling Morena party will claim four additional governorships this Sunday and that its candidate in Durango could also triumph in a close race.
Gubernatorial elections will be held June 5 in the following states, listed below with the party of its current ruling government:
Hidalgo: Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
Oaxaca: Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
Quintana Roo: Democratic Revolution Party (PRD)
Tamaulipas: National Action Party (PAN)
Aguascalientes: National Action Party (PAN)
Durango: National Action Party (PAN)
The results of polls conducted by the newspaper El Financiero show that Morena – founded by President López Obrador – is likely to win in Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo and Tamaulipas.
The poll favored Morena gubernatorial candidate Julio Menchaca, seen here on the campaign trail in Molango, Hidalgo, on Tuesday. Twitter
Of 800 Hidalgo residents polled in the second half of May, 54% said that they would vote for Morena candidate Julio Menchaca, a former federal senator and judge. The Morena/Labor Party (PT)/New Alliance candidate garnered 20% more support than the joint PAN/PRI/PRD candidate Carolina Viggiano, a former federal deputy.
In Oaxaca, the Morena/Green Party (PVEM) candidate Salomón Jara — a former federal senator and state agriculture minister — attracted 56% support from poll respondents, more than double the 27% backing of PRI/PRD hopeful Alejandro Avilés, a state deputy.
The results of the Quintana Roo El Financiero poll show Morena/PT/PVEM candidate Mara Lezama with a 13-point advantage over PAN/PRD candidate Laura Fernández, a former federal deputy and state tourism minister. Lezama, mayor of Benito Juárez (Cancún) until March, was supported by 44% of those polled compared to 31% who backed Fernández.
The Tamaulipas poll shows a slightly tighter contest, with Morena/PT/PVEM candidate Américo Villareal attracting 49% support, 10 points ahead of PAN/PRI/PRD hopeful César Verástegui.
The poll put PAN/PRD Quintana Roo gubernatorial candidate Laura Fernández at a 13-point disadvantage against Morena candidate Mara Lezama. Screen capture
Villareal is a medical doctor and former federal senator, while Verástegui served as government secretary in the current administration led by Francisco García Cabeza de Vaca, who is accused of organized crime and money laundering by federal authorities.
PAN rule in Aguascalientes, Mexico’s third smallest state by area, looks set to continue with PAN/PRI/PRD candidate Teresa Jiménez attracting 48% support from poll respondents. The ex-federal deputy and mayor of Aguascalientes city was 13 points ahead of Morena candidate Nora Ruvalcaba, who formerly served as the federal government’s development programs chief in the state.
In Durango, El Financiero said that its poll produced a statistical tie with a difference of just one point between the two leading candidates. PAN/PRI/PRD candidate Esteban Villegas, a former state health minister and mayor of Durango city, attracted 46% support, while 45% of respondents said they would vote for Morena/PT/PVEM aspirant Marina Vitela, a former federal deputy and mayor of Gómez Palacio.
If Morena wins four of the six gubernatorial contests, the number of federal entities it governs will increase from 16 to 20. When the presidential election was held in July 2018, the party wasn’t in power in any of the 32 states.
In Durango, the poll predicted a tie between Morena coalition candidate Marina Vitela, center, and Durango city Mayor Esteban Villegas.
Authorities in Tamaulipas and Durango have announced that the sale of alcohol will be banned for 48 hours until 11:59 p.m. Sunday, while a ley seca, or dry law, will be in effect for 24 hours in Aguascalientes. With the exception of one municipality in Hidalgo – Huejutla de Reyes – alcohol bans haven’t been announced in the other states.
But criminal organizations will pose a bigger problem than drunk citizens for new governors once they take office later this year.
The newspaper El Economista identified the crime groups that have a presence in the six states where voters will elect new governors on Sunday.
The Jalisco New Generation Cartel (CJNG) and the Old School Zetas operate in Hidalgo, while the CJNG, the Pantoja Cartel and Los Chukys are active in Oaxaca.
The CJNG, the Gulf Cartel, Los Pelones, the Old School Zetas and a group called Comandante Coronavirus all operate in Quintana Roo, El Economista said, while at least nine groups are involved in criminal activity in Tamaulipas. They are Los Treviño, Los Metro, the Narco Rap group, the CJNG, the Gulf Cartel, The New Era Gulf Cartel, the Northeast Cartel, the Old School Zetas and the Tropa del Infierno, or Hell’s Army – the armed wing of the Northeast Cartel.
