Thursday, July 24, 2025

High gasoline prices make fuel theft profitable in Mexico

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pemex station
There are four illegal gasoline retailers for every one of these. Divisual Jo / Shutterstock.com

Mexico is seeing a rapid spike in oil theft across much of the country, with observers divided as to whether high gas prices have led to more robberies, or vice versa.

On May 23, Defense Minister Luis Crescencio Sandoval announced at the government’s monthly security briefing that oil theft had increased from 5.1 million barrels in January to 7.5 million barrels in April.

On the same day, a report by La Razón highlighted the scale of the crisis with the western state of Jalisco seeing a staggering 944% rise in cases of oil theft between January and March 2021 to 2022. These increases seem highly focused on northern Mexico since the border state of Sonora saw oil theft grow by 140%, followed by Durango at 100% and Nuevo León by 87.8%.

Earlier this month, industry experts told Mexican media Publimetro that this rise was in part due to more attacks on gas tankers alongside the traditional taps of oil pipelines. Registered attacks on tanker trucks rose from 125 in the first quarter of 2021 to 412 in the same period of 2022.

According to the report, criminal groups have set up checkpoints and blockades across several states in Mexico to systematically rob trucks, causing logistical problems for the state-owned petroleum company, Pemex. Some gas stations have been forced to close their pumps after running out of fuel, causing long lines at those petrol pumps that still had reserves.

However, the tapping of pipelines remains a real concern. In early May, Cresencio announced that in Puebla – a central state through which several major oil pipelines pass – security forces had recovered 2.3 million liters of stolen fuel and arrested 217 alleged perpetrators. Over 6,000 instances of pipeline tapping had been discovered in Puebla in the last three years, he added.

In the first quarter of 2022, there were 3,199 reports of pipeline siphoning, representing a 14% year-on-year increase.

This increased criminal focus on oil theft has come amid soaring gas prices. In early March, a gallon of premium gasoline sold for nearly US $5.65 in Mexico City, up from an average of $3.97 four months earlier.

InSight Crime analysis

Pipeline tapping and fuel truck robberies have been linked with heightened gas prices and fuel shortages in the past. In 2019, the Mexican government restricted moving oil through the national pipeline system to stem the illegal taps, causing massive shortages in Mexico’s western states, particularly in Jalisco.

While oil theft has been a criminal economy of choice for years in Mexico, a hike in oil prices has incentivized the black market for gasoline more than ever.

In 2022, inflation and the Russian-Ukrainian war have raised oil prices globally. Despite government subsidies that make gas affordable to most Mexicans, companies have run into problems with supply, reported Publimetro. In the northern regions of Mexico, shortages were exacerbated by the influx of Americans crossing the border in search of cheaper gas prices.

All of this has provided criminals with the perfect reason to redouble their oil theft efforts. The Latin America Risk Report points out that criminal groups are not only incentivized to exploit higher prices through theft and contraband sales but also extort energy companies who are reaping the profits of higher prices.

Indeed, it could be suggested that the potential for huge profits on stolen gas during times of scarcity or high price have directly led to the creation of criminal elements in Mexico, which have gone on to do untold damage to the country.

Investigative journalist Daniel Blancas told Aristegui Noticias that the 2017 gasolinazo crisis, caused by the greatest hike in gas prices in 20 years, was responsible for an explosion of pipeline tapping. One of the most notorious groups associated with oil theft is the Santa Rosa de Lima Cartel. Its operations centered around huachicol, and brought in estimated profits of $800,000-$1.2 million a day at the height of their operations in 2018. Guanajuato, the state where the cartel is based, now ranks among Mexico’s most dangerous.

According to a recent report from the International Crisis Group, fuel theft started to spike in 2010 as the Zetas and the Gulf Cartel entered the illicit economy.

More recently, criminal groups have continued to target insecure oil and gas infrastructure, drilling sophisticated tunnels to access pipelines and ramping up their use of technology to avoid detection.

In 2020, huachicoleo was so rampant that Roberto Díaz de León, president of the national fuel retailers association ONEXPO, referred to fuel thieves as the main competitors of gas station owners. “In this country, there is an illegal parallel network of fuel supply and distribution whose presence and influence is quite strong,” he told Mexico Business News in an interview.

Cachimbas, unregulated roadside stops where motorists can fill their tanks illegally, are the most common way criminal groups resell their siphoned fuel. According to Díaz, there are at least four cachimbas for every one of Mexico’s 13,000 legal gas stations.

