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In México state, unfinished hospitals abandoned, looted and forgotten

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This cancer hospital in Ecatepec was abandoned five years ago after the state spent 800 million pesos on it.
This cancer hospital in Ecatepec was abandoned five years ago after the state spent 800 million pesos on it.

México state resident Houdini González lost both his mother and his brother in September to illnesses he firmly believes they could have survived had they gotten hospital care in time.

“They became ill, and we were looking for a place where we could take them, but we didn’t find one. When we finally did find help, it was too late,” he said in an interview with the newspaper Milenio.

Ironically, the González family, who lives in the city of Chicoloapan, lives 10 minutes away from an unfinished hospital construction site that has been sitting idle for the last seven years. Adding insult to injury, the site is an eyesore, with years of accumulated dust, and has been stripped over time of the wiring the plumbing in its walls by thieves looking to sell the copper for salvage.

The hospital’s situation is not unique. It is one of 10 hospitals across the state that were started years ago by previous state administrations and never finished. According to Edgar Samuel Ríos, once a Chicoloapan mayoral candidate, the projects represented millions of pesos in investment.

Ríos says the projects have been handed off from administration to administration, with no one finishing them or complying with federal requirements that would give the state money to complete the buildings.

State lawmaker Karina Labastida recently told Milenio that 981 million pesos would be required to finish the abandoned hospitals.

Chicoloapan’s hospital was supposed to offer internal medicine, OB/GYN, pediatric, and psychological services, plus X-ray equipment and laboratories and 18 hospital beds. Meanwhile, the city of Tlalnepantla was supposed to get a hospital in the Caracoles neighborhood, one of the state’s most populous, but today, as in Chicoloapan, the promised hospital is an unfinished shell, with no assurances from anyone about when or if it will be completed.

“It means insufficient healthcare for the people who live in the community,” said Sergio Martínez Solís, a Caracoles resident.

In the city of Ecatepec, residents were supposed to get a cancer hospital. After officials spent 800 million pesos on the project, it has sat unfinished for five years.

A petition with 60,000 México state residents’ signatures has made its way to Governor Alfredo de Mazo, demanding that the government finish the hospitals, but as yet the government has made no commitments. In Chicoloapan, all that residents have managed to accomplish is to clean up the trash and debris on the site themselves.

For Houdini González, the issue goes beyond his own family’s tragedies. Healthcare is a civil right, he said.
“Everyone has the right to health,” he said. “With human beings, you don’t gamble.”

Source: Milenio (sp)

At 86.9%, death rate is high in Mexico for intubated Covid patients

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The percentage of intubated patients who die is much higher in Mexico than the US.
The percentage of intubated patients who die is much higher in Mexico than the US.

Almost nine in 10 coronavirus patients placed on ventilators at Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) hospitals have died, according to information obtained through a freedom of information request.

IMSS told the newspaper El Universal that 17,331 coronavirus patients had been intubated at its healthcare facilities up until the beginning of October. Of that number, 15,070 – or 86.9% – had died.

IMSS hospitals in Mexico City have recorded the highest number of deaths among intubated patients, with 2,810. The next highest number occurred in México state with 1,979; Veracruz with 964; Baja California with 849; and Jalisco with 621.

Deaths of intubated patients in those five states account for 48% of all fatalities among people placed on ventilators at hospitals run by IMSS, Mexico’s largest public healthcare provider.

Death rates among coronavirus patients intubated at hospitals in some parts of the United States were comparable to the IMSS rate early in the pandemic but have since decreased as doctors have learned more about Covid-19 and how to treat it. A study published in May by a group of doctors at Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta, Georgia, found that 35.7% of Covid-19 patients who required ventilators died.

Experts who spoke with El Universal say there are two main reasons why so many intubated patients are dying in Mexico.

One is the lack of medical personnel in intensive care wards and the other is that many patients are already seriously ill when they seek care at hospitals.

