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Fit to be fried: Avocado fries

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Avocado fries are an excellent option to offer your guests. (The Cookie Rookie)

I’d had my only experience with avocado fries two years earlier at a trendy Mexican eatery in Boulder, Colorado, where I visited my daughter and her family. Unsure about whether to order them, we asked the waiter, who gushed that they were his favorite thing on the menu. We decided to share some as an appetizer and then spent the rest of the meal wishing we’d ordered our own. We found it hard to be polite as we gobbled the luscious, creamy slices of delicate, tender, breaded avocado. 

Fast forward to the present: the not-quite-ripe avocados sitting in a basket on my counter suddenly reminded me of that delightful culinary experience. After searching exhaustively online, I settled on this recipe as the best one. Easy and quick—especially if you have an air fryer—you most likely have all the ingredients needed in your kitchen cupboards. You might need some avocados, but they’re easily found. This recipe uses an interesting method for breading: panko crumbs are mixed with a bit of olive oil to make them bind better to the avocado and to make the breading just a tad crispier. It’s a simple step that makes a big difference in the finished fries.

Avocado Fries are great as a snack or served alongside any kind of burger or sandwich. (The recipe cric)

Two things to watch out for with this recipe: First, the avocados shouldn’t be soft enough to make into guacamole—they need to be tender but still firm. You want the slices to hold their shape. (But not be rock hard.)

The other tricky thing is that you want to cook the avocado slices as quickly as possible and then eat them immediately. Otherwise, the avocado gets bitter, and while the texture will still be lovely, the cloying bitterness is not. (Some people may not notice this, but I definitely do.)

Avocado Fries are great as a snack or served alongside any kind of burger or sandwich. You could even add them to your burger for a crispy, creamy sensation in the midst of everything else that’s going on in the middle of the bun. ¡Provecho!

Avocado Fries

  • 1 cup panko crumbs
  • 1 tsp. salt
  • 2 Tbsp. extra-virgin olive oil
  • 1 large egg, lightly beaten
  • 3 medium ripe but firm avocados 
  • Optional:1 Tbsp. Tajín, ½ tsp. garlic powder
  • For serving: Chipotle mayonnaise, ranch dressing, hot sauce or other dipping sauce 
Dip each avocado slice in the beaten egg to coat, then into the panko mixture. (Photo GimmeDelicious)

In a medium bowl, lightly crush the panko with your hands until the crumbs break into an almost sandy texture. Stir in Tajín or garlic powder, if using, and salt. Drizzle in olive oil, mixing well to combine.

Halve and pit the avocados, then lay them, flat side down, on a cutting board. Gently pull the peel back and discard. Slice each avocado lengthwise into 8 pieces. 

Dip each avocado slice in the beaten egg to coat, then into the panko mixture. Turn and gently toss to coat well. Transfer to a platter or back to the cutting board and repeat with remaining avocado slices.

Preheat air fryer to 350F (175C) on the air fry setting. Place 8 avocado slices into the air fryer basket and cook, flipping halfway through, until the fries are crisp and golden brown all over, about 8 minutes. Repeat with remaining avocado slices. Serve immediately, with dipping sauces if desired.

To make in the oven or regular toaster oven, preheat oven to 425F (220C) with oven rack in middle position. Cover baking sheet with foil for easy cleanup, then place coated avocado slices on pan. Bake about 9 minutes, flip, then bake another 9 minutes more until crisp and golden brown. Serve immediately. 

Janet Blaser is the author of the best-selling book, Why We Left: An Anthology of American Women Expats, featured on CNBC and MarketWatch. She has lived in Mexico since 2006. You can find her on Facebook.

Museo Soumaya: A cultural and architectural treasure of Mexico

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The building has become an iconic landmark, predominantly recognizable for its unique and glistening honeycomb façade. (Unsplash)

Carlos Slim Helú was born in Mexico City in 1940, the fifth of six children to Lebanese immigrants who ran successful small businesses in Mexico City. When Carlos was 24, he accompanied his mother to visit their neighbors and met the love of his life, 15-year-old Soumaya Domit Gemayel, also of Lebanese origin. They married two years later, had six children, and built their business empire Grupo Carso, a name derived from the first letters of both their names: Carlos and Soumaya.

Unfortunately, Soumaya had been battling kidney disease and despite having had a kidney transplant, Soumaya died in 1999. Carlos Slim opened Museo Soumaya at Plaza Carso in 2011 as a monument in her honor to share their private art collection with the world in line with her philanthropic principles.