Reprinted from InSight Crime. Henry Shuldiner is a writer with InSight Crime, a foundation dedicated to the study of organized crime.

Hurricane Agatha leaves 22 people missing and at least 11 dead in Oaxaca

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Heavy property damage on Ventanilla beach
Heavy property damage on Ventanilla beach, 40 minutes from Puerto Escondido.

Hurricane Agatha, which made landfall Monday as a Category 2 storm, has claimed the lives of at least 11 people in Oaxaca, while 22 others are missing, according to preliminary reports.

Governor Alejandro Murat said Wednesday morning that a total of 33 people have been reported as missing, of whom 11 are confirmed dead.

Speaking via video link at President López Obrador’s regular press conference, Murat said that flooding due to overflowing rivers and mudslides was responsible for the disappearances and deaths. He declared that Oaxaca is in mourning.

The governor said Tuesday night that approximately seven people had lost their lives in an area encompassing the neighboring municipalities of San Mateo Piñas and Santiago Xanica. They are located inland from San Pedro Pochutla, the municipality where Agatha made landfall.

The military had to assist vehicles turned over by mudslides on the Pochutla-Huatulco highway near where Agatha made landfall.

Two people also died in Santa Catarina Xanaguía, a community in the Sierra Sur municipality of San Juan Ozolotepec, while three children are missing in the coastal municipality of Huatulco.

Murat said that some parts of Oaxaca, including Sierra Sur municipalities, were still without power Tuesday night but that service was expected to be reestablished by midnight.

He said Wednesday that homes were damaged during the passing of Agatha – the most powerful hurricane to have made landfall in the Eastern Pacific in May – but acknowledged that a census to assess the damage was only just starting.

Roads and bridges were also damaged and/or cut off by flooding, landslides and fallen trees. Federal highway 200 between Puerto Escondido and Huatulco was one of the affected roads but it reopened on Tuesday.

Among the communities where damage was reported were Zipolite, Mazunte, San Agustinillo and Ventanilla.

In Juan Diegal, a small community in Pochutla, every single home was destroyed, according to a resident.

“There are about 28 families here, all [the houses] were completely destroyed,” Aurora Alonso Bastida told the newspaper El Universal. “Thank God people managed to get out but everything was lost,” she said.

While no human lives were lost in Juan Diegal, located in the higher, inland section of the coastal municipality, some animals succumbed to the powerful storm.

Oaxaca Governor Alejandro Murat reported via video link on the situation in his state to President López Obrador’s regular press conference on Wednesday.

Alonso said that she and other residents, including 12 children, walked two hours amid heavy rain to get to a shelter in the municipal seat of Pochutla.

“We were going to stay. We said: perhaps [the house] will hold up … but the back wall started to come down,” she said, adding that someone could have died if they didn’t get out.

More than 100 people slept Monday night in a shelter set up in a Pochutla cultural center.

“After the hurricane passed, more and more people arrived because they sustained losses or their homes were flooded,” said local official Feliciano Cruz Martínez.

Thousands of soldiers, marines, police, Civil Protection personnel and others were deployed to search for the missing and respond to the damage caused by Agatha, but some parts of Oaxaca are isolated and hard to get to even without the added difficulties created by a hurricane.

Schools in the coastal and Sierra Sur regions of Oaxaca will remain closed until Thursday, education authorities said, while state and municipal authorities are inspecting schools for damage.

Hurricane Agatha made landfall with maximum sustained winds of 165 kilometers per hour and higher gusts but subsequently lost strength.

The National Water Commission (Conagua) said Wednesday that the remnants of Agatha will cause torrential rain Wednesday in Quintana Roo, with rainfall of up to 250 millimeters forecast. Intense rain accumulation of up to 150 mm is forecast in Campeche, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Tabasco and Yucatán, while heavy rainfall of up to 75 mm is predicted for the south of Veracruz.

A NASA image from space shows Agatha bearing down over Oaxaca.
A NASA image from space shows Agatha bearing down over Oaxaca.

“The precipitation could cause landslides, an increase in the levels of rivers and streams and … floods in low-lying areas,” Conagua said in a statement.

“… A low-pressure area associated with the remnants of Agatha increases to 70% the probability for cyclonic development in the 48-hour forecast and … 80% probability in [the next] five days. It’s located on land 75 kilometers west-southwest of Chetumal, Quintana Roo, and is moving toward the northeast.”

With reports from El Universal and EFE 

LiDAR reveals new data about the size of ancient Purépecha city in Michoacán

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LiDAR-assisted image of part of the ancient Tarascan city of Tzintzuntzan in Michoacán, showing the site's buried structures.

