Mexico is a country without laws and President López Obrador is a compulsive liar, according to the owner of a Coahuila steelmaker fighting extradition from Spain on corruption charges.
Arrested in Mallorca in May last year on charges related to the 2014 sale of a fertilizer plant to Pemex at an allegedly highly inflated price, Alonso Ancira, owner and president of Altos Hornos de México, made the claims during an extradition hearing in Madrid on Tuesday.
“There’s no justice in Mexico. Here [in Spain] justice is delivered and I congratulate you. Maintain it because in Mexico we already lost it,” Ancira told judges of the Audiencia Nacional court.
The businessman argued that if he is sent to Mexico, he has no guarantee of receiving a fair trial in a case that will examine the allegedly corrupt US $475 million sale of a disused fertilizer plant in Veracruz, a dealing in which former Pemex CEO Emilio Lozoya – arrested in February in the south of Spain – is also implicated.
Making clear his desire to remain in Spain, Ancira said that prisons in the European nation are like two-star hotels compared to jails in Mexico, where inmates are forced to sleep in crowded cells.
He also took aim at López Obrador, describing him as a mythomaniac, comparing him to Adolf Hitler and declaring that “he’s not an individual who is sane.”
Ancira described himself as “collateral damage” in the Mexican government’s pursuit of officials who allegedly committed acts of corruption during the administration led by former president Enrique Peña Nieto.
He rejected the accusation that he sold the fertilizer plant at an inflated price and charged that the case against him has no solid legal basis. The government has violated his rights to due process, legal defense and personal freedom, added Ancira, who is currently free on bail but has had his passport confiscated and is required to check in with legal authorities every other day.
The Audiencia Nacional judges will announce their response to Mexico’s extradition request within a period of 10 days, the newspaper El Universal reported, noting that Ancira will have the opportunity to file an appeal if they don’t hand down the decision he is hoping for.
Altos Hornos is Mexico’s largest integrated steelmaker.
Officer Velasco: attacked during Sunday's Women's Day march.
A protester at the International Women’s Day march in Mexico City on Sunday — held to draw attention to violence against women —used a caustic substance to burn the face of a female police officer posted to the event’s security detail.
Officer Lucero Velasco San Juan, 25, said that she stayed after her shift had ended in order to support her fellow officers on Juárez avenue.
“Everything was very calm until about five in the afternoon, which is when it all happened. … We were protecting the people … since there were families there,” she said.
“When we got in line … a group of women passed us and began to throw bottles at us, they began to throw liquids on us, to shout, to hit our shields, to paint them with spray paint. Then they tried to take our shields by pulling on them, and when they were pulling on them someone stuck their hand in my helmet and rubbed something on me.”
She said she didn’t feel anything at that moment, as she was busy with her duties, but the pain gradually began to set in.
“After the women continued on, that was when I began to feel more pain, more burning. I told my commander that it was hurting me, and she lifted the face mask on my helmet and saw that I had a burn on my face,” said officer Velasco.
She was treated by paramedics and taken to a hospital for further care. She hopes the burn will not leave a scar.
“I’m very sad, really very sad, because in the end we are women and we are human beings; before women, we are human beings,” she said.
“So if there’s no respect for women by men, for women by women, yes, it makes me very sad, even more so knowing that we’re there to keep people safe. … We were there to protect them, not hurt them, so it makes me sad that they burned my face and it scares me, because I don’t know if I’ll recover 100% or if I’ll have a scar on my face.”
Passengers arrive at Mexico City airport. A doctor says greater efforts should be taken to test travelers.
A Mexico City infectious disease specialist has asserted that “there must be many more cases” of the novel coronavirus known as Covid-19 in Mexico than the seven reported to date.
Francisco Moreno Sánchez, head of internal medicine at the ABC hospital, described the situation as “very worrying” because people infected with the virus without knowing it will unwittingly spread it to others.
In an interview with El Heraldo Radio, the doctor warned that if a widespread outbreak occurs in Mexico, the nation’s healthcare system will struggle to provide adequate treatment to all those who require it.
Moreno said that Mexico should be carrying out more tests to detect cases of Covid-19, as has occurred in other countries such as South Korea. If people found to have the virus are placed in quarantine, its spread will be limited and deaths will be avoided, he said.