Museo Soumaya is a true titan in preserving and displaying world art history and masterpieces spanning 30 centuries. This private museum houses an astounding 70,000 works of art by Monet, Picasso, Degas, Van Gogh, Salvador Dali, Degas, Renoir, Matisse, Leonora Carrington, Rodin, Botticelli, Michelangelo, Diego Rivera, Rufino Tamayo, David Alfaro Siqueiros, Miró, El Greco, and many other timeless masters.

Inaugurated in 2011, the building has become an iconic landmark, predominantly recognizable for its unique and glistening honeycomb façade. Built by Carlos Slim’s son-in-law, Mexican architect Fernando Romero, the building is a shiny asymmetric structure inspired by Rodin sculptures. Rising 150 feet high and covered by 16,000 hexagonal aluminum tiles, it is designed as a rotating rhomboid, with the only visible opening being its entrance. 

On the inside, the museum is divided into 6 gallery floors seamlessly connected by a surrounding walkway. The recommended way to enjoy this astounding museum is by taking the elevator to the top floor and walking down the spiral ramp comfortably.

Top floor at Museo Soumaya. (Photo Fundación Carlos Slim)

The collection is a remarkable blend of diverse artworks, encompassing pieces from various periods and artists and predominantly featuring Mexican art from the 19th and 20th centuries and European art from the 15th to the 20th centuries. It also displays the world’s most extensive assortment of pre-Hispanic and colonial coins and a vast array of letters, historical manuscripts, and religious artifacts. 

Furthermore, the museum prominently displays the most extensive collection of sculptures by Auguste Rodin outside of France, including his iconic masterpieces, “The Thinker” and “The Gates of Hell.”

Museo Soumaya offers one of the world’s most significant private art collections, encompassing over thirty centuries of artistic expression. Visitors experience a treasure trove of Western art featuring renowned masterpieces by recognized artists and anonymous creators whose contributions have shaped art history. 

Spanning an impressive 30 centuries of artistic evolution and widely recognized as one of its most comprehensive and diverse collections, the museum boasts archaeological relics spanning the pre-classic, classic, and postclassic Mesoamerican periods, alongside exquisite Asian ivory artifacts. The collection is a testament to the breadth of human creativity, including a substantial assembly of European Avant-garde works and the remarkable personal collection of Lebanese-American writer, poet, and visual artist Khalil Gibran. 

The museum also houses a captivating collection of European and Novohispanic artworks created by luminaries such as El Greco, Artemisia Gentileschi, and Peter Paul Rubens, and a splendid journey through Impressionist works extending to the avant-garde movement, featuring masterpieces by renowned artists like Monet, Van Gogh, and Joan Miro, and sculptures by Salvador Dalí. Museo Soumaya displays the only works by Vincent Van Gogh in Mexico. It also houses works by the Mexican masters José María Velasco, Agustín Arrieta, Dr. Atl, Diego Rivera, José Clemente Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros, among others.

This assemblage artfully revives Mexican plastic arts from the New Spanish Old Masters, the 19th-century Mexican art scene, and the era of Independent Mexico. Beyond paintings and sculptures, Museo Soumaya also invites visitors to explore numismatics, textiles, applied arts, an extensive photographic compilation, and the historical archives of the Galas de México printing press.

The first floor recently revealed two new acquisitions, exact replicas of Pieta and David by Michelangelo Buonarroti, the most famous sculptures of the Renaissance. Created on a 1:1 scale to the originals, the sculptures in Museo Soumaya were chiseled by a group of highly skilled Italian sculptors from a single piece of veinless marble sourced from the same Carrara quarry in the Tuscany region of Italy used by Michelangelo.

Museo Soumaya represents a colossal endeavor driven by Carlos Slim’s visionary mission: to ensure that the essential and cherished aspects of culture are accessible to all. It stands as a testament to his commitment to nurturing and advancing human potential by enriching and sharing the histories of art, world cultures, and Mexican history. He believes that culture should be a universal and shared inheritance, accessible to all who seek to engage with the beauty and significance of art.

Hailed as one of the most beautiful museums in the world, Museo Soumaya is designed as an inclusive space for people with different physical, intellectual, and psycho-emotional abilities. It is entirely accessible by wheelchair, and services include audio guides and tactile tours for the blind and visually impaired, access to guide dogs, sign language interpreters, and special tours for people on the autism spectrum. 