The new governor of Aguascalientes will take control of a state where Mexico’s two most powerful cartels – the CJNG and the Sinaloa Cartel – both operate, while the incoming Durango leader will take the reins in a state where the CJNG, the Sinaloa Cartel, Los Cabrera – an armed wing of the Sinaloa Cartel – and the Western (or Laguna) Cartel all hold sway.
There are four illegal gasoline retailers for every one of these. Divisual Jo / Shutterstock.com
Mexico is seeing a rapid spike in oil theft across much of the country, with observers divided as to whether high gas prices have led to more robberies, or vice versa.
On May 23, Defense Minister Luis Crescencio Sandoval announced at the government’s monthly security briefing that oil theft had increased from 5.1 million barrels in January to 7.5 million barrels in April.
On the same day, a report by La Razón highlighted the scale of the crisis with the western state of Jalisco seeing a staggering 944% rise in cases of oil theft between January and March 2021 to 2022. These increases seem highly focused on northern Mexico since the border state of Sonora saw oil theft grow by 140%, followed by Durango at 100% and Nuevo León by 87.8%.
Earlier this month, industry experts told Mexican media Publimetro that this rise was in part due to more attacks on gas tankers alongside the traditional taps of oil pipelines. Registered attacks on tanker trucks rose from 125 in the first quarter of 2021 to 412 in the same period of 2022.
According to the report, criminal groups have set up checkpoints and blockades across several states in Mexico to systematically rob trucks, causing logistical problems for the state-owned petroleum company, Pemex. Some gas stations have been forced to close their pumps after running out of fuel, causing long lines at those petrol pumps that still had reserves.
However, the tapping of pipelines remains a real concern. In early May, Cresencio announced that in Puebla – a central state through which several major oil pipelines pass – security forces had recovered 2.3 million liters of stolen fuel and arrested 217 alleged perpetrators. Over 6,000 instances of pipeline tapping had been discovered in Puebla in the last three years, he added.
In the first quarter of 2022, there were 3,199 reports of pipeline siphoning, representing a 14% year-on-year increase.
This increased criminal focus on oil theft has come amid soaring gas prices. In early March, a gallon of premium gasoline sold for nearly US $5.65 in Mexico City, up from an average of $3.97 four months earlier.
InSight Crime analysis
Pipeline tapping and fuel truck robberies have been linked with heightened gas prices and fuel shortages in the past. In 2019, the Mexican government restricted moving oil through the national pipeline system to stem the illegal taps, causing massive shortages in Mexico’s western states, particularly in Jalisco.
While oil theft has been a criminal economy of choice for years in Mexico, a hike in oil prices has incentivized the black market for gasoline more than ever.
In 2022, inflation and the Russian-Ukrainian war have raised oil prices globally. Despite government subsidies that make gas affordable to most Mexicans, companies have run into problems with supply, reported Publimetro. In the northern regions of Mexico, shortages were exacerbated by the influx of Americans crossing the border in search of cheaper gas prices.
All of this has provided criminals with the perfect reason to redouble their oil theft efforts. The Latin America Risk Report points out that criminal groups are not only incentivized to exploit higher prices through theft and contraband sales but also extort energy companies who are reaping the profits of higher prices.
Indeed, it could be suggested that the potential for huge profits on stolen gas during times of scarcity or high price have directly led to the creation of criminal elements in Mexico, which have gone on to do untold damage to the country.
Investigative journalist Daniel Blancas told Aristegui Noticias that the 2017 gasolinazo crisis, caused by the greatest hike in gas prices in 20 years, was responsible for an explosion of pipeline tapping. One of the most notorious groups associated with oil theft is the Santa Rosa de Lima Cartel. Its operations centered around huachicol, and brought in estimated profits of $800,000-$1.2 million a day at the height of their operations in 2018. Guanajuato, the state where the cartel is based, now ranks among Mexico’s most dangerous.
According to a recent report from the International Crisis Group, fuel theft started to spike in 2010 as the Zetas and the Gulf Cartel entered the illicit economy.