Alejandro Macías, an infectious disease doctor and member of the coronavirus commission at the National Autonomous University (UNAM), praised the federal government for quickly purchasing additional ventilators but pointed out that they are of little use if there aren’t sufficient health workers to monitor intubated patients.

“During the pandemic, intensive care beds were placed in extension areas of hospitals and that in itself can be a problem. It’s not a secret that Mexico has a lack of [critical care] specialists,” he said.

Gregorio Benítez, a medicine professor at UNAM, said that knowing how to use a ventilator goes beyond knowing how to intubate a patient. Therefore, the lives of intubated patients can be placed at risk if they are monitored by doctors who don’t have the training and experience required to operate them effectively.

“Ventilators are not medical equipment that just anyone knows how to use,” Benítez said.

Macías: patients need to go to the hospital sooner rather than later.
Macías: patients need to go to the hospital sooner rather than later.

“Even when the people in charge of intensive care have skill in intubating, [mechanical ventilation] doesn’t stop being risky because in the end [a ventilator] is an object that is foreign to the body. … It’s not just intubation [that doctors need to know how to do], it’s how to program the ventilator, how to adjust the … quantity of oxygen … and how to monitor the time between breaths, for example.”

Laurie Ann Ximénez-Fyvie, head of the Molecular Genetics Laboratory at UNAM, noted that many people sick with the coronavirus have waited until their symptoms are extremely serious before going to hospital. As a result, even intubation is unable to save many of them.

“A problem that the health system in Mexico has faced during the Covid-19 pandemic is that patients who require mechanical ventilation are arriving at hospital [in a] very serious [condition] with very low oxygen levels and when the probability of getting better is minimal,” Ximénez-Fyvie said.

“That [problem] is added to the lack of health personnel who are trained to attend to critical care beds.”

Macías said that as important as ventilators are, they are only one tool in the fight against the coronavirus.

“It’s not a matter of there being ventilators and magically everything is solved,” he said, adding that to give themselves a better chance of survival coronavirus patients need to go to hospital sooner rather than later.

“Unfortunately the majority of patients [who died] sought care very late. There are sick people without symptoms but with low oxygen levels. They don’t know that because they don’t have an oximeter and they don’t seek help until they feel really bad. That’s why every family should have an oximeter and check their [oxygen] levels frequently,” Macías said.

As a result, people will seek medical care sooner and there will be fewer Covid-19 deaths, he said.

The number of intubated patients who have died at IMSS hospitals accounts for about one-sixth of all officially-recorded Covid-19 fatalities in Mexico.

The official death toll currently stands at 87,415 after the Health Ministry registered 522 additional fatalities on Wednesday.

Mexico’s accumulated case tally rose to 867,559 with 6,845 new cases reported, the highest one-day increase since August 13 when 7,371 cases were registered.

Deputy Health Minister Hugo López-Gatell, Mexico’s coronavirus point man, said this week that there are “early signs” of a new wave of infections, noting that new case numbers, the positivity rate (the percentage of Covid-19 tests that come back positive) and the number of hospitalized coronavirus patients have all recently risen.

Source: El Universal (sp) 

Amazon announces US $100 million in investments

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Amazon's fulfillment center in Tepotzotlán, México state.
Amazon's fulfillment center in Tepotzotlán, México state.

Amazon announced a US $100-million expansion of its operations in Mexico that includes the opening of new fulfillment centers in Apodaca, Nuevo León, and  Tlajomulco, Jalisco, the first ones located outside the Mexico City area.

The company will also open a support building in the state of México as well as 12 new delivery stations throughout the country.

In total, the new buildings represent 69,000 square meters of construction, equivalent to a space larger than the Azteca Stadium in Mexico City.

The company said the expansion represents the creation of more than 1,500 direct and indirect jobs across Mexico. “The opening of these new buildings represents an opportunity to forge a career in Amazon México from day 1, having a wide variety of jobs and positions available with competitive salaries in the industry and comprehensive benefits, with the possibility of developing and achieving long-term growth,” the company said.