Museo Soumaya Plaza Carso is on Boulevard Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra in Mexico City. Admission is always free in line with its non-profit guidelines, and doors are open from 10:30 to 18:30 every day of the year.  

Sandra is a Mexican writer and translator based in San Miguel de Allende who specializes in mental health and humanitarian aid. She believes in the power of language to foster compassion and understanding across cultures. She can be reached at: sandragancz@gmail.com 

Monte Albán archaeological site closed temporarily to visitors

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The Zapotec city of Monte Alban remains closed to the public as protests by local traders over working rights have escalated. (Vadim Petrakov/Shutterstock)

A conflict between artisans and workers at the archaeological site of Monte Albán, Oaxaca has led local authorities to temporarily close the site to visitors.   

The measure came after one of three groups of merchants who sell their crafts in Monte Albán occupied several of the site’s spaces on Sept. 30 demanding an increase in the number of their vendors, the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH) reported.

Monte Alban protestors
Vendors at the popular tourist site demanded regularization of working conditions. (DialogosOaxCL/X)

“On Saturday [Sept. 29] the artisans settled on the site without following the rules,” head of the legal area of Monte Albán told El Imparcial, a local newspaper in Oaxaca. “We are protecting this site due to violations of internal rules.”  

Members of the group  — a cooperative called the Danny Di Paa Union of Producers and Artisans — told Canal 13 Oaxaca that they have already held the spots they demand for 60 years through verbal agreements with INAH authorities. They say their spots have been taken for lack of written permits and that they wish to obtain proper authorization for the work they have done for decades.

In its statement, INAH said that the Deputy Director of Monte Albán David Andrade Olvera met with the artisans to explain that the site doesn’t have the conditions to include more vendors. The site has remained closed since Oct. 1 by order of Oaxaca’s INAH and the site’s officials. 

According to El Imparcial, Monte Albán workers led by the site’s head of security Raúl Zárate blocked the entrance to artisans and visitors on the morning of Oct. 1, holding signs that demanded dialogue between artisans and authorities. 

Artisans also asked for dialogue with Monte Alban authorities. (Monitor Oaxaca)

“We demand the regularization of informal commerce, dialogue, no vending in corridors and parking lots,” one worker’s sign read. 

Meanwhile, Danny Di Paa artisans at the foot of the road demanded respectful and decent treatment.

“We are demanding a solution to our demands,” spokesperson Araceli Amaya told El Imparcial. “We could not continue with the dialogue because they [Monte Albán’s authorities] are offering us to return to the same spaces. We are being exploited,” she said.  

Amaya explained that they are obliged by the site’s authorities to sweep the site’s floors every day and do chores that are supposed to be voluntary. 

Monte Alban
The ancient city of Monte Alban is a major tourist attraction for visitors to Oaxaca. (DavidConFran/Wikimedia)

INAH said that it has the full support of two other groups of merchants and some independent artisans who also work on the site. “All of them understand that it is not feasible to increase Monte Albán’s load in terms of sales spaces,” the INAH said. 

For their part, members of Danny Di Paa accused INAH of trying to set their fellow artisans’ organizations against them and blame the Monte Albán shutdown on the group. 

With reports from El Imparcial 

Car sales in Mexico show over 35% annual increase in September

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Chirey SUV
Chinese manufacturer Chirey was a big winner, with a 205% increase in sales in September. (Chirey)

Mexico’s car industry continues its strong performance, with 118,038 new light vehicles sold in September — up 35.6% from September 2022.

According to figures from the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI), it was the strongest September performance since the historical record set in 2016, when 131,888 new cars were sold.

Car factory
With a 17.2% rise in sales, data suggests that the Mexican auto industry has made a successful recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. (Lenny Kuhne/Unsplash)

It was also the second-best month of 2023 so far after March, when 118,081 new cars were sold. However, the figure fell slightly under the 108,538 sales predicted by the Mexican Association of Automotive Distributors (AMDA).

September’s sales brought total new car sales up to 975,841 between January and September 2023. This marked a 24.9% increase from the same period of 2022 and a 2.1% increase from the same period in the pre-pandemic year of 2019.

September’s sales were also up 17.2% from September 2019, confirming that Mexico’s automotive sector has recovered well from the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent supply chain disruptions.

