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Outrage over a narco wedding and grotesque opportunities

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Father of the bride, left, and the wedding couple.
Father of the bride, left, and the wedding couple.

My own outrage surprised me when I read about the daughter of El Chapo getting married in the Culiacán, Sinaloa, cathedral to the nephew of another well-known criminal.

The church was closed off with yellow tape and armed guards stood at the doors. Even her brother, Ovidio Guzmán, was in attendance, as I suppose he was in the mood to celebrate after his attempted arrest led to the eruption of the entire city and his quick release.

Talk about untouchable.

Many are offended by the sight of people they deem undeserving of receiving any kind of help or favors — take the myth of the Welfare Queen as Exhibit A (and beggars on the street as Exhibit B, for that matter). I personally am offended by people who already have every privilege they could possibly want being handed even more.

I can’t help but wonder if, in the face of rare public criticism, the cartel families will take a page from U.S. Republican politicians and B-level soccer players alike, falling down and pretending to be judged and persecuted victims.

“Don’t we have a right to celebrate, too?” I imagine them saying.

On second thought, they obviously don’t give much thought to public opinion, and why should they? They’re criminals and the ruling elite of Mexico, and they know very well that no one can do anything about it (or at least hasn’t been able to yet).

Because when you can hire your own military force, the option of the official state is to either go to war (we already know how the first attempt at that one turned out) or “go along to get along,” neither of which is a fine choice. (For an excellent analysis of how these criminal organizations get and hold power, have a look at this interview with author Ioan Grillo).

There’s a lot to be outraged about these days, and normally a social event would be fairly far down on my own personal list. But the fact that these families have the ability to close a church to the public — and that the church is apparently “very close” to the families — is just too much for me.

The story of Mexico — and perhaps the world right now — is of powerful, shameless people doing pretty much whatever they want and getting away with it. WHAT is happening? Is there any hope left for us?

AMLO took power promising a new strategy against narco gangs and their recruitment schemes. Criminal gangs prey on kids with pretty much no hope of ever “making it” in life, which is easy to do when there are so few real opportunities to get ahead in an honest way.

After all, why go through all the trouble of getting an education and competing for a job that’s only going to pay you 6,000 a month working some of the highest number of hours in OECD countries anyway?

Our continuing failure to change this in any fundamental way can’t, of course, be blamed solely on the president, who inherited this issue. And I agree that improving the economy and society in general is a major key to reducing the gangs’ power. But while we work on that we need a military strategy, too.

How do narcos keep their power? Money and guns, and to a large extent by presenting a kind of grotesque opportunity and benefits to those who have little through legal means.

As Grillo says, we need three things to reduce the power of criminal gangs: drug policy reform (in the United States as well), fighting “for the hearts and minds of young people who are recruited into cartels,” and building trustworthy and effective police forces. We may not be able to do too much about U.S. drug policy, but can definitely make some dents in the other two with money, of which Mexico has plenty.

It’s time to offer real opportunities and decent compensation for honest work — including police work. Until we do, the cartels will continue along their terrible path of constant regeneration and unchallenged rule.

Sarah DeVries writes from her home in Xalapa, Veracruz.

9 states resist new health service; AMLO welcomes the competition

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National Action Party governors and the president agreed on a group photo but little more.
National Action Party governors and the president agreed on a group photo but little more.

Nine states that continue to hold out against inclusion in the federal government’s new universal healthcare scheme will have to provide their own programs and they will be in competition with the federal service, President López Obrador said on Wednesday.

Speaking at his regular news conference, López Obrador said that it will be up to citizens to decide who provides the better service.

“Competition is good, it’s part of democracy. We shouldn’t be alarmed by it,” he said.

The president’s remarks came after Health Undersecretary Hugo López-Gatell announced on Tuesday that Aguascalientes, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas have not agreed to allow the National Institute of Health for Well-Being (Insabi) to provide healthcare services to people with no other insurance.

Tasked with providing free medical care to millions of Mexicans who previously qualified for the disbanded Seguro Popular scheme, the new department started operations on January 1 but was plagued with confusion during its first month of operation. Both patients and medical personnel have expressed uncertainty about how the program actually works.