More recently, criminal groups have continued to target insecure oil and gas infrastructure, drilling sophisticated tunnels to access pipelines and ramping up their use of technology to avoid detection.
In 2020, huachicoleo was so rampant that Roberto Díaz de León, president of the national fuel retailers association ONEXPO, referred to fuel thieves as the main competitors of gas station owners. “In this country, there is an illegal parallel network of fuel supply and distribution whose presence and influence is quite strong,” he told Mexico Business News in an interview.
Cachimbas, unregulated roadside stops where motorists can fill their tanks illegally, are the most common way criminal groups resell their siphoned fuel. According to Díaz, there are at least four cachimbas for every one of Mexico’s 13,000 legal gas stations.
Reprinted from InSight Crime. Henry Shuldiner is a writer with InSight Crime, a foundation dedicated to the study of organized crime.
Heavy property damage on Ventanilla beach, 40 minutes from Puerto Escondido.
Hurricane Agatha, which made landfall Monday as a Category 2 storm, has claimed the lives of at least 11 people in Oaxaca, while 22 others are missing, according to preliminary reports.
Governor Alejandro Murat said Wednesday morning that a total of 33 people have been reported as missing, of whom 11 are confirmed dead.
Speaking via video link at President López Obrador’s regular press conference, Murat said that flooding due to overflowing rivers and mudslides was responsible for the disappearances and deaths. He declared that Oaxaca is in mourning.
The governor said Tuesday night that approximately seven people had lost their lives in an area encompassing the neighboring municipalities of San Mateo Piñas and Santiago Xanica. They are located inland from San Pedro Pochutla, the municipality where Agatha made landfall.
The military had to assist vehicles turned over by mudslides on the Pochutla-Huatulco highway near where Agatha made landfall.
Two people also died in Santa Catarina Xanaguía, a community in the Sierra Sur municipality of San Juan Ozolotepec, while three children are missing in the coastal municipality of Huatulco.
Murat said that some parts of Oaxaca, including Sierra Sur municipalities, were still without power Tuesday night but that service was expected to be reestablished by midnight.
He said Wednesday that homes were damaged during the passing of Agatha – the most powerful hurricane to have made landfall in the Eastern Pacific in May – but acknowledged that a census to assess the damage was only just starting.
Roads and bridges were also damaged and/or cut off by flooding, landslides and fallen trees. Federal highway 200 between Puerto Escondido and Huatulco was one of the affected roads but it reopened on Tuesday.
Among the communities where damage was reported were Zipolite, Mazunte, San Agustinillo and Ventanilla.
In Juan Diegal, a small community in Pochutla, every single home was destroyed, according to a resident.
“There are about 28 families here, all [the houses] were completely destroyed,” Aurora Alonso Bastida told the newspaper El Universal. “Thank God people managed to get out but everything was lost,” she said.
While no human lives were lost in Juan Diegal, located in the higher, inland section of the coastal municipality, some animals succumbed to the powerful storm.
Oaxaca Governor Alejandro Murat reported via video link on the situation in his state to President López Obrador’s regular press conference on Wednesday.
Alonso said that she and other residents, including 12 children, walked two hours amid heavy rain to get to a shelter in the municipal seat of Pochutla.
“We were going to stay. We said: perhaps [the house] will hold up … but the back wall started to come down,” she said, adding that someone could have died if they didn’t get out.
More than 100 people slept Monday night in a shelter set up in a Pochutla cultural center.
“After the hurricane passed, more and more people arrived because they sustained losses or their homes were flooded,” said local official Feliciano Cruz Martínez.
Thousands of soldiers, marines, police, Civil Protection personnel and others were deployed to search for the missing and respond to the damage caused by Agatha, but some parts of Oaxaca are isolated and hard to get to even without the added difficulties created by a hurricane.
Schools in the coastal and Sierra Sur regions of Oaxaca will remain closed until Thursday, education authorities said, while state and municipal authorities are inspecting schools for damage.
Hurricane Agatha made landfall with maximum sustained winds of 165 kilometers per hour and higher gusts but subsequently lost strength.
The National Water Commission (Conagua) said Wednesday that the remnants of Agatha will cause torrential rain Wednesday in Quintana Roo, with rainfall of up to 250 millimeters forecast. Intense rain accumulation of up to 150 mm is forecast in Campeche, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Tabasco and Yucatán, while heavy rainfall of up to 75 mm is predicted for the south of Veracruz.