Another factor boosting car sales in Mexico is the arrival of new players on the domestic market, including Chinese brands, which are on track to make up around 20% of total sales by year’s end. The Chinese brand Chirey saw a whopping 205% annual jump in its Mexican sales in September, reaching 3,687 units. Experts believe these newcomers are boosting dynamism in the Mexican car market, compelling traditionally popular brands to push harder to compete.

Strike action has crippled production at a number of traditionally popular automakers, including Ford and General Motors. (Ford Authority)

One factor leading to sales missing AMDA’s target may have been the United Auto Workers strike in the United States, which has paralyzed production at several Ford, General Motors and Stellantis factories and 38 auto parts centers. However, AMDA has said they believe the impact is minimal, as the affected plants represent only 2.9% of Mexican imports of these brands.

Despite the strikes, all three of these brands saw large annual increases of their Mexican sales in September. Ford registered 4,445 new car sales (a 38% annual increase), GM registered 16,132 (up 13.7%) and Stellantis registered 8,483 (up 38.4%).

Other brands performing strongly on the Mexican market include Nissan, which saw 86.4% annual growth in September to reach 20,146 sales, and Toyota, which saw 77.3% annual growth to reach 8,746 sales.

Weaker performers included Renault, Suzuki and Mitsubishi, which saw annual sales declines of 20.4%, 15.2% and 36.6%, respectively.

If current trends continue, the Mexican automotive sector is likely to exceed 1.3 million new car sales this year, up from just under 1.1 million in 2022.

With reports from El Financiero

Peso reaches 6-month low against US dollar

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Pesos
After a bullish 2023, the peso has dropped sharply against the U.S. dollar in recent weeks. (Crisanta Espinosa Aguilar/Cuartoscuro)

The Mexican peso had another bad day on Thursday, depreciating to 18.37 to the US dollar before strengthening slightly.

The last time the peso was weaker than that level against the greenback was in late March.

Change center
The peso reached 18.29 against the dollar yesterday, said Bloomberg. (Alistair Macrobert/Unsplash)

At 2:30 p.m. Mexico City time, the peso had regained some ground to trade at 18.29 to the dollar, according to Bloomberg. Based on that exchange rate, the peso depreciated 1.9% on Thursday, after trading at 17.95 to the dollar at the close of markets on Wednesday.

The USD:MXN was 17.42 at the close of markets last Friday, meaning that the peso has depreciated about 5% so far this week.

The newspaper El Financiero reported that the peso weakened on Thursday due to a decline in oil prices and expectations that the United States Federal Reserve could raise interest rates early next month.

The currency also dipped on Tuesday after the publication of U.S. data that showed there were more job openings than expected in August. That raised expectations that the Fed could increase rates again this year.

At 11.25%, the Bank of Mexico’s benchmark interest is well above that the Fed’s 5.25-5.5% target range. Analysts cite the broad gap between the two rates as one factor that has helped the peso appreciate this year after it started the year at about 19.5 to the greenback.

With reports from El Financiero 

Biden’s border wall reversal surprises Mexico

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Border wall
The Biden Administration has waived 26 Federal laws to continue the construction of the controversial U.S.-Mexico border wall. (Omar Martínez/Cuartoscuro)

President López Obrador said Thursday that the United States’ decision to add to the border wall between Mexico and the U.S. was “a backward step” that won’t solve the migration problem.

The United States government has waived 26 federal laws, including environmental ones, in south Texas to allow the installation of “additional physical barriers” in Starr County, located in the Rio Grande Valley region of the Lone Star state.

AMLO Wall
President López Obrador called the decision to continue construction of the controversial border wall a “a backward step.” (lopezobrador.org.mx)

“The United States Border Patrol’s Rio Grande Valley Sector is an area of ‘high illegal entry,'” said a Department of Homeland Security (DHS) announcement published in the U.S. Federal Register on Thursday.

“… Therefore, I must use my authority under section 102 of [the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act] to install additional physical barriers and roads in the Rio Grande Valley Sector,” said Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas.

The DHS document said there was “an acute and immediate need to construct physical barriers and roads in the vicinity of the border of the United States in order to prevent unlawful entries into the United States,”

Up to 32 kilometers of new barriers will be built, according to a proposal from U.S. Customs and Border Protection.

Border wall
The U.S. Customs and Border Patrol have released a document outlining requirements for contractors bidding to build the new section of the border wall. (U.S. CBP)

The decision to add to the border wall is a significant policy reversal for United States President Joe Biden, who stopped construction on former president Donald Trump’s pet project when he took office in January 2021.