López-Gatell said that five of the states that haven’t signed on to the Insabi scheme – Aguascalientes, Baja California Sur, Guanajuato, Jalisco and Nuevo León – don’t have any hospitals run by IMSS Bienestar, a Mexican Social Security Institute service that provides primary and secondary healthcare services to people who live in rural areas and low-income urban neighborhoods.

As a result, the federal government will have no way of guaranteeing free medical care and medicines to the residents of those states.

“. . .There will be no federal government participation. They [the five states without IMSS Bienestar] will have to provide [medical] services and medicines to their residents,” López-Gatell said.

Later Tuesday, López Obrador met with Mexico’s nine National Action Party (PAN) governors, among them five who have not agreed to the operation of Insabi.

However, the president was unable to convince the dissenters to sign on to the scheme over lunch even though the governors had reached a preliminary agreement with Health Secretary Jorge Alcocer last Friday that was expected to be ratified at the meal.

“It was a good meeting, a respectful one, but also very frank,” López Obrador told reporters Wednesday morning.

“They suggested that there could be partial agreements. We maintain that this would lead to there being no responsible authority. In other words, it wouldn’t be known who is doing their duties and who isn’t – half measures aren’t good,” he said.

Aguascalientes Governor Martín Orozco, who is also the current president of the PAN governors association, told reporters after Tuesday’s meeting that the state leaders who have not signed on to the Insabi scheme were now awaiting a “counterproposal” from the federal government

“We’ll have to see the details. . .they present to us,” he said, adding that he expected that to happen in coming days.

Orozco said that the main sticking point precluding agreement between the federal government and the states was that the latter want services provided by Insabi to become free for qualifying patients over time rather than straight away.

Insabi currently guarantees free care at primary and secondary public healthcare facilities, but not at specialist, tertiary hospitals. However, Undersecretary López-Gatell said Tuesday that all of Mexico’s 23 national health institutes, which provide specialist medical services, have committed to offering free care to Insabi patients from December 1.

Another disagreement between the governors and López Obrador was over how federal funding will be allocated to the states, whether they have consented to Insabi or not.

The president said this morning that states that haven’t signed on to the federal universal healthcare scheme won’t be financially penalized, adding that he instructed Insabi on Tuesday to release funds to them.

Source: El Universal (sp), Reforma (sp) 

Hugging the coast, literally, at Ensenada, Baja California

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A new attraction in Ensenada.
A new attraction in Ensenada.

For those seeking adrenaline-fueled adventures to round out their beach holidays, tour operators in Ensenada, Baja California, have begun to offer a new ecotourism activity that has visitors rappelling down oceanside cliffs and plunging into turquoise tide pools.

Similar to canyoning, “coasteering” first arose as a guided tourism activity on the rocky coastline of Pembrokeshire, Wales, in the 1990s. Ensenada is the first and only place to offer it in Mexico.

Baja California Tourism Undersecretary Ivette Casillas said the activity is currently not even offered in the United States.

The four-hour tour takes place in Ensenada’s Bahía del Papalote, where emerald waters crash against the craggy coastline and form crystalline tide pools among the rocks.

It consists of two rappelling sections and a bit of swimming. The first rappel descends a 25-meter cliff for which participants must take that first heart-stopping step backwards over the edge of the rock face and manage their way down in the traditional method, by using their feet to guide them along the precipice.

After a short hike through the rugged terrain, the second rappel is a bit more like a zipline than the first descent. At 35 meters it’s taller, but easier to manage, as guides control the coasteerer’s fall with climbing ropes to a small rocky island among the waves.

The last leg of the tour is a 20-meter swim through the refreshing waters of the tide pool formed by the cliffs and the island of stone.

The best time of year to go coasteering in Ensenada is in the summer, when the waters are warm. There are wetsuits available for the chilly waters of winter.

The coasteering tour is offered by Baja Excursions (website in Spanish) and costs 950 pesos (US $51) per person. Participants must be at least 8 years old.

The tour can be combined with a kayaking excursion to La Bufadora, a natural “chimney” in the coastal cliffs from which white water sprays 30 meters into the air when the waves crash into it.