Researchers now have a fuller picture about the size of an ancient Purépecha city in Michoacán after using laser technology to detect structures hidden under vegetation and the ground.

Known structures at the Tzintzuntzan site near Lake Pátzcuaro numbered in the dozens before National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH) researchers detected more than 1,000 using the laser surveying method known as LiDAR (light detection and ranging).

“To date, we have identified more than 1,000 archaeological elements in an area of 1,075 hectares,” INAH researcher José Luis Punzo Díaz said earlier this year.

“We went from knowing of a few dozen monuments to more than a thousand in these first kilometers we’ve explored,” said the head of the LiDAR project, which began in 2021 and is supported by the United States-based National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping and NASA.

LiDAR technology, satellite images and digital mapping models have together given researchers “a more complete image of this ancient city” Punzo said, explaining that the site – whose name means “place of the hummingbirds” in Purépecha – has been the subject of archaeological study by INAH for 90 years.

Among the structures detected at Tzintzuntzan – the capital of the vast Purépecha, or Tarasco, empire – via LiDAR are pyramids, terraces, platforms and residential dwellings, INAH said in a statement.

They are located “on the lower slopes of hills and near Lake Pátzcuaro, and not just in the area near the ritual zone as had been represented on site maps.”

Additional LiDAR surveys are expected to detect even more structures at Tzintzuntzan, located in the municipality of the same name.

“This project is going to be very important,” Punzo told the newspaper El Universal earlier this month.

“I can say that [what we’ve found so far] is the tip of the iceberg. … LiDAR is the base to study the city in the coming decades. We knew almost nothing about Tzintzuntzan apart from its central area,” he said.

LiDAR uses lasers to map areas, from the air or from handheld devices. The technology emits brief light pulses whose reflection allows researchers to create a 3-D map with GPS and computers of objects that might otherwise be invisible to the naked eye.

Laser technology has also been used to detect almost 500 Mesoamerican ceremonial centers in southern states and two pre-Hispanic settlements buried beneath a third ancient city in Michoacán, among other discoveries.

With reports from El Universal 

Curanderos: a Canadian’s experiences with Mexico’s traditional healers

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curandera Lupita Maldonado in Playa Larga, Guerrero
Lupita Maldonado performs a healing ritual at a temazcal in Playa Larga, Guerrero.

In Mexico, long before there was modern medicine, there have been alternative healing practitioners, called curanderos, or shamans.

Their practice is sometimes referred to as complementary medicine – meaning that it can work well along with more mainstream scientific methods. However, some people, particularly modern health professionals, do not believe in or trust alternative healing practices, nor feel there’s sufficient scientific data to back up their claims.

In some rural communities, the services of a curandero are considered standard — and sometimes the only medical help available. Many swear by their methods as both natural and inexpensive compared to pharmaceuticals and mainstream hospital care. My close Mexican friends also use curanderos, though they do seek traditional medicine when warranted.

Over the years, I’ve had four opportunities to test whether curanderos in Mexico are indeed bonafide, albeit controversial, healers or scam artists.

A curandera working in Mexico City
Curanderos are supported by the Mexican government, both as alternative medical practitioners and as keepers of traditional indigenous knowledge. Government of mexico

The first time I visited a local curandero was a few years after I arrived in Mexico. At the time, I had had a steady run of “bad luck” for the past several months. My coworkers told me I needed to see Christian, a young man in his early 30s who was renowned for his healing powers and would be able to give me what they called a cleansing. Reluctant yet intrigued, I agreed to an appointment.

The healing center was a gravel yard surrounded by a chain-link fence, with a bed like you would see in a doctor’s examining room. A couple of outbuildings, from which the young shaman emerged, took up the rest of the area. To say I was prepared to high-tail it would be an understatement, but I resisted the urge and decided to see this through.

Christian introduced himself to me in Spanish and told me to lie down on the table face up. He then grabbed a pair of scissors and, leaning over me, cut the air with the blades while sucking in air and expelling loudly. I learned later that he was cutting away the bad spirits that had attached themselves to me, inhaling them and then spitting them out.

After what seemed like a long time, he had me sit up. He cracked an egg over my head and laid his hands on the top of it while speaking in what seemed to be a ritualistic way. It was strangely comforting (though a bit messy), and I could feel charged energy in his hands.

And then it was over.