However, Moreno acknowledged the difficulty of widespread testing because there are only three medical centers in Mexico with certification to test for Covid-19.
Doctor Moreno: more testing is needed.
The doctor charged that Mexico is taking the possibility of a large Covid-19 outbreak too lightly, pointing out that statistics show that the infectious disease is 25 times more deadly than influenza.
There should be greater efforts to detect cases of coronavirus among passengers arriving at Mexico’s airports, Moreno said, explaining that the illness that originated in Wuhan, China, late last year has now spread to more than 100 countries.
In Latin America, 106 Covid-19 cases had been detected in 11 countries as of Monday. While the number of cases is much lower than those in Asia, Europe and the United States, the figure represents a 10,500% increase since the first case was confirmed in Brazil on February 26.
While all seven Mexicans confirmed to have Covid-19 contracted the virus outside the country, there have been cases of local transmission in at least five Latin American countries, according to the World Health Organization.
Paul Hunter, a professor of medicine at the University of East Anglia in Norwich, England, told the news website BBC Mundo that the number of cases in the United States – where more than 800 Covid-19 infections and 27 deaths have been recorded – is likely to increase quickly, and that it will probably spread from there to Latin American nations in the near future.
“I suspect that what will happen in coming weeks is that a lot of the cases in Latin America will be linked to the United States,” he said.
Mexico is more susceptible than other Latin American countries to the spread of Covid-19 from the United States because the two nations share a 3,145-kilometer border, and large numbers of Mexicans travel between the two on a daily basis.
Hunter expressed the same concern as Moreno, the Mexico City infectious disease specialist, by stating that early detection of the virus is essential to limiting its spread.
“It’s simple: if tests aren’t done, you can’t know how many cases there are. There are several countries that haven’t reported any cases but the question is whether they’ve tested anyone,” he said.
For that reason, the number of cases reported at a global, regional and individual country level doesn’t offer a full picture of the prevalence of Covid-19, Hunter said.
In Mexico’s case – as Moreno noted – the failure to test more widely for coronavirus likely means that there are many undetected cases of Covid-19, which has now claimed the lives of almost 4,000 people around the world.
A decline in global oil prices places additional pressures on the already ailing finances of Pemex, Mexico’s heavily indebted state oil company, and could affect its credit rating, according to three analysts.
International crude prices fell sharply on Monday after Saudi Arabia, the world’s second largest oil producer after the United States, launched a price war with Russia. The Middle East kingdom slashed its prices and set plans to ramp up production from April after Russia refused to make a further large cut to its output to stabilize markets amid declining demand for oil due to the spread of the novel coronavirus known as Covid-19.
The price of Mexican crude plunged 31.6% as a result, the newspaper El Financiero reported, noting that it has now lost 56.5% of its value this year. The Mexican peso also fell on Monday on the back of the price war news, dropping to more than 22 to the United States dollar early Monday before recovering to just over 21.
Raúl Feliz, an economist at Mexico City research university CIDE, told the news agency Reuters that the price war spells bad news for Pemex, which suffered one of its worst-ever losses last year and still has debt in excess of US $100 billion despite government efforts to reduce it.
“The fact that the oil market outlook has deteriorated due to this war is negative for Pemex, no question,” he said. “And this could increase talk of a ratings downgrade.”
Economist Raúl Feliz: bad news for Pemex.
Fitch Ratings downgraded the state-run company’s bonds to junk status in the middle of last year, and all three leading ratings agencies – Fitch, Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s – have a negative outlook on Pemex’s creditworthiness, meaning that there is a significant risk of further cuts.
Lower global oil prices will mean less revenue for Pemex, which will impact on its already “very vulnerable finances,” said Carlos González Tabares, director of analysis and stock market strategy at the Monex financial group. The decline in income could affect Pemex’s rating and Mexico’s sovereign rating, he said.
Gabriela Siller, head of economic analysis at financial group Banco Base, agreed that the crude price war increases the possibility that Pemex and the nation will see a downgrade to their credit ratings.
While the three analysts agreed that lower oil prices will hurt Pemex, Feliz noted that an annual hedging program used by both the state oil company, and the federal government more broadly, as insurance against price changes will help to lessen the impact of the slump.