The Washington Post reported that Biden’s “pause” on construction “left the $11 billion barrier – one of the most expensive federal infrastructure projects in U.S. history – with dozens of unfinished gaps and piles of unused steel bollards laying around in the desert.”

Environmental groups criticized the plan to resume construction due to the impact that a border wall has on wildlife and their habitat.

Biden told reporters at the White House on Thursday that he didn’t believe a border wall was effective, but construction had to resume because Congress appropriated money for the project and his administration was obliged to use it. “I can’t stop that,” he said.

The Mexican government has said the wall does not prevent an effective barrier to migration, and had previously praised the Biden administration for seemingly abandoning the policy. (Pedro Anza/Cuartoscuro)

López Obrador, who has praised Biden because he’s “the only U.S. president in decades that hasn’t built even a meter of wall” on the border, told reporters at his Thursday morning press conference that the decision to install additional barriers was the result of political pressure.

“I understand there is strong pressure from far right political groups in the United States, especially from those that want to take advantage of the migration phenomenon and drug use for political purposes. There is a lot of politicking when elections are approaching,” he said.

López Obrador said that some Republican Party politicians are “acting very irresponsibly” and placing a lot of pressure on Biden, “who will always have our support.”

“But the authorization for the construction of [more] wall is a backward step because it doesn’t solve the [migration] problem,” he said.

Migrants at the US-Mexico border in Tijuana on May 11.
The wall has become a symbol of the divide between the two countries. (Omar Martínez/Cuartoscuro)

“You have to attend to the causes,” López Obrador said, reasserting that migration can be reduced by addressing push factors such as poverty and lack of opportunity with welfare and employment programs.

“Creating jobs, attending to young people, with that [we can reduce migration]. We’ve proved it, that’s the remedy,” he said.

The announcement that construction of the border wall will resume came amid a surge of migrant arrivals to the United States and ahead of a bilateral security meeting in Mexico City on Thursday at which high-ranking Mexican and U.S. officials were set to discuss the fight against fentanyl and other shared challenges including migration. López Obrador said that the United States’ border wall plan will also be on the agenda.

The president has long been a critic of the border wall, but nevertheless maintained an amiable relationship with Trump, whose administration installed over 700 kilometers of new barriers.

Trump at JD Vance rally
As he begins a campaign to return to the White House, Donald Trump has once again reignited the immigration debate in the United States. (Screen capture)

Trump, who is aiming to return to the White House, pounced on the Biden administration’s adoption of his signature policy.

“As I have stated often, over thousands of years, there are only two things that have consistently worked, wheels, and walls!” he wrote on social media.

“Will Joe Biden apologize to me and America for taking so long to get moving, and allowing our country to be flooded with 15 million illegals immigrants, from places unknown. I will await his apology!” Trump said.

With reports from El Universal, Expansión, AP, Reuters and The Washington Post 

Truckers say border inspections holding up US $1.5B in exports

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A line of trucks at the Mexico-US border
President Sheinbaum has emphasized the inseparable links between the Mexican and U.S. economies. (Comentario U de C/X)

Goods worth more than US $1.5 billion are held up at the northern border due to the Texas government’s decision to conduct stringent inspections of trucks entering the Lone Star state at border crossings between Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, and El Paso, according to Mexico’s National Chamber of Trucking (Canacar).

The Texas Department of Public Safety (DPS) began strict inspections of northbound trucks just over two weeks ago as part of efforts to prevent the entry of undocumented migrants and narcotics amid a surge in migrant arrivals at the border. Those inspections are in addition to ones carried out by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP).

Migrants arriving in Ciudad Juárez
There has been an increase in attempted border crossings in recent weeks, which border authorities say has required implementing stricter inspections. (PEDRO ANZA/CUARTOSCURO.COM)

The suspension of cargo processing at the Bridge of the Americas between Ciudad Juárez and El Paso since Sept. 18 is also a factor in long wait times for trucks crossing the border.

In a statement issued Wednesday, Canacar expressed its “deep concern” at the impact of the inspections at crossings between Juárez and El Paso, and asserted that the measure implemented by Texas Governor Greg Abbott is contrary to the “spirit of collaboration” and “vision of the future embodied in” the USMCA, the North American free trade agreement that superseded NAFTA in 2020.