Source: El Universal (sp)

Mexico-US trade breaks record at US $614.5 billion, up 0.5%

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mexico-us trade

Two-way trade between Mexico and the United States reached an all-time high of US $614.5 billion in 2019, the U.S. Department of Commerce reported on Wednesday.

Mexico’s exports to its northern neighbor totaled a record $358.13 billion last year, a 3.5% increase compared to 2018. Meanwhile, imports from the United States declined 3.4% to $256.37 billion.

The combined value of the commercial exchange between the two countries was 0.5% higher than that recorded in 2018. The balance of trade showed a record surplus of $101.75 billion in Mexico’s favor, 26.2% higher than the 2018 surplus.

Data from the Department of Commerce also showed that Mexico is now the United States’ largest trading partner, having moved past both China and Canada. Trade between the two countries accounted for 14.8% of the U.S.’ total international trade last year.

Canada was the second biggest trade partner of the United States followed by China, Japan, Germany and South Korea.

China’s share of trade with the world’s largest economy took a hit as a result of the trade war between Washington and Beijing, which has helped Mexico increase its exports to its northern neighbor.

The record trade between Mexico and the United States last year came despite continuing uncertainty surrounding the new North American trade agreement and threats from U.S. President Donald Trump to impose blanket tariffs on Mexican imports if the Mexican government didn’t do more to stop the arrival of migrants on the two countries’ shared border.

Mexico, the United States and Canada finally signed a modified version of the USMCA in December while President López Obrador, who is determined to maintain harmonious relations with the U.S., averted the tariff threat by agreeing to deploy the National Guard to increase enforcement against migrants.

Source: El Financiero (sp) 

Long weekends may be history if AMLO has his way

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For many, a long weekend means a holiday at the beach.
For many, a long weekend means a holiday at the beach.

The long weekends cherished by Mexico’s schoolchildren and workforce are secondary to historical accuracy, as far as the president is concerned.

President López Obrador announced that he will propose a reform at the end of the current school year to eliminate the long weekends known as puentes (bridges) in order to better honor the country’s history.

His proposal will aim to move federal holidays that commemorate historical events to coincide with the actual dates on which they took place, rather than giving the public a day off work and school on the closest Monday or Friday.

“The commemoration of independence will be on the actual day, and the same for November 20, the anniversary of the Revolution,” he said at the celebration of the 103rd anniversary of the promulgation of the Constitution of 1917 in Querétaro.

“I know that it will create controversy, but those who don’t know where they come from don’t know where they’re going.”

“The constitution of 1917 enshrines the desires of the Mexican people who fought for democracy, liberty and justice. It’s very unfortunate that in recent years people have forgotten these historical dates. Schoolchildren, even in secondary school, talk of puentes, but not of the reason they’re not attending school on Friday or Monday — as has just happened,” he said.

“It turns out that no one remembers that the constitution was proclaimed on this day, the 5th of February.”

Former president Felipe Calderón criticized the announcement on Twitter, arguing that the long weekends have a socioeconomic importance that outshines historical accuracy.

“It’s a grave error returning the days off to the historical dates. For many families, the long weekends are the only opportunity to take a vacation. Without them, hundreds of tourist areas won’t have activity or employment,” he said.

Source: Reforma (sp), Milenio (sp)

Three vehicles pulverized by Oaxaca landslide; 6 people hurt

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One of the cars that was crushed by the slide in Oaxaca.
One of the cars that was crushed by the slide in Oaxaca.

A landslide on the Oaxaca-Mexico City highway left six people injured and the roadway closed for several hours on Monday night.

Three vehicles were crushed when a retaining wall broke and part of the mountainside fell onto the highway 47 kilometers southeast of Tehuacán, on the Oaxaca side of the state line, at around 10:00pm.

One of the vehicles was overturned completely and one of the victims was reported to be in critical condition due to several serious injuries.

Federal Police and Red Cross paramedics were the first on the scene. They rushed the injured motorists to hospitals in Tehuacán while personnel from the Federal Highways and Bridges Agency (Capufe) worked to clear the road.

The National Guard was also called to the scene to redirect traffic via the Tehuacán-Huajuapan de León highway. The main highway was closed to traffic for five to six hours while the debris was removed.