This will bring Amazon’s presence in Mexico to a total of five fulfillment centers, two support buildings, two sorting centers and 27 delivery stations. The company first began operations in Mexico in 2015 and inaugurated its third fulfillment center in Tepotzotlán, México state, in 2019.

Jalisco Governor Enrique Alfaro Ramírez said Amazon’s presence in the state will help small and medium-sized businesses adapt to new market demands and market their products through electronic channels faster and at a lower cost.

Source: Reuters (en), El Universal (sp)

New agreement with US allows Mexico to meet water obligations

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The Foreign Affairs Ministry's Velasco
The Foreign Affairs Ministry's Velasco explains the new water deal.

The federal government announced Thursday that it had reached an agreement with the United States to settle Mexico’s water debt to its northern neighbor.

Mexico and the United States have to send water to each other under the terms of a 1944 bilateral treaty but Mexico ended the previous five-year cycle of the treaty with a debt, and the current five-year cycle will end on Saturday.

As of late September, Mexico still had to send 289 million cubic meters of water to the United States, according to National Water Commission (Conagua) director Blanca Jiménez.

Roberto Velasco, head of the Foreign Ministry’s North America department, told President López Obrador’s morning press conference that Mexico will use water in dams on the Mexico-United States border to comply with its obligations under the treaty.

The government has been trying to divert water to the United States from dams in the state of Chihuahua but has faced ardent opposition from local farmers.

López Obrador said authorities in the United States understood the difficulties the government has faced and as a result allowed the diversion of water from the international dams, which isn’t usually permitted under the terms of the treaty.

“A very important agreement related to the water treaty we have with the United States was signed yesterday,” he said.

“I want to take the opportunity to thank the United States government for its understanding and solidarity; thanks to President Donald Trump and Secretary of State [Mike] Pompeo.”

López Obrador also said the United States made a commitment to provide drinking water to Mexico if it is required and that it would send additional water south of the border in the case of severe drought.

However, the Conagua chief said there is a plan to ensure ongoing water supply for 13 border cities despite the diversion of water from international dams.

Jiménez said that two international dams in Chihuahua and Coahuila will continue to supply water to border cities and that water will also be sourced from dams in Nuevo León and Tamaulipas.

Velasco said the agreement with the United States allows Mexico to settle its water debts using international dams and guarantees the supply of water for urban centers in the north of the country.

Source: El Financiero (sp) 

Weddings in Baja, Coahuila prove to be coronavirus hot spots

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A happy wedding party in Mexicali where 100 guests were infected.
A happy wedding party in Mexicali where 100 guests were infected.

Two weddings, one in Mexicali, Baja California, and the other in Torreón, Coahuila, have proven to be superspreader events. 

More than one-third of all guests tested positive for the coronavirus after attending an actor’s wedding in Mexicali, reported the Baja California Ministry of Health.

Health Minister Alonso Pérez Rico, said the celebration was held on October 3. Several days later attendees underwent coronavirus testing, with more than 100 coming back positive.

The wedding between soap opera actor Armando Torrea and Laura Pérez, daughter of a local businessman, took place in an events facility in the exclusive area of ​​San Pedro Residencial. Some 300 guests attended, including celebrities and local businesspeople.

Pérez said none of the preventive measures to avoid infection were respected. There was no use of face masks, temperatures were not checked and social distancing was ignored.

A video of the celebration shows musicians playing and people dancing on a crowded dance floor. 

Senior citizens are among the infected, Pérez said, but so far there have been no cases requiring hospitalization.

The party hall will be investigated by the State Commission for the Protection of Sanitary Risks for violating Mexicali restrictions, as groups of more than 50 are prohibited en Baja California. 

In Torreón, 90 of the 700 guests who attended an October 10 wedding in the exclusive Las Villas neighborhood have tested positive for the coronavirus. 

Like Baja California, events with over 50 guests are not permitted.

