Mexico will achieve peace without violence: AMLO addresses Nobel Peace laureates

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September 20, 2019

Peace Prize winner Rigoberta Menchú of Guatemala speaks at the Mérida summit.

President López Obrador has told Nobel Peace Prize laureates gathered in Mérida, Yucatán, for a four-day summit that his government is determined to achieve peace in Mexico without resorting to authoritarianism or the use of force.

Speaking at a welcome dinner on Thursday for the attendees of the 17th World Summit of Nobel Peace Laureates, López Obrador said that he is committed to finding a peaceful solution to the violence plaguing the country.

“What we want is to achieve total peace but we don’t want a peace achieved with authoritarianism, with the use of force. We don’t want a peace of graves, we want peace that originates in the delivery of justice, we’ve always said that peace is the result of justice,” he said.

“We have problems of insecurity and violence and [past governments] have wanted to confront the scourge of violence with the use of force, with prisons, with heavy-handed threats and harsher [prison] sentences – even with extremely authoritarian acts – with raids, with massacres, with exterminations and it’s been proven that it doesn’t work, that we have to attend to the causes that give rise to violence,” the president said.

After charging that the idea that people are “evil by nature” is “outdated, anachronistic and conservative,” López Obrador said that his government’s pacification strategy for Mexico includes providing employment and study opportunities for the country’s young people, who he claimed were abandoned by past governments.

Guests pose with President López Obrador at Mérida summit.

He said earlier this week that the government’s welfare programs, the National Guard, the campaign against the consumption of drugs, preventing corruption in the justice system, respecting human rights and confronting arms trafficking were all part of the plan to bring peace to Mexico.

The president told the peace prize winners, among whom were former Colombian president Juan Manuel Santos and Guatemalan human rights activist Rigoberta Menchú, that his administration has an “enormous” task ahead of it in order to “carry out a transformation” of Mexico “without violence.”

But the enormity of the task – Mexico is on track to record its most violent year in recent history in 2019 – doesn’t justify “more of the same,” López Obrador said, again referring to the strategy of past governments to use force to attempt to combat crime.

The president said his election didn’t represent “a simple change of government” but rather “a change of regime,” a reference to the “fourth transformation” he says he is bringing to Mexico.

The peace summit, which commenced on Thursday and will run until Sunday, comes just days after López Obrador sent a proposal to Congress for an amnesty law that would allow some criminals, including young people convicted of minor drug offenses, to be released from prison.

Colombia passed a similar amnesty law in late 2016 that protected guerrilla fighters of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, or FARC, from prosecution for minor crimes committed during the country’s more than 50-year-long civil war.

Former Colombian president Juan Manuel Santos issued a warning about amnesty.

Juan Manuel Santos, who was president of Colombia between 2010 and 2018 and the Nobel Peace Prize winner in 2016, said on Twitter on December 28, 2016 that Congress’ approval of the amnesty law was the “first step towards the consolidating peace.”

However, asked about López Obrador’s amnesty plan at a press conference in Mérida on Thursday, the ex-president expressed a very different view.

“Amnesty has evolved. The world learned that the clean slate [approach] has more problems than benefits in the long run. But transitional justice . . . returns rights to victims,” Santos said.

Transitional justice includes measures such as criminal prosecutions, the establishment of truth commissions, the payment of reparation for victims of human rights violations and the reform of laws and institutions, including the police, judiciary and military, according to the International Center for Transitional Justice.

Santos also told reporters that the solution to the problem of drug trafficking lies in the lifting of the prohibition of narcotics.

“Prohibition is the source of criminality . . . The world has to evolve toward what happened with liquor in the United States,” the ex-president said referring to the end of prohibition in 1933.

“It’s been 45 years since the war on drugs was declared and the war hasn’t been won. Colombia is the country that has had the most victims and we’re still the main exporter of cocaine.”