I found two things interesting: later, I felt lighter, and also, over the next couple of weeks, my life did appear to get better; my string of bad luck seemed past me.

Psychosomatic? Perhaps, or maybe just wishful thinking. But weirdly, I felt that this young man was someone beyond the normal and that he possibly did have healing “gifts.” Many of my coworkers and the community certainly thought highly of him. Part of me wanted to believe, but I was also somewhat skeptical. Still, I found it to be an interesting and thought-provoking experience.

I met my second Mexican curandero several years later. I had moved to pick up something from the floor and became dizzy. No matter how hard I tried, I couldn’t straighten or even walk another step. My employer immediately took me to the hospital, and they gave me muscle relaxants and ordered bed rest for the next few days. But the excruciating muscle spasms did not get any better.

Curandero painting by Mario Gonzalez Chavajay
Curanderos, similar to a shaman or medicine man in other indigenous cultures, are believed to have existed in some form in Mexico since pre-Hispanic times. “Curandero” by Mario González Chavajay

Two of my friends decided we should seek a curandero‘s help in Lázaro Cárdenas, a city two hours north of Zihuatanejo.

From my vantage place in the car’s back seat, I could see several people lining the riverbanks when we arrived, like a scene out of the film Deliverance. A very old and extremely wizened man greeted us and helped my friends carry me into one of the shacks.

A table took up the main room inside, but I noticed dishes, some canned food and a small stove; the shack was also where the healer lived.

As I lay on the table, covered in a dirty sheet, I wondered how I had gotten into this situation again. The curandero began to massage my back and shoulders with probably the foulest smelling paste I’d ever encountered. He spoke incantations.

Miraculously, I exited that shack on my own — to the surprise of my friends awaiting me.

I cannot explain why this worked and why the drugs doctors gave me in Zihuatanejo didn’t. Some would say it was because I believed it would work, but nothing could be further from the truth. I had only agreed to the visit to appease my friends.

I was told to wear the smelly paste he’d rubbed on me for three more days before washing — a small price, I felt, for being pain-free.

My third visit with a curandero was at a temezcal in Playa Larga just outside Zihuatanejo with curandera Lupita Maldonado, well-known in the area for her Sunday gatherings. Like at sweat lodges north of the border, I experienced a lessening of my arthritic pain for two weeks following a session.

magnet therapy practitioners in Ixtapa Zihuatanejo
Magnet therapy practitioners Arturo Alberto Guzman Castro and Melba Felix Alejandra Conteras Vega.

My fourth experience was while visiting my friend Melba in the city of Morelia, Michoacán. Over coffee, I mentioned that my hands were becoming deformed from rheumatoid arthritis. She told me her parents healed with magnets. Intrigued, I let her make me an appointment for that same evening. I felt there was no downside in giving it a shot. To cause any harm at all, you would need a much more powerful magnet than they would use on me.

They put magnets on my arms, legs, stomach and more and murmured words I couldn’t quite hear. Melba’s father, Arturo, clicked my heels together at intervals, something reminiscent of what my chiropractor does in Canada. Melba’s mother, also named Melba, placed more magnets on my body as I drifted in and out of a dreamlike state.

After what I later learned was almost three hours, they removed the magnets, and I sat up. The strangest feeling of electricity flowed down my arms and legs, giving me a sense of lightness. Arturo and Melba explained what I could expect over the next 21 days, including lightness in my whole body.

They also correctly diagnosed the extreme stress I’d been under over the last few years and explained that much of my illness stemmed from that.

The last thing they said was that I would once again be able to play the guitar, a former hobby. Although the magnets wouldn’t reverse the deformities in my fingers, they would halt further deterioration, they said.

It’s only been a few days since treatment, but I close my fists easier than before and there’s far less pain. Is this a placebo? A cure? Only time will tell.

I’d encourage people to open their minds to curative powers of mind and body working in harmony — not as an alternative to modern medicine but perhaps as a complementary way to create health and well-being.

As rocker Steven Adler once said, “You can have all the riches and success in the world, but if you don’t have health, you have nothing.”

The writer divides her time between Canada and Zihuatanejo.

Train robberies and rail track theft were up 74% last year

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Checking on a Ferromex cargo train.

Train and track robberies increased 74% in 2021 to over 5,000 incidents, according to data from the Rail Transport Regulatory Agency (ARTF).

There were 2,570 train robberies last year and 2,548 incidents of track theft, the ARTF said in a rail security report.