The Laguna region where Torreón is located is seeing an increase in Covid-19 infections, as all private hospitals are saturated. According to the state government, as of Wednesday there were 500 people hospitalized in the state, of which 210 were in Torreón, 100 more than a month ago.

Health officials have again asked residents to avoid social gatherings. 

Dr. Alberto Salas, of the group Doctors to the Front, expressed his concern about “excessive” social conviviality and asked the authorities to listen to scientists and wield a “firm hand” with the community.

“If in the next two weeks we do not stop all the social events — weddings, parties, gatherings — we will have serious problems,” he said.

Baja California has recorded 22,040 cases of the coronavirus and 3,733 people have died. In Coahuila, 30,772 cases have been registered, and 2,153 deaths.

Source: El Universal (sp)

Spanish energy firm Iberdrola threatens to halt further investment in Mexico

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Iberdrola president Sánchez said future plans will depend on the government's response.
Iberdrola president Sánchez said future plans will depend on the government's response.

The Spanish energy company Iberdrola has threatened to stop investing in Mexico if the federal government doesn’t provide clarity about the policies that will apply to foreign companies.

CEO Ignacio Sánchez Galán said Wednesday that Mexican authorities must make it clear whether they are open to foreign and private investment or not.

Speaking during a presentation of Iberdrola’s latest financial results, Sánchez said the firm’s future plans will depend on the government’s response.

“If it says that it doesn’t want foreign investors to invest, we won’t,” he said, adding that the company will continue to invest in Mexico if the government indicates that it will welcome foreign capital.

Sánchez noted that Iberdrola’s investments in Mexico are small in comparison with those in other countries. However, it announced last year that it would invest US $5 billion in Mexico between 2019 and 2024, resources that now appear at risk.

iberdrola

President López Obrador did nothing on Thursday morning to allay the company’s concerns. He said he understood that “the company disagrees with the new policy to rescue the Federal Electricity Commission and Pemex.” But the government will not yield, he said, because “we have to defend the public interest.”

Problems between the energy company, a huge producer of wind power, and the federal government began last year when the Federal Electricity Commission (CFE) announced that it would review the terms of natural gas contracts with private firms, including Iberdrola.

The firm said in June that it was canceling its US $1.2-billion combined-cycle plant in Tuxpan, Veracruz, because it was unable to reach a natural gas supply agreement with the state-owned CFE.

President López Obrador subsequently predicted that the government would reach an agreement with Iberdrola but that hasn’t happened.

Tuxpan Mayor Juan Antonio Aguilar Mancha said earlier this month that it was disappointing that the project wasn’t going ahead because it would have created a large number of jobs and generated a significant economic spillover in the area.

López Obrador says that he does welcome foreign investment but he is also committed to strengthening the CFE and Pemex, the state oil company.

Some policies enacted by his government have made it harder for foreign and private companies to enter into and operate in the energy industry, triggering criticism from business and some foreign government officials including United States ambassador to Mexico Christopher Landau.

The government has shown particular hostility to renewable energy companies, publishing a new policy in May that could effectively prevent the sector’s expansion in Mexico.

The attempts to clamp down on private investment in the energy sector are ongoing.

The Financial Times reported last week that it had seen documents that showed that the energy regulator CRE is implementing an appeal issued by López Obrador to regulators last month to ban new energy permits. The ban would cover everything from renewables generation to gas stations, the Times said.

The government’s rule changing energy policies have triggered a flood of injunction requests from both energy companies and environmental groups, some of which have been granted.

In addition, the Supreme Court suspended the Energy Ministry’s new energy policy in June, ruling that it violated the constitutionally enshrined principles of free competition because it placed a range of restrictions on the renewable sector including limits on the number of permits that can be issued for new wind and solar projects.

At a session on Wednesday, justices of the Supreme Court’s first chamber unanimously upheld the decision handed down by Justice Luis María Aguilar Morales in June, ruling that a challenge presented by the president’s office that sought to overturn the suspension was groundless.

The president said Thursday that a constitutional amendment was under consideration as a result, so as to protect the public interest in the development of natural resources.