A NASA image from space shows Agatha bearing down over Oaxaca.
“The precipitation could cause landslides, an increase in the levels of rivers and streams and … floods in low-lying areas,” Conagua said in a statement.
“… A low-pressure area associated with the remnants of Agatha increases to 70% the probability for cyclonic development in the 48-hour forecast and … 80% probability in [the next] five days. It’s located on land 75 kilometers west-southwest of Chetumal, Quintana Roo, and is moving toward the northeast.”
LiDAR-assisted image of part of the ancient Tarascan city of Tzintzuntzan in Michoacán, showing the site's buried structures.
Researchers now have a fuller picture about the size of an ancient Purépecha city in Michoacán after using laser technology to detect structures hidden under vegetation and the ground.
Known structures at the Tzintzuntzan site near Lake Pátzcuaro numbered in the dozens before National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH) researchers detected more than 1,000 using the laser surveying method known as LiDAR (light detection and ranging).
“To date, we have identified more than 1,000 archaeological elements in an area of 1,075 hectares,” INAH researcher José Luis Punzo Díaz said earlier this year.
“We went from knowing of a few dozen monuments to more than a thousand in these first kilometers we’ve explored,” said the head of the LiDAR project, which began in 2021 and is supported by the United States-based National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping and NASA.
LiDAR technology, satellite images and digital mapping models have together given researchers “a more complete image of this ancient city” Punzo said, explaining that the site – whose name means “place of the hummingbirds” in Purépecha – has been the subject of archaeological study by INAH for 90 years.
Among the structures detected at Tzintzuntzan – the capital of the vast Purépecha, or Tarasco, empire – via LiDAR are pyramids, terraces, platforms and residential dwellings, INAH said in a statement.
They are located “on the lower slopes of hills and near Lake Pátzcuaro, and not just in the area near the ritual zone as had been represented on site maps.”
Additional LiDAR surveys are expected to detect even more structures at Tzintzuntzan, located in the municipality of the same name.
“This project is going to be very important,” Punzo told the newspaper El Universal earlier this month.
“I can say that [what we’ve found so far] is the tip of the iceberg. … LiDAR is the base to study the city in the coming decades. We knew almost nothing about Tzintzuntzan apart from its central area,” he said.
LiDAR uses lasers to map areas, from the air or from handheld devices. The technology emits brief light pulses whose reflection allows researchers to create a 3-D map with GPS and computers of objects that might otherwise be invisible to the naked eye.
Lupita Maldonado performs a healing ritual at a temazcal in Playa Larga, Guerrero.
In Mexico, long before there was modern medicine, there have been alternative healing practitioners, called curanderos, or shamans.
Their practice is sometimes referred to as complementary medicine – meaning that it can work well along with more mainstream scientific methods. However, some people, particularly modern health professionals, do not believe in or trust alternative healing practices, nor feel there’s sufficient scientific data to back up their claims.
In some rural communities, the services of a curandero are considered standard — and sometimes the only medical help available. Many swear by their methods as both natural and inexpensive compared to pharmaceuticals and mainstream hospital care. My close Mexican friends also use curanderos, though they do seek traditional medicine when warranted.
Over the years, I’ve had four opportunities to test whether curanderos in Mexico are indeed bonafide, albeit controversial, healers or scam artists.
Curanderos are supported by the Mexican government, both as alternative medical practitioners and as keepers of traditional indigenous knowledge. Government of mexico
The first time I visited a local curandero was a few years after I arrived in Mexico. At the time, I had had a steady run of “bad luck” for the past several months. My coworkers told me I needed to see Christian, a young man in his early 30s who was renowned for his healing powers and would be able to give me what they called a cleansing. Reluctant yet intrigued, I agreed to an appointment.
The healing center was a gravel yard surrounded by a chain-link fence, with a bed like you would see in a doctor’s examining room. A couple of outbuildings, from which the young shaman emerged, took up the rest of the area. To say I was prepared to high-tail it would be an understatement, but I resisted the urge and decided to see this through.