“This measure has caused a crisis that has resulted in [border crossing] closures, [the need for] detours, increased crossing times and significant reductions in export volumes of various products from Mexico to the United States,” the association said.

Canacar said that 15,000 “loads” of freight were held up at the border and that their collective value was over $1.5 billion.

US Customs and Border Patrol
U.S. Customs and Border Patrol and the Texas Department of Public Safety have increased inspections of northbound trucks. (CBP/X)

The trucking chamber called on the Texas government to “speed up the commercial exchanges that occur daily in this region and which represent one of the greatest strengths of the relation between the two countries.”

It also called on the Mexican government to use “all forums of bilateral dialogue to express the concern” of the freight transport industry “due to the situation that has prevailed for the past three weeks on the northern border.”

Interruptions to the movement of goods across the border “has a direct impact on the economy of the two countries, affects supply chains … and places tens of thousands of jobs on both sides of the border at risk,” Canacar said.

The DPS has also been conducting inspections of trucks entering Texas at crossings between Piedras Negras, Coahuila, and Eagle Pass, and Guadalupe, Chihuahua, and Tornillo.

Bridge of the Americas El Paso Ciudad Juárez
The Bridge of the Americas between Ciudad Juárez and El Paso has been closed to cargo processing. (Wikimedia Commons)

“The DPS inspection is slowing down the commercial traffic flow,” Homero Balderas, general manager for the city of Eagle Pass International Bridge System, told the logistics and freight news website FreightWaves earlier this week.

“We have gone from 850 trucks a day to roughly under 400 due to the inspection delay. It’s hurting the Eagle Pass Bridge System drastically and more importantly the supply chain,” he said.

FreightWaves reported wait times on Monday of over four hours at the Camino Real International Bridge between Eagle Pass and Piedras Negras and cargo truck delays of more than six hours at the Ysleta-Zaragoza bridge between El Paso and Juárez.

Thor Salayandia, president of the Juárez Chamber of Industry and Manufacturing, told the EFE news agency last week that Abbott is “strangling” the export-focused manufacturing industry in northern Mexico.

“He is politicizing the immigration issue and attacking Joe Biden and Mexico on this issue, which affects all of us. He has the agents doing some checks where he is no longer looking for migrants. He wants to hurt the … [manufacturing sector] and is doing that,” Salayandia said.

“It is regrettable that only one person, the governor of Texas, Greg Abbott, is the one who is causing all this damage to both the economy of Juárez and the companies that own the maquiladoras. It is very unfortunate that so far no one has been able to stop him, not even President Biden,” he said.

Texas Governor Greg Abbott
Texas Governor Greg Abbott. (Wikimedia Commons)

El Paso County Judge Ricardo Samaniego said last week that it was “unfortunate” that there is a “double inspection” given that both the CBP and the DPS are checking trucks.

“They have not found drugs; they have not found migrants in the trucks, yet the inspections continue at a rate of 100%,” he said.

“We know this is something political and a very aggressive attitude from the governor,” Samaniego said.

Texas has previously conducted inspections of northbound freight trucks, including in May as the United States pandemic-era Title 42 migration expulsion policy was ending.

Mexico’s Economy Ministry said at the time that the actions implemented by the Texas government were “motivated by an anti-Mexican vision that is far removed from the social, cultural and economic integration between Mexico and Texas.”

A stringent inspection policy for commercial vehicles enacted for a period last year by the Texas government to detect drugs and migrants trying to enter the U.S. illegally also caused long delays at the border and heavy financial losses.

With reports from Reforma, Freight Waves, EFE and Border Report 

Were cenotes used for sacrifices?

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The Sacred Cenote at Chichén Itzá in Quintana Roo. (Shutterstock)

The true significance of cenotes for the ancient Maya is shrouded in mystery. Were they sacred? Were they used for rituals? Did they receive human sacrifices?

Below the calm, crystal-clear waters of this interconnected network of natural sinkholes, gruesome evidence points toward a sacred past. To link the pieces of the puzzle, researchers dive into the depths of the Maya underworld, known as Xibalba, to reveal the secrets of this fascinating civilization. 

A head carved out from the stone of a cenote near Chichén Itzá. (Photo Mark Viales)

Thousands of cenotes dot the Yucatán Peninsula, yet many are unexplored and likely still hold keys that could unlock knowledge lost to the ages. However, one critical archaeological site that provides some answers is the Sacred Cenote of Chichén Itzá. For decades, scientists have uncovered remains that continue to shed light on a story with many missing parts. 