Jalisco recorded the highest number of freight robberies with 381 cases, an increase of 11% compared to 2020. Sonora ranked second with 273, a 4% annual spike, followed by Guanajuato, where robberies surged 54% to 264. Rounding out the top five were Coahuila and Sinaloa with 245 and 136 robberies, respectively.

Incidents of train vandalism – a crime sometimes committed by thieves to aid their heist – were also up last year, increasing 43% to 10,142.

Mexico’s railway routes.

Carlos Barreda Westphal, a representative of wood products manufacturer Stella-Jones, told the newspaper Reforma that the increase in robberies is concerning given the impact the crime has on the economy. The government’s efforts to keep the prices of basic food items in check is made more difficult because those products are transported by rail, he said.

“Let’s not forget that the products stolen from trains find a ready outlet on the black market,” Barreda added.

He said that a shortage of and high demand for goods primarily moved by rail – among which are grains, auto parts, domestic appliances and minerals – as well as authorities’ failure to combat crime along Mexico’s rail network, appeared to be the main reasons behind the increase in robberies.

“Robbery of a train has been [classified as] a serious crime that warrants preventative prison for a couple of years, but if the authorities don’t investigate and arrest criminals [the classification] is useless,” Barreda said.

“Calculating the losses this causes companies is difficult,” he said, adding that track theft affects the operating costs of railways.

“The more pieces of the track they steal, the more expensive it is to operate because everything has to be replaced,” Barrera said.

With reports from Reforma 

Trans-isthmus train tenders declared void; navy says prices too high

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The Isthmus of Tehuantepec trade corridor.
The Isthmus of Tehuantepec trade corridor.

The navy has nullified the invitation-only tendering processes for two railroads in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec trade corridor after deciding that the only acceptable bids it received were too high.

The navy invited bids for the rehabilitation of the railroad between Ixtepec, Oaxaca, and Ciudad Hidalgo, Chiapas, as well as tracks between Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, and Palenque, Chiapas.

The former project involves work on 459 kilometers of tracks as well as 12 stations. Nine stations, 87 bridges and 328 kilometers of tracks need work on the Coatzacoalcos-Palenque section, which will connect to the Maya Train railroad.

The navy invited five companies to on the work. They each submitted bids for four different contracts, meaning that the navy received a total of 20 proposals.

Twelve were disqualified due to technical deficiencies, including all of those submitted by Ferrosur, a railroad subsidiary of mining conglomerate Grupo México.

The eight other bids were deemed technically sound but too pricey. They were submitted by ICA; a consortium made up of Mota-Engil and Nexumrail; Construcciones Urales; and a consortium made up of Grupo INDI and RECSA. All those companies have Maya Train contracts.

The lowest technically sound bids for the four different contracts added up to just over 52.93 billion pesos (US $2.7 billion), a figure that the newspaper Reforma reported is 19% higher than the cost of sections 1, 2 and 3 of the Maya Train, which is currently under construction in Tabasco, Campeche, Yucatán, Quintana Roo and Chiapas.

Having rejected the bids, the navy is likely to negotiate directly with the companies in an attempt to get them to lower their prices, Reforma said. Launching new tendering processes is considered unlikely due to the length of time it would take.

The Ministry of the Navy has indicated that it wants the Ixtepec-Ciudad Hidalgo and Coatzacoalcos-Palenque railroads to be ready by January 2024. That target could be difficult to meet considering that a project to rehabilitate a 200-kilometer trans-isthmus section of railroad between Salina Cruz, Oaxaca, and Coatzacoalcos is only about 60% complete more than two years after the 3-billion-peso contract was awarded.

The Isthmus of Tehuantepec trade corridor project also includes upgrades to the ports in Salina Cruz and Coatzacoalcos and construction of a new trans-isthmus highway and 10 industrial parks.

President López Obrador announced just over a year ago that the navy would be given control of the corridor once it is completed. The trans-isthmus railroad is slated to begin operations this year but the modernization of the ports won’t be finished until 2023.

With reports from Reforma 

Judge confirms suspension of work on Maya Train; opponents claim ‘small victory’

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Workers lay track for the Maya Train.
Workers lay track for the Maya Train.

A federal judge has issued a definitive suspension order against the Quintana Roo section of the Maya Train railroad between Playa del Carmen and Tulum, but President López Obrador pledged Tuesday that work will continue once the “unfounded” ruling is overturned.

Mérida-based judge Adrián Novelo ruled that work on the southern part of Section 5 (Tramo 5 Sur) of the US $10 billion railroad can’t proceed due to the absence of an authorized environmental impact statement (EIS). His ruling, made public on Monday, also precludes the removal or destruction of vegetation along the route, which runs through the Mayan jungle.