Christian introduced himself to me in Spanish and told me to lie down on the table face up. He then grabbed a pair of scissors and, leaning over me, cut the air with the blades while sucking in air and expelling loudly. I learned later that he was cutting away the bad spirits that had attached themselves to me, inhaling them and then spitting them out.
After what seemed like a long time, he had me sit up. He cracked an egg over my head and laid his hands on the top of it while speaking in what seemed to be a ritualistic way. It was strangely comforting (though a bit messy), and I could feel charged energy in his hands.
And then it was over.
I found two things interesting: later, I felt lighter, and also, over the next couple of weeks, my life did appear to get better; my string of bad luck seemed past me.
Psychosomatic? Perhaps, or maybe just wishful thinking. But weirdly, I felt that this young man was someone beyond the normal and that he possibly did have healing “gifts.” Many of my coworkers and the community certainly thought highly of him. Part of me wanted to believe, but I was also somewhat skeptical. Still, I found it to be an interesting and thought-provoking experience.
I met my second Mexican curandero several years later. I had moved to pick up something from the floor and became dizzy. No matter how hard I tried, I couldn’t straighten or even walk another step. My employer immediately took me to the hospital, and they gave me muscle relaxants and ordered bed rest for the next few days. But the excruciating muscle spasms did not get any better.
Curanderos, similar to a shaman or medicine man in other indigenous cultures, are believed to have existed in some form in Mexico since pre-Hispanic times. “Curandero” by Mario González Chavajay
Two of my friends decided we should seek a curandero‘s help in Lázaro Cárdenas, a city two hours north of Zihuatanejo.
From my vantage place in the car’s back seat, I could see several people lining the riverbanks when we arrived, like a scene out of the film Deliverance. A very old and extremely wizened man greeted us and helped my friends carry me into one of the shacks.
A table took up the main room inside, but I noticed dishes, some canned food and a small stove; the shack was also where the healer lived.
As I lay on the table, covered in a dirty sheet, I wondered how I had gotten into this situation again. The curandero began to massage my back and shoulders with probably the foulest smelling paste I’d ever encountered. He spoke incantations.
Miraculously, I exited that shack on my own — to the surprise of my friends awaiting me.
I cannot explain why this worked and why the drugs doctors gave me in Zihuatanejo didn’t. Some would say it was because I believed it would work, but nothing could be further from the truth. I had only agreed to the visit to appease my friends.
I was told to wear the smelly paste he’d rubbed on me for three more days before washing — a small price, I felt, for being pain-free.
My third visit with a curandero was at a temezcal in Playa Larga just outside Zihuatanejo with curandera Lupita Maldonado, well-known in the area for her Sunday gatherings. Like at sweat lodges north of the border, I experienced a lessening of my arthritic pain for two weeks following a session.
Magnet therapy practitioners Arturo Alberto Guzman Castro and Melba Felix Alejandra Conteras Vega.
My fourth experience was while visiting my friend Melba in the city of Morelia, Michoacán. Over coffee, I mentioned that my hands were becoming deformed from rheumatoid arthritis. She told me her parents healed with magnets. Intrigued, I let her make me an appointment for that same evening. I felt there was no downside in giving it a shot. To cause any harm at all, you would need a much more powerful magnet than they would use on me.
They put magnets on my arms, legs, stomach and more and murmured words I couldn’t quite hear. Melba’s father, Arturo, clicked my heels together at intervals, something reminiscent of what my chiropractor does in Canada. Melba’s mother, also named Melba, placed more magnets on my body as I drifted in and out of a dreamlike state.
After what I later learned was almost three hours, they removed the magnets, and I sat up. The strangest feeling of electricity flowed down my arms and legs, giving me a sense of lightness. Arturo and Melba explained what I could expect over the next 21 days, including lightness in my whole body.
They also correctly diagnosed the extreme stress I’d been under over the last few years and explained that much of my illness stemmed from that.
The last thing they said was that I would once again be able to play the guitar, a former hobby. Although the magnets wouldn’t reverse the deformities in my fingers, they would halt further deterioration, they said.
It’s only been a few days since treatment, but I close my fists easier than before and there’s far less pain. Is this a placebo? A cure? Only time will tell.
I’d encourage people to open their minds to curative powers of mind and body working in harmony — not as an alternative to modern medicine but perhaps as a complementary way to create health and well-being.