The 14-meter-deep waters of the Sacred Cenote are the final resting place for over 200 victims of ritual sacrifice some 1000 years ago. Almost half were children, averaging between the ages of four and six. There were fewer females than males, a myth-buster on the false rampant sacrifice of women virgins suggested by colonial Spanish sources. Yet practically all the skulls and other skeletal remains were found with varying degrees of mutilation, virtually certifying the Sacred Cenote as a prolific sacrificial site.

Powdery sand at its base was curiously covered in a blue tint, later discovered to have washed off human bodies and other offerings. The pigment, known as Maya blue, was made and used primarily by Mesoamerican cultures during a period extending from about the eighth century until just after the mid-19th century. Fantastic pre-Columbian murals and pottery fragments discovered around archaeological sites show evidence that the color was exclusive to the gods or those chosen for ritual sacrifice. Furthermore, studies show the Maya often applied the revered pigment when depicting Cháak, the god of rain who lived in the cenote underworld.

In 2019, American archaeologist T. Douglas Price and two co-authors published a groundbreaking study on skulls from the Sacred Cenote showed that human sacrifices were “sourced from far and wide across Mexico”. According to the research paper, the Maya city was a ceremonial center that included violent rituals with mutilation, disarticulation and methods of public display.

Archaeologists have discovered a wide range of artifacts at the bottom of the Sacred Cenote of Chichén Itzá. (Photo Mark Viales)

“Hundreds of people were ritually executed and their bodies thrown into the waters of the Sacred Cenote at Chichén,” writes Price and his co-authors . “The ancient city was one of the most important in the Maya area, but its origins and history are poorly understood. A major question concerns the origins of the peoples who founded and later expanded the ancient city.”

The authors say it is unknown if all sacrificial victims resided in Chichén Itzá, but their suggested origins likely reflect patterns of population movement.

“There were social networks that existed between Chichén Itzá and both neighboring and distant regions,” they write. “Various lines of evidence point to places in the Yucatán, along the Gulf Coast, Central America, or even in the Central Highlands of Mexico.”

Another article that references T. Douglas Price’s study noted “that many bones appeared weathered, as if displayed and exposed to the elements before being cast into the cenote. Some skulls also had holes on either side near the temple that could only have been made by a percussive tool.”

Scientific analysis of skeletons found at the bottom of the Sacred Cenote of Chichén Itzá could provide answers. (Photo Mark Viales)

This collaborative study boosts the theory that Postclassic Maya influence was more far-reaching and widespread throughout Mesoamerica than first perceived. The remains and artifacts dredged from the Sacred Cenote are exhibited at the Peabody Museum at Harvard University and the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City. 

A cenote was considered the realm of powerful guardian spirits who protected humans but was also considered the only source responsible for life-giving rain. Rituals are still conducted with offerings to the same spirits responsible for the rain that gave good harvests for their ancestors. The Sacred Cenote of Chichén Itzá is not the only sinkhole containing secrets that explain the complexity of Mexico’s ancient civilizations. The depths of the Xibalba underworld, accessed from thousands of unique vertical cave spots around Yucatán, hold more answers yet to be discovered.

Mark Viales writes for Mexico News Daily.

Tesla asks for progress on infrastructure for Nuevo León factory

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Tesla
Construction on the much-anticipated gigafactory awaits permits as well as key infrastructure built by the state. (Tesla Fans Schweiz/X)

Nuevo León Governor Samuel García revealed Wednesday that his government received a letter from Tesla asking it to commence infrastructure projects that will complement its planned factory near Monterrey.

Speaking in León, Guanajuato, after attending an industrial sector meeting, García said that Tesla asked for work to begin on a rail link to the proposed “gigafactory” in Santa Catarina, the expansion of four highways and a water treatment plant.

Gigafactory site
The site of the proposed gigafactory requires a number of infrastructure works in order for construction to proceed. (Gabriela Peréz Montiel/Cuartoscuro)

The governor has said previously that authorities would be obliged to build new infrastructure as part of the agreement reached with the Austin-based company led by Elon Musk.

García said that Tesla’s request would be sent to a “committee” whose authorization is required to move ahead with the infrastructure projects. He didn’t specify the body he was referring to.

“I hope that the committee authorizes [the projects] in order to comply with what we promised,” he said.