Source: El Universal (sp) 

Court orders permanent halt to US $95-million Cancún hotel project

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Site of the proposed Hotel Riviera Cancún.
Site of the proposed Hotel Riviera Cancún.

Mexico’s Fifth District Court in Cancún has permanently dashed Riu Hotels & Resorts’ hopes to build a 530-room hotel in Cancún’s hotel zone.

The court ordered the Spanish hotel chain, which has been trying to build the hotel for the last five years despite opposition, to halt permanently the construction of the US $95.6-million Hotel Riviera Cancún, saying the company reneged on promises it made to upgrade wastewater treatment facilities at a cost of 60 million pesos.

The project had already been delayed since 2016, when a different court granted an injunction against further construction, based on concerns about the impact on an adjoining mangrove forest. The chain had intended to build the hotel with two 70-story towers in the Punta Nizuc area, off Boulevard Kukulcán. It would have been the fifth Riu property in the state of Quintana Roo.

“Riu has failed to comply with the agreement it made on October 9, 2015,” the judge’s recent ruling said. “as well those of various extensions authorized [in 2016].”

The judge also noted that Cancun’s three municipal wastewater treatment plants are at their limit and can’t handle the extra wastewater load the hotel would have generated, as determined by an environmental impact study the Environment Ministry did in 2015.

Earlier this year, the National Tourism Promotion Fund (Fonatur), which created Cancún as an affordable, sustainable vacation spot for Mexicans in 1974, weighed in more forcefully about its opposition. When Fonatur created Cancún as an Integrally Planned Center (CIP) — a government designation which has put Fonatur in charge of Cancún’s municipal facilities for the last 46 years — the plan was to have no more than 15,000 hotel rooms on Boulevard Kukulcán, Fonatur officials say. Currently, hotels on the boulevard have a total of 36,000.

“Fonatur is dead against over-densification of Cancún that doesn’t respect its original planning goals,” Fonatur’s legal director Alejandro Varela told the El Economista newspaper in February. “We believe that the number of rooms they are proposing far exceeds the capacity of services that Fonatur offers.”

Source: El Economista (sp)

Bakers are preparing special bread that accompanies Day of the Dead

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Bakers at work on "dead bread."
Bakers at work on "dead bread."

In late October, Eva Chapa sets up her stall at the market in San Gregorio Atlapulco, Mexico City, as she’s done for over 20 years now.

Her pan de muerto (bread of the dead) is spread out in front of her. Like many people selling the traditional Day of the Dead holiday bread in the market, she bakes hers in her small home kitchen, using recipes handed down for generations. The recipes, she emphasizes, “are only used for pan de muerto.”

Pan de muerto is only available at the end of October through November 2 and is an important offering on Day of the Dead altars.

Although using bread during Day of the Dead ceremonies is a Spanish tradition, making offerings to the dead has pre-Hispanic roots. The Aztecs feted Mictecacihuatl, their goddess of death, during the ninth month of their calendar (late July to early August) with human sacrifices in her honor. When the Spanish banned that practice, they introduced the tradition of offering bread and other foods to the dead.

There are usually three kinds of bread made for Day of the Dead.

Eva Chapa and her bread stand at a Mexico City market.
Eva Chapa and her bread stand at the market in San Gregorio.

Torta de muerto is probably the most familiar. Its round base represents a skull, the narrow strips on top, bones. This bread is often decorated with colored sprinkles or dusted with sugar. The gollete looks like a large donut and is covered with sugar that’s dyed red.

“This represents the craniums of sacrificial victims that were nailed to a wall called a tzompantli,” said Javier Márquez Juárez, a historian in San Gregorio. “There is one in Mixquic and in the Templo Mayor. The hole in the middle represents where they would put a small stick to hang the skull. The red sugar is their blood.”