In issuing a provisional suspension order in April, Novelo ruled that all work on Tramo 5 Sur must stop due to the “imminent risk” of “irreversible damage” to the Mayan jungle, caves, subterranean rivers and cenotes (natural sinkholes) and the absence of environmental studies and permits. The lawsuit that led to that order, which has now become definitive, was filed on behalf of three speleologists by Defendiendo el Derecho a un Medio Ambiente Sano (Defending the Right to a Healthy Environment), a Cancún-based organization.

Novelo granted a second provisional injunction against the Quintana Roo railroad section earlier this month.

López Obrador said the government would challenge the latest order, but resolution of the matter via that route could take months. A quicker way to resolve the issue would be to present an Environment Ministry-approved EIS to the judge.

The EIS for Tramo 5 Sur is currently being reviewed as part of a public consultation process that will conclude on June 17.

Once the EIS has been approved by the Environment Ministry (Semarnat), the government will be in a position to file an application for the revocation of the suspension. Revocation won’t be automatic, however, because the government will still have to convince Novelo that the environmental damage caused by the construction and operation of Tramo 5 Sur will be minor and that the project is justified due to the economic and social benefits it will bring.

Swathes of jungle have already been cleared to make way for the route, which was moved inland after the Playa del Carmen business community complained about the construction of the railroad through the center of that city. Protests against the rerouted section have been held at the site of the deforestation and there is also a social media campaign calling for its cancellation.

Sleepers are laid on the rail line in Maxcanú, Yucatán.
Sleepers are laid on the rail line in Maxcanú, Yucatán.

If the government presents the EIS to the judge as part of an application to have the definitive suspension order revoked, the environmentalists that were granted the order could broaden their lawsuit and ask Novelo to suspend its effects, Reforma reported. If the judge did that, work on the project could be blocked for even longer than is currently anticipated, the newspaper said.

Such a delay could upset the government’s plan to have the Maya Train begin operations in 2023, although López Obrador asserted that time could be recovered once the definitive suspension order is invalidated.

The National Tourism Promotion Fund (Fonatur), which is managing the project, appears confident that work on Tramo 5 Sur won’t be held up for too long.

It said in a statement Monday that the order is only definitive until the EIS issue is resolved. Fonatur added that the EIS is currently being processed by Semarnat – even though the consultation process hasn’t finished – and noted that it’s made up of more than 4,000 pages prepared by experts.

“For Fonatur, the Tramo 5 Sur EIS is a solid document that considers possible impacts but which also plans abundant mitigation actions in favor of the environment, which will join measures already underway such as the reforestation of the southeast with almost 500 million trees and the strengthening of natural areas,” the statement said.

Asked about the suspension order at his news conference on Tuesday, López Obrador said the government would “continue with the entire legal procedure without any problem.”

“We’re certain that the project will continue. … Although the project is stopped now, we’re going to restart it and make up time,” he said.

“… We’re going to comply legally and they won’t be able to stop us. Private interests are not going to impose themselves, they won’t be above the general interest, the interest of the people, … the nation’s interest. Before they did and undid [whatever they wanted] but that’s not the case now,” López Obrador said.

Section 1 of the train in Calendaria, Campeche.
Section 1 of the train in Calendaria, Campeche.

The president repeated his claim that opponents of the Maya Train are “pseudo-environmentalists” and charged that the latest court order has no basis.

“This is a political issue of those who don’t want the project to be carried out. They’re pseudo-environmentalists, financed by large companies … and also foreign governments. There are environmentalists funded by the United States government,” he said.

With regard to the commencement of work on Tramo 5 Sur before the EIS had been completed, López Obrador noted that the project was able to go ahead thanks to the infrastructure decree he issued late last year.
The decree instructs government agencies to grant provisional authorizations and permits to projects deemed to be of public interest and national security in a maximum period of five working days so as to ensure their timely execution.

López Obrador claimed that the decree – part of which was suspended by the Supreme Court late last year – wasn’t taken into account by the judge who issued the definitive suspension order.

In contrast, Novelo’s ruling was welcomed by opponents of the rail project, one of whom described it as “a small victory” but acknowledged that the fight isn’t over.

“It’s proof that everything we’ve been saying is true,” said Roberto Rojo, a biologist and speleologist.

“We’re happy because we were afraid that the judge would be pressured and give in. But now we feel hopeful, confident that there is still someone who keeps vigil over the rule of law in this country,” he told the newspaper El Universal.