Pemex CEO Octavio Romero said in January that the company had already contracted a “small portion” of its 2020 hedge but didn’t reveal the price it had locked in or the number of barrels of oil to which it would apply. The government said in January that the Finance Ministry (SHCP) had locked in a $49 per barrel price for oil worth a total of $1.37 billion.
Feliz told Reuters that the Pemex hedge will directly cushion the blow of the price slump, while the SHCP hedge could generate revenue that can be invested in the state oil company.
Carlos González of Monex: lower income will have an impact.
However, if the Saudi-Russian price war continues for an extended period, the financial strain on Pemex will likely increase despite the efforts to protect it.
The CIDE academic said that the ratings agencies will look closely at how Pemex’s debt compares with the proven crude reserves it holds, adding that the state oil company’s current investment levels “are not sufficient to stabilize production and simultaneously keep up proven reserves.”
With regard to Mexico’s ability to cope with a broader economic crisis precipitated by the global spread of Covid-19 – markets around the world slumped on Monday – President López Obrador reiterated on Tuesday that the nation’s public finances are healthy, adding that the government has a fund to respond to any complications that might eventuate.
“In the face of crises in the markets … we are resisting,” he told reporters at his morning news conference.
“I told you yesterday that we have healthy public finances because we managed to protect ourselves. No more was spent than we have in income; we didn’t put the country into debt.”
Women were conspicuous by their absence on Monday as millions took part in the national women’s strike, organized to protest the high levels of gender-based violence in Mexico and demand action from the government.
A day after large numbers of women marched in cities across Mexico to mark International Women’s Day, many stayed at home on Monday to send a clear message to authorities and the nation’s men that they are fed up with machista culture and the high levels of gender violence in a country where an average of 10 females are murdered every day.
Classrooms at schools and universities, government offices, the Supreme Court, federal Congress, the Mexico City Metro, banks and streets across the nation were some of the places devoid of women and girls, or with notably lower numbers than normal.
Organizers said that the aim of the strike, dubbed #UnDíaSinNosotras (A Day Without Us) and #UnDíaSinMujeres (A Day Without Women) on social media, was to remind people that large numbers of women in Mexico disappear forever.
“It is no longer possible to continue living in a country where a woman can be murdered in a brutal way, without any consequence, and in a culture that allows for it to happen,” Lorena Wolffer, an artist and feminist activist, told The New York Times.
Men ran the checkouts at retail stores.
At the National Autonomous University (UNAM) in Mexico City, the nation’s largest tertiary education institution, faculty buildings were almost deserted, the newspaper El Financiero reported. Medicine faculty employee Cristian Pimenel described the atmosphere as “sad.”
An accounting student identified only as Nicolás declared the main UNAM campus, Ciudad Universitaria (University City), “dead,” telling the newspaper Milenio that the absence of female classmates generated an “ugly” sensation. The situation was similar at the majority of universities across the country, both public and private, with female students skipping classes in large numbers.
At the entrance to the Mariano Azuela Primary School in the Mexico City neighborhood of Navarte, a sign announced that the school was closed due to a lack of the “necessary conditions” to operate. Many other schools scrambled to cover classes, their staff depleted by the absence of female teachers.
Many municipal, state and federal female government employees – more than 60,000 in Mexico City alone – joined the strike, leaving their male colleagues to go on working without them.
“You feel a void. … It’s not just physical but also professional and moral,” said Alexis, an IT employee at the federal Interior Ministry. “Teamwork can’t be completed because we’re missing their input.”
At the Supreme Court, 95% of female employees, including three judges, stopped work on Monday, the newspaper El Economista reported. Some of the few women who did show up for work at the nation’s highest court wore purple kerchiefs in a show of solidarity with the feminist movement.
A women’s forum was scheduled to take place at the lower house of Congress, the Chamber of Deputies, but no lawmakers – female or male – showed up. A sign on the door of National Action Party Deputy Laura Rojas Hernández, the president of the lower house, simply said: “closed due to strike.”
In the Mexico City Metro, women were absent from many stations’ ticket offices, ensuring long lines to purchase tickets at recently installed machines. Train cars reserved exclusively for women were at least half empty, even in peak travel periods.