Source: Milenio (sp)

2 years later, earthquake repairs to damaged buildings have some way to go

By

MND Staff

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September 19, 2019

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Two years after two powerful earthquakes shook southern and central Mexico, repairs of damaged buildings are only 30% complete, the federal government has reported.

At Wednesday’s presidential press conference, Urban Development Secretary Román Meyer Falcón and national reconstruction coordinator David Cervantes provided an overview of the reconstruction progress that has been made since the earthquakes of September 7 and 19, 2017.

More than 186,000 homes, 19,198 schools, 297 hospitals and health care centers and 2,340 historical buildings in 700 municipalities were damaged in the two quakes, Meyer said.

Repairs of homes are 26% complete but by the end of the year that figure is expected to increase to 41%, Cervantes said. Guerrero and Morelos are leading the way in terms of the numbers of houses repaired or rebuilt.

Reconstruction of schools is 59% complete, while only 17% progress has been made on healthcare infrastructure, Cervantes said.

The Secretariat of Public Education said separately that repairs at schools in México state, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Puebla, Mexico City, Morelos, Tlaxcala, Michoacán, Guerrero, Hidalgo and Veracruz are ongoing. The Oaxaca Congress said earlier this month that only 80 of 5,000 schools that were damaged in the 8.2-magnitude earthquake on September 7 have been fully repaired.

Repairs of cultural and historical buildings are 47% complete, Cervantes said, explaining that the various figures equate to overall reconstruction progress of 30%.

Meyer and Cervantes said the National Reconstruction Program has prioritized repairs in areas that suffered the most extensive damage as well as those with high levels of violence and large indigenous populations.

In 2019, the federal government allocated 28.3 billion pesos (US $1.45 billion) for earthquake reconstruction, they said.

President López Obrador told reporters at yesterday’s press conference that his government won’t put a limit on the resources it will provide for earthquake rebuilding, adding that he expects repairs to be completed by the end of 2020 with the exception of some hospitals and churches that require major work.

He also said that construction companies who defrauded victims of their financial aid money must be held accountable in accordance with the law.

Rescue workers in Mexico City two years ago.

“Nobody is protected anymore, if fraud was committed . . . the developers must take responsibility . . .” López Obrador said.

Meyer pointed out that fraud wasn’t the only problem with the previous government’s earthquake aid program.

After the new government took office last December, it was discovered that a lot of families whose homes were damaged in one of the two September 2017 earthquakes didn’t receive the financial support they were promised, the secretary said.

“In states such as Chiapas, Morelos and Guerrero, the majority of affected families received incomplete support . . . In Chiapas, one in three families never received resources for reconstruction,” he said.

Cervantes said the government has handed out about 30,000 new stored-value cards to earthquake victims who didn’t receive the support they should have.

In the aftermath of the two devastating earthquakes, the previous federal government announced that people who lost their homes completely would receive financial support of 120,000 pesos (US $6,200 at today’s exchange rate) while owners of homes with repairable damage such as floor cracks or the partial collapse of a wall or roof would get 30,000 pesos.

In an interview with the newspaper El Economista, Cervantes said that unlike the previous government, the current administration is making sure that financial aid gets to the people who need it and is also following up to verify that the money is used for its intended purpose.

However – as the statistics on house repairs indicate – a lot of earthquake victims are still waiting for their homes to be fixed.

Karina Solís, a resident of the southern Mexico City borough of Tláhuac, told El Economista that her home sustained serious damage in the September 19 quake and that she and her family live in constant fear that it could collapse if another strong temblor were to occur.

Solís said that she and other affected residents of the capital who belong to the group United Victims of Mexico City are in a time-consuming and tiring battle with authorities to get them to repair and rebuild their homes and other damaged urban infrastructure.

“My life changed,” Solís said, explaining that if she’s not at work, she’s more often than not meeting with other earthquake victims to discuss what can be done to draw attention to their plight.