Sources: Milenio (sp), El Sol de Puebla (sp)

Farmers clash with National Guard over diversion of dam’s water to US

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The Boquilla dam in Chihuahua.
The Boquilla dam in Chihuahua.

More than 3,000 farmers and residents of four Chihuahua municipalities clashed with the National Guard on Tuesday over the federal government’s plan to divert water from a dam in the northern border state to the Rio Grande for the use of the United States.

The newspaper Milenio reported that protesters from Camargo, La Cruz, Delicias and San Francisco de Conchos confronted the guardsmen with the aim of removing them from the La Boquilla Dam, located on the Conchos River about 200 kilometers south of Chihuahua city.

The National Water Commission (Conagua) intends to open the sluices of the dam to divert hundreds of millions of cubic meters of water to the Rio Grande in order to comply with the 1944 bilateral water treaty between Mexico and the United States.

Mexico has a 220-million-cubic-meter “water debt” to its northern neighbor, Milenio reported. Chihuahua farmers say that the massive diversion planned by Conagua will leave them with insufficient water.

The National Guard and the army were deployed to La Boquilla last month after protesters broke into the dam on January 10.

Conagua said in a statement that it requested the intervention of the federal security forces to safeguard its operations. The incorrect use of the sluices and other dam equipment could pose a risk to the safety of residents, the water commission said.

The National Guard, however, wasn’t able to contain a large group of disgruntled farmers and residents who managed to break through their defenses during Tuesday’s confrontation.

The newspaper La Jornada reported that approximately 500 farmers entered the fenced-off dam precinct and pledged to remain at La Boquilla until Conagua guarantees that no water will be diverted from the dam.

However, on Wednesday morning guardsmen took back the dam without incident.

San Francisco de Conchos Mayor Jaime Ramírez, one of several municipal and state politicians who supported the protest, claimed that Conagua has plans to divert one billion cubic meters of water from Chihuahua, which he said would have a devastating impact on the state.

Tuesday’s protest, confrontation and occupation of the dam came after a farmers’ association in Camargo called for La Boquilla to be seized from authorities in order to prevent the “robbery of farmers’ assets.”

Farmers occupy the dam on Tuesday.
Farmers occupy the dam on Tuesday.

Also on Tuesday, farmers from Delicias blocked railway tracks and lanes running in both directions on federal highway 45 near the community of Cárdenas. They continued to maintain the blockade on Wednesday but passenger vehicles and buses were being allowed to pass. Only transport trucks were being detained.

The plan to divert water from La Boquilla “affects all of us,” Samuel García, one of the protesting farmers, told La Jornada.

“. . .the dam can’t be diverted. It’s [only] at 65% of capacity and [water for] this year’s agricultural cycle is not guaranteed,” he said.

Luis Aguilar, a National Action Party (PAN) lawmaker in Chihuahua, declared that the federal government is “committing an abuse” against the state and warned that the National Guard could remove the protesters and open the sluices of the dam “by force.”

“. . . during the campaign, we heard the now-President López Obrador saying that the poor come first but he wants to take a billion cubic meters [of water] from the La Boquilla dam to give it to businessmen in Tamaulipas and Nuevo León,” he said, claiming that it won’t just be agriculturalists in the southern United States who will benefit from the planed water diversion.

The president’s “discourse has changed,” Aguilar said. “Now the rich come first.”

For his part, Chihuahua Governor Javier Corral Jurado said that his government will do all it can to stop the diversion of water from La Boquilla and other dams in the state.

“I have to be very clear and very blunt: we’re going to support the farmers of Chihuahua, we’re going to fight for [their] rights. . . and on that, the president has agreed with me,” he said.

The PAN governor said that he expressed his concern to López Obrador about Conagua’s “unilateral” decision to divert water from Chihuahua dams to settle the water debt with the United States.

“I asked him to review the decision because the same objective can be achieved without opening the dams,” Corral said.

Source: Milenio (sp), La Jornada (sp) 

Eco-cleanup to restore Lake Pátzcuaro to its former splendor: mayor

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The lake can be saved, says mayor of Pátzcuaro.
The lake can be saved, says mayor of Pátzcuaro.