Rojo was visiting caves along Tramo 5 Sur with one of the speleologists behind the lawsuit when he heard the news about the latest ruling.

“Receiving the news … [allowed] the release of a whirlpool of feelings – anxiety, desperation, anger, impotence and now happiness,” he said, adding that “we know this doesn’t end here.”

“It’s just one battle … and we’re working on something to foster the regeneration of the jungle that has been damaged, something that will give it protection,” Rojo said.

He explained that the aim of environmentalists is to have the land surrounding Tramo 5 Sur declared a Natural Protected Area, or ANP. Rojo also said that area meets all the requirements to become a UNESCO World Heritage site.

An ANP along the Tramo 5 Sur route would complement the Sian Ka’an Biosphere Reserve, Rojo said, referring to a UNESCO-protected area in the Caribbean sea and along Quintana Roo’s east coast.

With reports from Milenio, El Universal and Reforma 

Relocating IMSS headquarters to Michoacán to create 7-billion-peso spillover

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IMSS headquarters in Mexico City.
IMSS headquarters in Mexico City.

The relocation of the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) from Mexico City to Michoacán will provide an almost 7-billion peso boost to the historically impoverished state, according to state authorities.

The state minister for urban development and transport, Gladys Butanda Macías, said the investment in Michoacán would provide a 6.85-billion peso (US $351 million) economic spillover, representing the biggest financial lift since the Sicartsa steel mill was installed in Lázaro Cárdenas in 1976.

The Michoacán state government said the infrastructure plan includes the construction of a 14-story office complex to accommodate many of the 10,500 IMSS workers from 15 departments set to arrive in the state. It predicts an investment of 2.5 billion pesos (US $128 million) to build the new offices which it said will create 6,500 construction jobs.

In a second phase, three new regional hospitals are slated for construction in Uruapan, Zitácuaro and Morelia, promising an investment of some 4.35 billion pesos.

The state government added that 40% of the workers would move to Morelia in 2022 and the remainder the following year.

Macías said the relocation of the IMSS headquarters would create wider indirect economic benefits for the state. “Now that the fiscal domicile is here in Morelia it’s an anchor for suppliers and those in Morelia and Michoacán to increase their sales,” she said.

Macías added that utilizing land belonging to the state government would help it write off some of its debt to the federal government.

Much of President López Obrador’s plan to decentralize federal government departments remains unfinished. The health ministry is operating in Acapulco, Guerrero, and the culture ministry in Tlaxcala. The education ministry has not yet completed its move to Puebla.

With reports from Milenio

AMLO prepares decree to prohibit smoking on beaches and in parks, stadiums

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woman smokes cigarette
New restrictions are coming for smokers. deposit photos

The federal government is planning to ban smoking in a range of public places including beaches, parks and stadiums.

A presidential decree that would alter the General Law for Tobacco Control and consequently increase regulations on smoking is currently being prepared, the newspaper El Universal reported Tuesday.

President López Obrador has already signed a draft version of the decree, which the Health Ministry sent to the National Commission for Regulatory Improvement for review.

The document outlines the government’s intention to prohibit smoking in “spaces of collective gathering” for “reasons of public interest and social interest.”

Such spaces include publicly accessible courtyards, terraces, balconies, amusement parks, playgrounds and other places where children gather, urban parks, sports centers, beaches, event centers, stadiums, shopping centers, markets, hotels, hospitals, places of worship, areas where food and beverages are served and public transit stops.

The draft decree lists all those places and more even though smoking is already banned in many of them.

The government’s plan to alter the General Law for Tobacco Control comes just three months after a revised version of the same law was promulgated.

The updated law established workplaces, schools, public access areas, sporting and entertainment facilities and public transit as 100% smoke-free areas and placed a ban on tobacco company advertising and sponsorship.

The proposed decree would expressly prohibit tobacco advertising and sponsorship in direct and indirect ways such as product placement. It would cover all advertising mediums including social media, streaming services, television, film, radio, newspapers, magazines, flyers and billboards.

If enacted, the decree would also outlaw products that people – especially children – can use to mimic smoking such as candy and chocolate cigarettes.

In the draft document, López Obrador justified the decree by arguing that tobacco addiction is a chronic disease and that 80% of smokers start using tobacco before the age of 18. He pointed out that smoking causes cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses as well as cancer.

Citing the expense of treating such illnesses and the loss of human capital in the labor market due to disease and death, López Obrador also said that smoking has an enormous monetary cost.