The alamar is pretzel-shaped. According to Márquez, it mimics the designs found on the traditional clothing of a charro, a Mexican cowboy. Bakers in San Gregorio often make a fourth bread, not found anywhere else, called a pesuña. It’s shaped to look like a horse or cow hoof.

Although most of the vendors in San Gregorio’s market make their breads in small batches in home kitchens, larger bakeries can really crank it out.

Between October 24 and November 1, the Tecalco family bakery — located in a cramped back room of their home — only makes pan de muerto. “It is a family recipe,” says Ludwig Tecalco. “I learned how to make [this bread] from my grandparents.”

There’s a constant stream of people in and out of the bakery during those six days, and the fact that it goes through 4,400 pounds of flour and 20,000 eggs in just nine days attests to the bakery’s popularity. The room that houses the work table and oven is a model of frenetic efficiency. A typical day in the bakery starts at 6:00 a.m. The men line up around the work table, and each receives a mound of flour.

Preparing the dough at Tecalco Bakery.
Preparing the dough at Tecalco bakery.

“We do not use this flour for other breads,” said Ludwig Tecalco. “It has a different flavor.”

A bucketful of eggs is folded into the flour until it becomes a sticky mass. Then the real work begins. The workers energetically pound the dough for about an hour and a half, looking like boxers delivering blows to an opponent’s midsection. Sweat pours down their faces as they work.

The dough’s left to rise for two hours, shaped, and then sits for another hour and a half. Finally, the bread is put in the oven under the watchful eye of Javier Romero Gutiérrez.

“This is more art than science,” he said.

He turns the bread every few minutes to ensure even baking and after about 15 minutes, the bread’s a nice golden brown and ready to be taken out. Several customers sit along one wall, patiently waiting for their order. From start to finish, each batch takes about five hours.

Large bakeries like the Tecalcos’ use gas ovens, but most smaller ones prefer to use wood.

A market table stacked with Day of the Dead bread.
A market table stacked with Day of the Dead bread.

“We use a wood stove because it is more traditional,” said Violeta Guzmán, whose family bakes bread in Santa Ana Tlacotenco. “It gives the bread a better flavor.”

Although the shapes of the pan de muerto don’t vary between families and bakeries, each one has its own recipe. Some bakers add orange juice to the breads, others anise, vanilla, or nuts, and customers may ask for other special ingredients. Most of the breads are sweet.

Although markets in Mexico begin to fill up with stalls selling the holiday bread in late October, they pack up by the end of the day on November 2, when the breads disappear until next year.

“We only sell pan de muerto at this time of year because we respect the traditions of our ancestors,” said Agustín Melo.

Joseph Sorrentino is a regular contributor to Mexico News Daily.

Ex-attorney general says DEA wants revenge for agent’s death in 1985

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Ignacio Morales also suspects there may not be overwhelming evidence against Salvador Cienfuegos.
Ignacio Morales also suspects there may not be overwhelming evidence against Salvador Cienfuegos.

The arrest of former president Enrique Peña Nieto’s defense minister in the United States last week could be linked to the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration’s desire for revenge for the murder of one of its agents in Mexico, according to a former attorney general.

Speaking Tuesday at a virtual conference on the drug trafficking case against former army chief Salvador Cienfuegos, Ignacio Morales Lechuga, attorney general during the latter half of the 1988-94 government of former president Carlos Salinas, claimed that since the death of Enrique “Kiki” Camarena in 1985, the DEA has wanted revenge against the Mexican armed forces, especially the army.

His murder by the Guadalajara Cartel came after the army, acting on information from the DEA, destroyed a 1,000-hectare marijuana plantation in Chihuahua known as Rancho Bufálo.

Camarena, who was suspected of providing the information, was abducted in February 1985 before being tortured and killed at a Guadalajara property owned by the plantation’s owner, Rafael Caro Quintero, a drug lord and one of the DEA’s most wanted fugitives.

Morales said the DEA believed that the Mexican army was protecting Rancho Bufálo before its destruction. The agency consequently decided to partner with the navy rather than the army in operations in Mexico, he said.