Many major banks closed hundreds of their branches on Monday due to a lack of tellers to attend to customers. BBVA shut down 53% of its 1,800 branches, Citibanamex only opened 428 out of more than 1,400 and Santander closed around half of its 1,200 banks.
“My five female colleagues didn’t come; we were overwhelmed with work,” a BBVA employee in the south of Mexico City told El Financiero.
The absence of women was also notable at President López Obrador’s regular morning news conference, with just six female journalists in attendance, according to a report by the newspaper Milenio.
The widespread participation of females in the national strike also meant less traffic on the nation’s roads, fewer social media posts by Mexican women and lighter than normal pedestrian traffic in city streets.
An area reserved for women at a Mexico City Metro station was deserted yesterday.
However, while millions responded to the call to skip their normal daily activities, many others did attend their jobs, mostly out of necessity. Doctors, nurses, lawyers, policewomen and supermarket employees were among the female workers who carried on with their regular Monday activities.
“Conviction, commitment and responsibility moves us” to continue working, said Érika Guerrero Jáuregui, deputy head of nursing at the Dr. Antonio Fraga Mouret Specialist Hospital in Mexico City.
“We can make ourselves more visible by working. … I decided to work, firstly, [out of duty] to the institution [to which I belong] and secondly because of the commitment I have to women. This is my support [to the feminist movement] – going to work to attend to other women who need my help,” she said.
Law professor Italy Desire taught her regular Monday class in Mexico City, telling Milenio: “I believe that one of the best tools women have to eradicate violence is education – so I can’t deny my students the opportunity to be here.”
Alexa Carmona, a criminal lawyer in the capital, said that she had “important trials” to attend on Monday, explaining “it’s not easy to not come and leave them for tomorrow.”
Despite her own inability to join the strike, Carmona said that she supported “all the women who decided to stay at home.”
Teresa, a juice vendor at the Cuauhtémoc market in Mexico City, succinctly summed up her decision not to join the strike, telling El Financiero: “if you don’t work, you don’t earn.”
However, the decision of millions of other women to stay away from work on Monday no doubt exacted a heavy toll on an already ailing Mexican economy. Citibanamex analysts estimated that the economy would take a 43.5-billion-peso (US $2.1 billion) hit as a result of the strike while those at BBVA forecast a more modest 34-billion-peso impact.
The absence of women from learning institutions and workplaces on Monday, and the consequent emphasis it placed on the huge contribution they make, led many Mexican men to the same conclusion, El Financiero reported: “Another day without women – please no.”
Mireles and his wife at an art exhibition in Mexico City last month.
A subdelegate of the State Workers Social Security Institute (ISSSTE) in Michoacán has been suspended from his duties for five days for derogatory comments about women he made in September of last year.
The sanctions he was given, which included a public admonishment, were also in response to a September 9 meeting in which Mireles was recorded telling medical staff at a hospital in Uruapan that the union leader had asked him to create a position for “una nueva nalguita,” which translates roughly as “a nice new ass.”
The Ministry of Public Administration (SFP), which handed down the sanction, said that its code of ethics mandates that public functionaries should promote and practice equal treatment of both men and women and avoid any actions that diminish human dignity, rights and liberties or that constitute any form of discrimination.
“It also establishes that public servants should eliminate any discriminatory language based on gender stereotypes and foster an egalitarian and inclusive culture,” said the SFP.
The ministry said it guaranteed Mireles his right to be heard before a court during its investigation and that it will respect any appeals or other legal actions he may want to take.
“The SFP has as one of its goals the promotion of a new ethic, with a gender perspective, in public service, to guarantee the integrity and human rights of women, and it asks public servants to comply with the obligation to observe discipline and respect of the citizenry during the execution of their duties,” the ministry added.
Mireles, 60, made headlines again in late September when he married a 21-year-old woman.
López-Gatell announces the purchase of medications for cancer patients.
The Health Ministry has invested 91 million pesos (US $4.4 million) in cancer medications to combat the drug shortages being experienced in several parts of the country.
Deputy Health Minister Hugo López-Gatell announced on Tuesday that the government bought the drugs from five different countries to offset the shortfalls created by what he called a monopoly by the private sector.