Four Michoacán municipalities are working together to restore Lake Pátzcuaro to its former splendor, says Pátzcuaro Mayor Víctor Manuel Báez Ceja.

In an interview with the newspaper El Universal, Báez said that the municipalities that surround the lake – Pátzcuaro, Erongarícuaro, Quiroga and Tzintzuntzan – are collaborating on a comprehensive restoration plan for the body of water, which is polluted and has below-optimal water levels.

“We don’t have the economic capacity to do the work alone, that’s why our plan is to do things in a team,” the mayor said, adding that the federal and state governments and environmental organizations will also contribute to the cleanup efforts.

“. . .Lake Pátzcuaro can be saved and that’s why a range of joint actions are being carried out in favor of the environment. . .” Báez said.

He added that it is likely that the federal government’s tree-planting employment program, Sembrando Vida (Sowing Life), will extend to the Lake Pátzcuaro basin in coming months. The program would benefit 10,000 hectares of land and contribute to a “comprehensive recovery of the whole lake,” Báez said.

Mayor Báez says excessive logging has led to contamination.
Mayor Báez says excessive logging has led to contamination.

Asked to identify the challenges faced by authorities to restore the lake, the mayor cited “excessive logging” that was carried out for several years as one of the biggest problems.

As a result large amounts of sediment flow into the lake when it rains, Báez said, adding that the body of water is not as deep as it once was because “earth, trash [and] plastic bags” have all found their way into it.

Water lilies are also a “very big problem,” he said.

Turning to the specific efforts of the Pátzcuaro municipal council, Báez said that a range of infrastructure projects have been completed in the last four years that benefit the health of both residents and the lake.

“For example, a project was carried out in the entire historic center to renovate and restore all the drains that were obsolete. It was a health issue because sewage mixed with rainwater,” he said.

“. . . Furthermore, to avoid the pollution of the lake, we’ve been building sewers in the entire municipality. . .” Báez added.

The mayor also highlighted that Pátzcuaro was the first municipality in Michoacán and the first of Mexico’s “magical towns” — as a select group of historical/cultural tourism destinations are designated — to ban single-use plastic products such as bags and straws.

Asked to outline the goals of the lake restoration plan, Báez responded:

“If the lake recovers its splendor, we’ll have more visitors, the craftspeople will make bigger profits, the islands will have greater development and those who emigrated will want to come back.”

The mayor added that a cleaner lake would allow the reintroduction of the achoque, or Lake Pátzcuaro salamander, and whitefish, both of which are currently bred in captivity.

“We live in a privileged land, we want to share it by promoting sustainable tourism. . .” Báez concluded.

Source: El Universal (sp) 

Huejotzingo Carnival a uniquely poblano blast from the past

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Huejotzingo turns into a battleground during carnival.
Huejotzingo turns into a battleground during carnival.

Gunpowder may be heavily regulated in Mexico, but it still plays an explosive role in certain surviving traditions, often to the surprise of visitors from North America and Europe.

Such is the case at the Carnival of Huejotzingo, Puebla, which this year will be held from February 22-25. It is unique in Mexico in that it neither copies the carnivals of other countries nor features local dance. Instead, the main attraction is the mock battles very loosely based on the Battle of Puebla — the theme of the Cinco de Mayo holiday.

May 5 may not have prominence in Mexico as a whole but this date, and the battle, are very important to poblano identity.

While remembering the battle is important, this is a carnival after all so merriment still rules. The reenactments and costumes only vaguely resemble what went on that historic day.

The Huejotzingo event is the largest of Mexico’s “small” traditional carnivals — those that survived the suppression of the celebration during the colonial period. Although carnival in some form dates back farther, this version was begun in 1868, only six years after the battle.

Fake guns, real smoke during a battle in Huejotzingo.
Fake guns, real gunsmoke during a battle in Huejotzingo.

Up to 12,000 of the town’s residents wear costumes, most to form the 17 battalions belonging to five groups. Three represent the French and their mercenary Turks (called Zuavos, Zapadores and Turcos) and two the Mexican defenders of Puebla (called Zacapoaxtlas and Indios Serranos). For three days the battle is reenacted, ending at dusk on the third day.