María Elena Vargas, a middle school Spanish teacher in the Mexico City borough of Iztapalapa, said that two years after the September 19 earthquake students of the Luis Pasteur 198 Secondary School are still taking classes in makeshift classrooms in the parking lot of a public park because repairs at the school haven’t been completed.

“They have been two years with a lot of difficulty. We’re not working in an optimal environment . . . If it’s difficult for the teachers, for the children it’s worse. When it’s hot the temperature in the prefabricated classrooms goes right up and apart from that they’ve been flooded,” she said.

Meanwhile, memorial services were held on Thursday to remember the victims of the 7.1-magnitude earthquake that rattled Mexico City and central states such as Puebla, Morelos and Tlaxcala.

One of the services was held outside the Unidad Multifamiliar Tlalpan, an apartment complex in southern Mexico City where several people were killed when one of the buildings collapsed. Almost 500 people were killed in the September 7 and 19 earthquakes and thousands more were injured.

In Mexico City and other parts of the country, citizens participated in a mass drill on Thursday in preparation for the next big earthquake. Thousands of buildings in the capital were evacuated during the drill, which is held annually on September 19 – the day that a huge earthquake devastated Mexico City in 1985.

Two years ago, the drill was held in the morning and just hours later, an earthquake struck. However, as a result of the epicenter’s proximity to Mexico City, buildings were already swaying – or falling – when the seismic alarm was activated.

Source: El Financiero (sp), El Economista (sp), Milenio (sp)

Federal austerity dishes out a 30% wallop to conventions industry

By

Cody Copeland

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September 19, 2019

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Cancellations of government meetings and conferences have caused a 30% decline in the number of events coordinated by the Mexican Council of Industrial Meetings (COMIR) in the first eight months of the year.

COMIR President Jaime Salazar said the government’s “republican austerity” policy has directly affected the conventions industry, which contributes 1.8% of the country’s gross domestic product and is worth US $35 billion annually.

What’s more, commercial expositions in the automotive, infrastructure and pharmaceutical sectors have seen reductions of up to 25% as of August, due to the decline in domestic consumption.

“There are sectors like construction — which hosts 27 conventions a year in the country — that have had to cut their events budgets by 25%,” said Salazar.

Despite Tourism Secretary Miguel Torruco having emphasized “industry without chimneys,” meaning tourism, there have been no concrete actions to shore up the industry and avoid a bigger drop during the remainder of the year.

“This type of fall — and so we don’t get into polemics, this is very clear — this disaster is a consequence of the cancellation of all the activities and meetings of the federal government beginning this year, this directly hits the conventions industry,” said Salazar.

Mexico City is one of the most important centers for the conventions industry in Latin America, but it is projected to lose its status among the major events hosting cities in the region.

According to predictions by conventions company CWT Meetings and Events, the Mexican capital will be surpassed by Sao Paulo, Bogotá, Lima, and Rio de Janeiro as the main metropolises for organizing conventions.

Still, Salazar remains bullish about the future.

“Although the 2018 presidential elections in the two largest economies of Latin America — Brazil and Mexico — created a cautionary climate, the expectations for 2020-21 are much different: we’re expecting strong growth,” he said.

Source: El Financiero (sp)

OECD lops growth rate forecast to just 0.5% for 2019 from May’s 1.6%

By

MND Staff

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September 19, 2019

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Latest growth forecast reduction comes from the OECD.

The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has cut its 2019 growth forecast for Mexico to just 0.5% from an outlook of 1.6% in May.

Published on Thursday, the OECD Interim Economic Outlook noted that “GDP growth has slowed sharply in Mexico this year, in part due to temporary factors such as strikes and higher policy uncertainty.”

Strikes closed scores of factories in Tamaulipas in January, while a prolonged rail blockade by teachers in Michoacán during the same month cost the economy billions of pesos. The Mexican economy contracted by 0.3% in the first quarter of the year.

The 1.1% cut to Mexico’s 2019 growth outlook is among the biggest downgrades the OECD made to its individual country forecasts in the report.