García said that the Nuevo León government wants Tesla to begin construction of its gigafactory as soon as possible, but didn’t cite a commencement date. It will be up to Musk to make that announcement, he said.

Tesla gigafactory rendering
The electric vehicle (EV) plant construction investment, of at least US $5 billion, was announced in March this year. (Tesla)

García predicted that 60 to 70 Tesla suppliers will set up operations in Mexico as a result of the company’s decision to invest in a large, multi-billion-dollar plant at which “next-gen” electric vehicles will be made.

“The spillover [of the Tesla investment] will be seen in Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí and Coahuila,” he said, referring to three states that border Nuevo León.

“But the investment is so big that the whole country will benefit,” García added.

The governor said last month that Tesla and its suppliers would invest US $15 billion in Nuevo León, an amount triple the figure previously cited by the federal government.

Nuevo León Governor Samuel García (right) with Tesla CEO Elon Musk when the initial announcement was made in March. (Samuel García/X)

“The plant that we announced in March – erase it from the map. It looks like it will be twice as big,” García said. “Tesla and its suppliers are going to generate US $15 billion of investment in two years.”

The governor, who met with Musk in Monterrey prior to the gigafactory announcement, said Sept. 18 that the state permits Tesla needs to build the plant had been issued, but acknowledged that the company hadn’t yet obtained some federal ones.

Forbes México reported in early September that Tesla had not obtained any of the permits it needs to build and operate its proposed EV gigafactory in Santa Catarina.

The plant is expected to take 36 months to build, according to a Tesla document seen by Forbes, meaning that the earliest it could be finished – if the company obtains the required permits in the final months of this year – is late 2026.

With reports from Milenio, La Jornada and El Economista

Grupo México denies 2014 spill continues to affect Sonora River

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Man crosses the Sonora River
A man crosses the Sonora River in 2014, the year of the Buenavista spill. (Rashide Frías / Cuartoscuro.com)

Mining consortium Grupo México has again denied that a 2014 spill from its Cananea mine polluted the Sonora River, one week after the Environment Ministry (Semarnat) released a diagnostic report detailing chronic contamination from the spill.

The remediation of the Sonora River was successful, fully adhered to the law and was supported by scientific studies and authorities,” the company insisted in a statement on Wednesday.

Protest
A 2022 protest in front of the offices of Grupo México marking the eighth anniversary of the Buenavista mine spill. (Galo Cañas Rodríguez / Cuartoscuro.com)

On Aug. 6, 2014, more than 40,000 cubic meters of toxic copper sulfate acid solution poured into the Sonora and Bacanuchi Rivers from a broken dam at Grupo México’s Buenavista copper mine in Cananea, Sonora.

An estimated 22,000 people in eight municipalities were affected by the spill, which federal officials described in 2019 as the worst environmental disaster in Mexican mining history.

Last Thursday, Semarnat released a 239-page report analyzing the cause of the spill, the resulting contamination of soil, air, water and ecosystems in the area and the effect of this on the local economy and communities.

It concludes that the spill was caused by a poorly-designed dam system, and that the 1.5 billion pesos (US $83 million) paid by the company “in no way covered the direct, indirect and cumulative effects on the population, ecosystems and economy.” It estimates the spill’s economic impact to date at 20.5 billion pesos (US $1.14 billion).

German Larrea
German Larrea, owner of Grupo México. (Moisés Pablo/Cuartoscuro)

Semarnat states that local inhabitants still “face risks to health, safety and economic risks due to the presence of bioaccumulative heavy metals, in quantities well above the limits established by national and international standards.”

The report adds that Semarnat does not accept the closure of the Sonora River Basin Trust, which Semarnat and Grupo México opened in 2015 to repair the damage from the spill, but was declared closed two years later.

In its response, Grupo México dismissed the report’s findings, arguing that “they omit current sources of pollution such as illegal mining [and] the discharge of untreated sewage.” The company said that a government resolution last May confirmed that the water quality of the Sonora River had returned to its pre-spill levels, and blamed “disinformation campaigns” for the continued criticism.

In his Wednesday press conference, President López Obrador said that he will present a new action plan in the coming weeks to address the effects of the spill. He told reporters that the funds Grupo México has allocated to the environmental cleanup appear to be insufficient, and that his action plan will include a new “proposal” to the company.

“We’re resolving it, looking for options and alternatives,” he said.

With reports from La Jornada Maya, Reuters and Pie de Página