What grabs the attention of the over 80,000 visitors that come to Huejotzingo is the use of hand carved wooden muskets. Bullets are absent, but the gunpowder is completely real. It is not only fired off during the battles during the three days, but all day, as “soldiers” parade around constantly firing off “shots.” This means that for the entire time the air in and around the main plaza is thick with smoke and the smell of sulfur. Such firing of muskets is only done by participating townspeople but serious injury, especially to the hands, has been known to occur.

The costumes worn are either made by the participants themselves or by local craftsmen. It consists of a complete outfit, headgear, a wooden mask and a musket. These costumes are not cheap, generally ranging in value from 10,000 to 30,000 pesos (US $500 to $1,500). The most luxurious of the costumes is that of the Zacapoaxtlas.

Even children get into the act, with costumes and muskets of their own, sans the gunpowder, of course. Masks and even whole outfits are available to purchase at the carnival for both participants and spectators.

Each of the five categories of soldiers is headed by a generalísimo (high general), a role that was specifically reserved for men until 2013, when all five were headed by women.

There are two other reenactments performed during this carnival. One is the gidnapping of the mayor’s daughter, a kind of Romeo-and-Juliet-meets-Robin-Hood story. A local highway robber named Agustín Lorenzo and the mayor’s daughter fall in love and in order to marry she must be captured by Lorenzo and the couple escape the town’s posse.

Another is an imagined reenactment of the first Christian wedding of an indigenous couple shortly after the conquest. The kidnapping is performed every day of carnival, but the wedding is performed only on Sunday, Monday and Tuesday.

Unfortunately, there is no official schedule and each day is a bit different. The various events, which include more than battles, horse chases and weddings, wait in turn for the one before to finish. These events, large and small, go on nearly from daybreak to dusk with most occurring after midday.

Huejotzingo is a traditional rural community. Most of its 25,000 residents are dedicated to agriculture, manual labor and handcrafts. The town is noted for its apples, and particularly for the production of an alcoholic cider. It is home to a 16th-century monastery, part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site, but this remains severely damaged from the earthquake of 2017.

Because of significant migration from Huejotzingo and other rural areas of Puebla, versions of the event have popped up in various places in the United States, especially in the mid-Atlantic seaboard states of New York, New Jersey and Delaware, but also in Texas. This year’s New York edition of the Huejotzingo carnival will be held in Times Square.

Mexico News Daily

Governor criticizes attempt to curb Cancún development

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Governor Joaquín: projects comply with the law.
Governor Joaquín: projects comply with the law.

Quintana Roo Governor Carlos Joaquín González has spoken out against the bid made by the National Tourism Promotion Fund (Fonatur) to relocate two developments planned for the Cancún hotel zone.

Fonatur chief Rogelio Jiménez Pons said Monday that the tourism fund has offered land in alternative locations to the developers of the 3,000-room Grand Island mega-hotel and the 500-room Riu Riviera Cancún in an attempt to persuade them to move their projects.

Cancún doesn’t have the capacity to provide the services they would require, such as water and drainage, Jiménez said.

For his part, Joaquín said that asking the developers of the two hotels not to go ahead with their projects in Cancún represented a threat to legal certainty, which he asserted is essential to attracting new investment.

Both the Grand Island and Riviera Cancún projects have been authorized by departments of the current federal government, he said. Therefore, Fonatur has no legal basis on which to ask them to relocate, the governor charged.

“They comply with what the law asks for today. . . They’re not going against the law, quite the opposite. . .” Joaquín said. “We’ll have to speak with Fonatur about the situation. . .”

The governor stressed that the Riu project went through a long legal process to gain approval after a judge halted the project in 2016 due to environmental concerns.

“Respect for the law and respect of legal certainty must be put first in Quintana Roo,” Joaquín said.

Quintana Roo Tourism Secretary Marisol Vanegas also stressed that “there is no [legal] impediment” to the completion of the Grand Island and Riviera Cancún projects although she acknowledged that Fonatur’s concern about overdevelopment is “legitimate.”

Authorities will be forced to think about how growth in the tourism sector can be maintained while ensuring that the infrastructure required by visitors keeps up, she said.

Source: El Economista (sp)