He said that the lack of cancer meds was due to “the private sector, which has had a monopoly in the last six years.”
The government bought 542,677 doses of life-saving cancer medications like methotrexate, vincristine, cyclophosphamide and others.
“This is a failure of private suppliers and since we saw the first manifestation of this failure, which was around the middle of last year, we have begun this strategy to purchase internationally,” he said.
He said that they bought the drugs for 5% less than the prices paid in 2018 by looking to international markets, primarily in Argentina, Spain, France, India and the United States.
The Health Ministry assured the public that the international providers who sold the drugs have all the necessary certifications to guarantee their safety, effectiveness and quality.
“We implemented the process of pharmacovigilance for all of the medications, with the objective of identifying any adverse qualities or lack of effectiveness to guarantee the safety of the patient,” said López-Gatell.
President López Obrador said that his administration is trying to raise up the country’s health system so the Mexican people can be guaranteed free medications and assured of their constitutional right to health.
He reiterated that his goal is to bring about changes by December 1 of this year to ensure that “the health system is running well, that there are no medication shortages, that we don’t lack doctors, that facilities are in good condition.”
Security forces at the scene of the rail blockade Tuesday morning.
Teachers who blocked railroad tracks in the municipality of Rafael Grajales, Puebla, to protest being laid off cleared the tracks and ended their protest after state police and the National Guard were deployed to remove them.
Although there was no physical confrontation, protest leader Diana Montes Hernández said that she considered the manner in which they were forced to leave the tracks an attack by the state.
“We were surrounded. We want to think that this wasn’t [an order from] the president … [but] we were surrounded by over 400 state police, over 600 National Guard troops, drones, over 50 trucks,” she said.
“We decided to withdraw. We don’t want deaths, we don’t want injuries. We are just asking that our demands be heard. The president … comes from [social] movements; he knows that they have left us no other alternatives, … but today it seemed like other agreements were more important to him than taking care of the teachers,” she said.
The demands of the approximately 1,500 teachers include the democratization of the SNTE teachers’ union and their reinstatement to their teaching positions.
Ferrosur announced las week that it was forced to suspend the transportation of cargo between Veracruz and the Valley of México due to the protest, reporting that it had 144,000 tonnes of products it was unable to move.
The 1,300-year-old road between the cities of Cobá and Yaxuná is the longest ever built by the Maya. Courtesy of Traci Ardren (University of Miami), Proyecto Sacbe Yacuna-Coba, and Cultural Heritage Engineering Initiative
A Mayan warrior queen may have ordered the construction of a 100-kilometer limestone road on the Yucatán Peninsula in the 7th century in order to invade one city and respond to the rising influence of another.
Archaeologists and anthropologists who studied Sacbe 1, or White Road 1, using the laser surveying method known as lidar (light detection and ranging) believe that the queen of the Maya city of Cobá, Lady K’awiil Ajaw, possibly ordered its construction around 680 A.D. so that her armies could travel along it in order to conquer Yaxuná – a Mayan city 100 kilometers to the west in modern day Yucatán state – as well as other smaller cities along the way.
Travis Stanton, an archaeologist at the University of California and lead author of a report published in the Journal of Archeological Science subtitled “An analysis of lidar data along the great road between Cobá and Yaxuná,” said that K’awiil Ajaw was one of the most powerful and hostile leaders of ancient Cobá. Carved stone monuments, or steles, depict her standing over hostages, he said.
“The bellicose nature of her monuments” suggested that she was the leader who built the road to Yaxuná, Stanton said.
According to Traci Ardren, an archaeologist, University of Miami professor of anthropology and second lead author of the report, the warrior queen may have ordered the road to be built in order to counter the growing influence of Chichén Itzá, a large Mayan city located about 23 kilometers north of Yaxuná that is one of the new seven wonders of the world.
“I personally think the rise of Chichén Itzá and its allies motivated the road,” she said.
“It was built just before 700, at the end of the Classic Period, when Cobá is making a big push to expand. It’s trying to hold on to its power, so with the rise of Chichén Itzá, it needed a stronghold in the center of the peninsula. The road is one of the last-gasp efforts of Cobá to maintain its power. And we believe it may have been one of the accomplishments of K’awiil Ajaw, who is documented as having conducted wars of territorial expansion,” Ardren said.