As rocker Steven Adler once said, “You can have all the riches and success in the world, but if you don’t have health, you have nothing.”
The writer divides her time between Canada and Zihuatanejo.
Train and track robberies increased 74% in 2021 to over 5,000 incidents, according to data from the Rail Transport Regulatory Agency (ARTF).
There were 2,570 train robberies last year and 2,548 incidents of track theft, the ARTF said in a rail security report.
Jalisco recorded the highest number of freight robberies with 381 cases, an increase of 11% compared to 2020. Sonora ranked second with 273, a 4% annual spike, followed by Guanajuato, where robberies surged 54% to 264. Rounding out the top five were Coahuila and Sinaloa with 245 and 136 robberies, respectively.
Incidents of train vandalism – a crime sometimes committed by thieves to aid their heist – were also up last year, increasing 43% to 10,142.
Mexico’s railway routes.
Carlos Barreda Westphal, a representative of wood products manufacturer Stella-Jones, told the newspaper Reforma that the increase in robberies is concerning given the impact the crime has on the economy. The government’s efforts to keep the prices of basic food items in check is made more difficult because those products are transported by rail, he said.
“Let’s not forget that the products stolen from trains find a ready outlet on the black market,” Barreda added.
He said that a shortage of and high demand for goods primarily moved by rail – among which are grains, auto parts, domestic appliances and minerals – as well as authorities’ failure to combat crime along Mexico’s rail network, appeared to be the main reasons behind the increase in robberies.
“Robbery of a train has been [classified as] a serious crime that warrants preventative prison for a couple of years, but if the authorities don’t investigate and arrest criminals [the classification] is useless,” Barreda said.
“Calculating the losses this causes companies is difficult,” he said, adding that track theft affects the operating costs of railways.
“The more pieces of the track they steal, the more expensive it is to operate because everything has to be replaced,” Barrera said.
The navy has nullified the invitation-only tendering processes for two railroads in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec trade corridor after deciding that the only acceptable bids it received were too high.
The navy invited bids for the rehabilitation of the railroad between Ixtepec, Oaxaca, and Ciudad Hidalgo, Chiapas, as well as tracks between Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, and Palenque, Chiapas.
The former project involves work on 459 kilometers of tracks as well as 12 stations. Nine stations, 87 bridges and 328 kilometers of tracks need work on the Coatzacoalcos-Palenque section, which will connect to the Maya Train railroad.
The navy invited five companies to on the work. They each submitted bids for four different contracts, meaning that the navy received a total of 20 proposals.
Twelve were disqualified due to technical deficiencies, including all of those submitted by Ferrosur, a railroad subsidiary of mining conglomerate Grupo México.
The eight other bids were deemed technically sound but too pricey. They were submitted by ICA; a consortium made up of Mota-Engil and Nexumrail; Construcciones Urales; and a consortium made up of Grupo INDI and RECSA. All those companies have Maya Train contracts.
The lowest technically sound bids for the four different contracts added up to just over 52.93 billion pesos (US $2.7 billion), a figure that the newspaper Reforma reported is 19% higher than the cost of sections 1, 2 and 3 of the Maya Train, which is currently under construction in Tabasco, Campeche, Yucatán, Quintana Roo and Chiapas.
Having rejected the bids, the navy is likely to negotiate directly with the companies in an attempt to get them to lower their prices, Reforma said. Launching new tendering processes is considered unlikely due to the length of time it would take.
The Ministry of the Navy has indicated that it wants the Ixtepec-Ciudad Hidalgo and Coatzacoalcos-Palenque railroads to be ready by January 2024. That target could be difficult to meet considering that a project to rehabilitate a 200-kilometer trans-isthmus section of railroad between Salina Cruz, Oaxaca, and Coatzacoalcos is only about 60% complete more than two years after the 3-billion-peso contract was awarded.
The Isthmus of Tehuantepec trade corridor project also includes upgrades to the ports in Salina Cruz and Coatzacoalcos and construction of a new trans-isthmus highway and 10 industrial parks.
President López Obrador announced just over a year ago that the navy would be given control of the corridor once it is completed. The trans-isthmus railroad is slated to begin operations this year but the modernization of the ports won’t be finished until 2023.