The former attorney general said the relationship between the DEA and the army has remained tense as a result.

He also suggested that Cienfuegos, who was taken into custody at Los Angeles airport last Thursday, might have been arrested because United States authorities found “signs” that he was complicit with drug traffickers rather than having overwhelming evidence against him.

Morales charged that United States Attorney General William Barr, who served in the same position in the early 1990s, has a tendency to launch investigations based on less than conclusive “signs” of guilt.

“When I was attorney general, I met with the United States Attorney General, William Barr, the boss of the FBI, William Sessions, and the administrator of the DEA, Robert Bonner, and they asked me to extradite Manuel Bartlett, Enrique Álvarez del Castillo and Juan Arévalo, who they accused of being the intellectual authors of the murder of Camarena,” he said.

Bartlett, currently director of the Federal Electricity Commission, was federal interior minister at the time of Camarena’s death, Álvarez (now deceased) was the governor of Jalisco and Arévalo (also deceased) was federal defense minister.

Eyewitness accounts compiled by United States journalist Charles Bowden described Bartlett’s involvement in the decision to kidnap, torture and murder Camarena in order to put an end to his operation against the Guadalajara Cartel, with whom the then interior minister was allegedly in cahoots.

Cartel boss Quintero, left, and DEA agent Camarena.
Cartel boss Quintero, left, and DEA agent Camarena.

There have even been claims that Bartlett and Arévalo, as well as other politicians and law enforcement officials, were present when Camarena was tortured and killed.

However, when the U.S. officials asked him to extradite the officials in connection with the DEA agent’s death, “they had no proof,” Morales said yesterday.

Barr, who became President Donald Trump’s attorney general in February 2019, “is very given to putting together investigations with signs [of guilt], not with proof or evidence,” he said.

Blackberry messages intercepted by U.S. authorities that incriminate Cienfuegos, who is accused of colluding with the H-2 Cartel, are signs of guilt and not conclusive evidence, Morales charged. Such “signs” are often not supported, he added.

The former attorney general also noted that Humberto Álvarez Machain, a medical doctor who allegedly worked with the Guadalajara Cartel, was accused by U.S. prosecutors of involvement in the murder of Camarena but a judge determined that the prosecutors were lying and exonerated him.

“It was a paradigmatic case, I’m recounting it because everything – the character of the Attorney General William Barr, the attorney general of New York [where Cienfuegos was indicted], who is an ambitious attorney general, the DEA with all its accumulated historical grievances – … [is part of] the atmosphere that surrounds the trial of General Cienfuegos,” Morales said.

He charged that Cienfuegos was an “exceptional” defense minister, who among other achievements recruited a lot of women to the armed forces.

Morales also said the Mexican government should lodge a complaint with its United States counterpart over its interception of Cienfuegos’ telephone communications, which he said violated a 1992 bilateral agreement.

“In the Cienfuegos case, it has been said and repeated that the DEA has been spying on Mexican telephones, it’s been spying on everyone and the Mexican government cannot allow espionage in national territory because it’s an invasion of sovereignty.”

Meanwhile, a judge in Los Angeles refused to grant bail to the former defense minister at a hearing on Tuesday, ruling that Cienfuegos is a flight risk even though his lawyer said that he was willing to post a surety of US $750,000.

Source: El Universal (sp) 

We can’t eliminate all virus risks but at least we can minimize them

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mexico city crowds
Time for some risk reduction.

I’ve been thinking and reading a lot lately about how we both are and are not taking risks when it comes to Covid-19. In countries all over the world, mixed messaging seems to be the name of the game even though we’re now eight months into this thing.

I don’t know about you all, but I surely thought it would be over by now.

Unfortunately, our collective actions seem to be going directly against the possibility of that happening any time soon. On the one hand, people are understandably desperate. Humans are meant to live in communities and be around others on a regular basis.

We didn’t have an alternative way to do this when Covid-19 came along, and expecting everyone to behave as if they didn’t have social needs (or economic needs, for that matter) that must be met is not working as a strategy.