“The lidar really allowed us to understand the road in much greater detail. It helped us identify many new towns and cities along the road – new to us, but preexisting the road. We also now know the road is not straight, which suggests that it was built to incorporate these preexisting settlements, and that has interesting geopolitical implications. This road was not just connecting Cobá and Yaxuná; it connected thousands of people who lived in the intermediary region.”
The National Council of Science and Technology (Conacyt) hid a damning report on the Maya Train before a vote was held on the project last December.
At the end of September 2019, the council invited more than 30 researchers to participate in a group that was tasked with carrying out an analysis of the risks that the construction and operation of the 1,500-kilometer railroad will entail.
After a consultation and vote on the project was announced in the middle of November, Conacyt urged the researchers to move quickly to submit their report, telling them that it would be publicly disseminated before the plebiscite took place.
The researchers obliged, submitting their report to Conacyt between December 10 and 12, according to sources who spoke with the newspaper El Universal.
As a result, the federal agency had a window of three to five days to distribute the report before the December 15 vote that found more than 92% support for the Maya Train, President López Obrador’s signature infrastructure project.
However, it failed to make the report available to both government ministries and the general public.
“They [Conacyt] imposed a very short time frame on us … asking us to submit something, and we did. But that’s where it stopped,” said a researcher who spoke with El Universal on the condition of anonymity.
“They told us that it was too late and that they didn’t want to release it before the consultation in order not to influence it.”
Consequently, the report was unable to fulfill its key stated aim before the vote took place: to provide information about the rail project to the “different actors of society, government and academia who have an interest or responsibility … to guarantee … the public good.”
The contents of the report certainly had the potential to change opinion about the railroad that will link cities and towns in the states of Yucatán, Quintana Roo, Campeche, Chiapas and Tabasco, as the researchers determined that its construction and operation would have negative impacts in a broad range of areas.
Obtained by El Universal, the report (Spanish only) said that the project would affect at least 10 natural protected areas in Campeche, Chiapas and Quintana Roo, including the Palenque National Park and the Sian Ki’an Biosphere Reserve.
The Conacyt report, prepared prior to the Maya Train consultation.
Construction and operation of the railroad will undermine the capacity of ecosystems to replenish the water table and capture carbon, the report added.
The researchers also found that 1,288 archaeological sites are within 10 kilometers of the proposed route and that they could suffer a “direct impact” from the operation of the train.
The heavy loads of trains traveling near pre-Hispanic settlements and the increased number of visitors they will transport to them could cause “irretrievable damage” to the sites and their cultural relics, the report said.
It appears that the government has taken that finding into account, at least partially, as the chief of the National Tourism Promotion Fund, Rogelio Jiménez Pons, announced last week that a line between Valladolid, Yucatán, and Tulum, Quintana Roo, will not go ahead due to the large number of archaeological sites around Cobá in the latter state as well as problems with the subsoil in the area
The researchers contracted by Conacyt also found that 143,00o people living in 197 indigenous communities would be adversely affected by the construction and operation of the railroad.
In addition, the report said that cooperatives and individuals who cede land to the government for the project will not necessarily benefit financially because they will be compensated with shares that will be listed on the Mexican stock exchange and “whose performance is not guaranteed.”
Jobs to be generated by the construction of the project will only last for a short time and most will be poorly remunerated, the report said, adding that the operation of the Maya Train and its intent to stimulate tourism in southeastern Mexico will lead to the “increase of illicit activities such as human trafficking and the movement and use of drugs.”
Migrants aiming to travel through Mexico to the United States’ southern border could travel illegally on freight trains that will use the same tracks as tourist trains.
The Conacyt report adds to a range of concerns already raised by experts and indigenous groups in the five states through which the US $7-billion railroad is slated to run.
A group of Maya and Ch’ol people has already been granted a definitive suspension order against the project that applies to one community in the Campeche municipality of Calakmul, and it is likely that other indigenous groups will also file legal action against the Maya Train, one of a trio of large projects that the government is betting will bring greater prosperity to the underdeveloped and impoverished southeast of the country.