It is unclear when the presidential decree might be issued, but it would take effect a day after its publication in the government’s official gazette.

Meanwhile, López Obrador on Tuesday – World No Tobacco Day – signed a decree prohibiting the circulation and sale of electronic cigarettes and other vaping devices.

“There is no healthy dose of tobacco,” he told reporters at his regular news conference. “It’s invariably harmful. It’s one of the products that is most clearly harmful to health.”

With reports from El Universal 

Activists ‘liberate’ 7 marijuana smoking zones in Mexico City

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Smokers gather at one of Mexico City's marijuana tolerance zones.
Smokers gather at one of Mexico City's marijuana tolerance zones. Facebook Laboratorio 4:20

Mexico City’s central square and a cannabis garden outside the federal Senate are among seven locations in the capital where pro-pot activists have established marijuana tolerance zones.

According to a report by the newspaper Milenio, members of the Laboratorio 4:20 collective have most recently “liberated” a section of the Glorieta de los Insurgentes, a public space surrounded by a large roundabout that adjoins the Insurgentes metro station.

The other four locations where marijuana smoking zones have been established are Parque América in the upscale neighborhood of Polanco; the Plaza de la Información near the Hidalgo metro station; Casa Tlaxcoaque near the Pino Suárez Metro station; and the Estela de Luz monument at the entrance to Chapultepec Park.

Daniela, a Laboratorio 4:20 member who has been instrumental in the establishment of the tolerance zones, told Milenio that the use of cannabis for recreational purposes is effectively legalized at the seven locations.

The Supreme Court, which ruled in 2019 that prohibition of marijuana is unconstitutional because criminalization violates the right to free development of personality, has directed Congress to legalize weed for recreational purposes, but lawmakers have repeatedly missed deadlines to do so.

Daniela said that Laboratorio 4:20 is seeking to guarantee pot smokers’ rights, even though those rights have not yet been enshrined in law.

Outside the tolerance zones, possession and use of mota – as marijuana is colloquially known in Mexico – is still criminalized, she said.

“The police still beat us and arrest us,” the pot proponent protested. “The narcos come and threaten us and people look at us as if we were the devil,” she added, referring to the experiences of marijuana activists and users in the tolerance zones.

The organization provides free informational material at tolerance zones like this one in Parque América in the Polanco neighborhood.
The organization provides free informational material at tolerance zones like this one in Parque América in the Polanco neighborhood. Facebook Laboratorio 4:20

Daniela explained how she and her fellow activist Yisus established the pot smoking area near Metro Hidalgo.

“It’s in front of the San Judas church. … People already used it to drug themselves with solvents and crack. One day Yisus set up a little table and we start to provide information about cannabis rights. At the start, the police arrived to remove us. But Yisus is a lawyer … and he showed his injunction [allowing him and other activists to use cannabis] and the documentation of our civil association. They stopped harassing us for a while and in that period we swept the plaza, washed it and potheads started to get together. Overnight the solvent sniffers departed. But what do you know? … [Drug dealers] arrived.”

The tolerance zone at the Estela de Luz (Stele of Light) – also known as the “monument to corruption” – was created during the pandemic, Daniela explained.

“But the narcos co-opted [the space] and threatened our people. Today, if you want to smoke at the Estela and you don’t take your own weed, you can only buy it from those people,” she said.

Other factors have also affected the tolerance zones. In the central square, or zócalo, for example, the smoking zone was fenced off recently when a replica of the Sistine Chapel was set up.

“Now you can only smoke on the streets [surrounding the square] in the middle of the traffic,” Miguel, another marijuana activist, told Milenio.

Mexico City is not the only city in the country where activists have “liberated” public spaces from what they see as unjust laws governing the use of marijuana.

In Oaxaca city, pro-marijuana activists occupied the El Llano park for months and pressured authorities to let them be. Their strategy worked.

In April, the city government advised police not to bother people smoking weed in public places in the state capital. In a letter to cannabis consumers, the government reiterated its commitment to respecting human rights and noted that there is no municipal law that expressly prohibits the “personal responsible consumption of cannabis in public spaces.”

The official position of Mexico City authorities is much the same. Mexico City police chief Omar García Harfuch told Milenio that arrests of marijuana users still occur, but stressed that the instruction to police is not to detain people smoking mota.

For her part, Attorney General Ernestina Godoy said bluntly that “we’re going after generators of violence,” rather than citizens with a penchant for smoking a spliff in the street.

With reports from Milenio