Speaking of strategy, do we actually have one?

Though many feel it’s too soon, tourists are being welcomed to Mexico, with very few limitations in place upon their arrival. On the other hand, the border has been closed to nonessential travel since March. Almost everything is open and desperate for business, governments apparently wanting the economy to magically spring back on its own without actually offering any support for it doing so.

With one winking eye, they encourage people to go out through allowing nonessential businesses to open, and settle a scolding, disapproving look with the other that says we should really still stay at home. What is it they want us to do, exactly?

Take Xalapa. Schools are still closed indefinitely. Restaurants, cafes, hair salons and everything else seems to be open, and they simply require you to rub gel on your hands and wear a mask to go inside. Except of course if you’re eating and drinking, in which case you obviously can’t wear a mask.

Movie theaters and malls are apparently open (I’ve heard, anyway; I haven’t gone myself to confirm in person), but the city’s downtown is frequently closed off without warning to traffic in order to prevent gatherings of too many people.

It’s easy to see how many wouldn’t be sure about how seriously to take the suggestions for lowering their risk. Even so, I don’t know anyone that hasn’t known at least one person who has died of Covid-19, and that’s got to worry even skeptics in the backs of their minds.

As several places in the U.S. and in Europe are experiencing the punishing crashes of second waves forcing them to go on lockdown yet again, Mexico seems to be slowly coming out of it in some places, and revving up for more in others. Will we see a second wave here as well? If we had one, would we even know it?

The low rate of testing and contact tracing already makes it hard to even get a clear picture of what’s happening. Maybe we’re in one right now and just don’t know it, or maybe we’ve had one huge extended wave since the beginning. Who’s to say?

So what are we to do? How are we to behave?

I read an excellent editorial in the New York Times a couple of days ago (Don’t Shame Your Neighbors by Annalee Newitz) suggesting that we should be treating the prevention of Covid-19 the same way we treated the AIDS epidemic: by accepting that people have social (and sexual) needs that simply can’t be denied, and launching a unified national message – y’all remember those? – regarding “best practices” of how people can protect themselves when engaging in normal human activities.

There’s no shaming anyone into voluntary solitary confinement any more than you can shame people into total abstinence. We’re humans, and it’s just not going to happen.

What we can do is teach people to be safer and take the kinds of precautions that will greatly reduce the chance of infection and spreading. You want to go to a restaurant? Fine. Try to make it outdoors, don’t sit too close to people not in your household, and try to keep your mask on as much as possible when you’re not eating or drinking.

You want to hang out with more than two people? Fine. Try to keep it under five, wear masks, and try to do it outside. You want your kids to play with some other kids to avoid both of you going crazy? Fine, but keep it a small group, preferably of people who’ve been taking fairly good precautions, and don’t be there too long. If you must be inside, try to make it a well-ventilated place where you can spread out. Keep your kids gelled up and disinfect everything before and after.

Instead of working to reduce risks, it seems many people are instead saying, “Well, I broke that one rule. I might as well keep going!” Not wearing masks sometimes turns into not wearing masks any time. Being in close quarters with two people not from one’s household turns into being in close quarters with 40 people not from one’s household.

This, in my humble opinion, is completely the wrong posture. Instead of thinking of risk as an either/or game (you’re either taking all the precautions or taking none of them), it would be more helpful to think of it as a point system. The more risks you take, the higher your points – and your probability of becoming infected and passing it on to others even if you don’t get sick – increases. Let’s keep it like golf: the lower the number, the better. Perfection is the enemy of good, and never a good goal anyway.

But we are forever optimistic, aren’t we? In Mexico, as well as in the U.S. and Canada, we’re not people who tend to expect the worst, but the best, even when the worst is what shows up time and time again. It’s useless to be a purist, folks, but my goodness, let’s at least try to keep our risk scores down a bit further.

Sarah DeVries writes from her home in Xalapa, Veracruz.