The forecast for 2020 was not spared the axe either.

The outlook said that “lower interest rates, strong remittances and the increase in the minimum wage should help [Mexico’s] GDP growth to strengthen to 1.5% in 2020,” down 0.5% from the 2% economic expansion the OECD predicted in its May Economic Outlook.

The newspaper El Economista noted that the outlook for next year is also below the government’s 2% growth target, on which the 2020 Economic Package is predicated.

The OECD revision is the latest in a long line of downgrades to the 2019 outlook for the Mexican economy, which recorded 0.0% growth in the second quarter of the year.

The International Monetary Fund cut its growth forecast to 0.9% in July, a 0.7% reduction compared to its April outlook, while Mexico’s central bank slashed its economic expansion expectation in August to a range between 0.2% and 0.7% from a May prediction of 0.8% to 1.8%.

The OECD also cut its 2019 and 2020 outlooks for Mexico’s largest trading partner, the United States, in Thursday’s report. The U.S. economy will grow by 2.4% this year and 2% in 2020, the OECD said, forecasts that are 0.4% and 0.3% lower, respectively, than those it made in May.

The Paris-based organization also said that “global growth is projected to slow to 2.9% in 2019 and 3% in 2020,” adding that “these would be the weakest annual growth rates since the financial crisis, with downside risks continuing to mount.”

Source: El Economista (sp)

Lorena downgraded but hurricane watch in effect for Baja

By

MND Staff

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September 19, 2019

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A beach in Jalisco after Lorena made landfall Thursday morning. — A beach in Jalisco Thursday morning.

Tropical storm Lorena strengthened to make landfall in Jalisco as a Category 1 hurricane early on Thursday, delivering torrential rain, strong winds and large swells to the Pacific coast of western and southern Mexico.

The system was downgraded soon after to a tropical storm but is expected to regain strength and a hurricane watch is now in effect for part of the Baja California peninsula.

The National Meteorological Service (SMN) said Lorena made landfall 13 kilometers to the east-northeast of Playa Pérula, Jalisco, at 4:00am.

The storm brought torrential rain, wind gusts in excess of 110 kilometers per hour and generated three to five-meter swells. The SMN warned that heavy rain could cause landslides and flash flooding.

The United States National Hurricane Center (NHC) said at 1:00pm CDT that Lorena was offshore about 100 kilometers northwest of Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco, and 415 kilometers southeast of Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur. Although the center of the storm is moving farther offshore, heavy rains continue along the southwestern coast of Mexico.

The storm is moving toward the northwest at 17 kilometers per hour but a turn to the west-northwest is expected tonight, the NHC said.

Lorena is forecast to regain hurricane strength in the next 24 hours and pass near or just south of the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula on Friday night.

A hurricane watch is in effect for the Baja California peninsula between La Paz and Santa Fe, while a tropical storm warning is in effect for Manzanillo, Colima, to Punta Mita, Nayarit, and the Baja peninsula between Los Barriles and Todos Santos.

The NHC said that coastal areas of the states of Michoacán, Colima and Jalisco can expect to receive 13-25 centimeters of rain over the next few days with maximum downpours of as much as 38 cm. The rain could produce life threatening flash floods and landslides.

Jalisco Governor Enrique Alfaro said on Twitter that Civil Protection services and the navy are attending to people in need but added that there have been no reports of loss of life. The Cuixmala river broke its banks in the municipality of La Huerta and flooded agricultural land, he said.

Baja California Sur Governor Carlos Mendoza Davis said that the state Civil Protection Council will meet in La Paz on Friday to monitor Lorena and advised residents to follow all instructions issued by authorities.

Source: Notimex (sp)

Michoacán’s new C5 security center biggest in Latin America

By

Simon Schatzberg

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September 19, 2019

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Inauguration ceremony inside Michoacán's new command center. — The inauguration ceremony held Wednesday inside Michoacán's new command center.

Federal and state authorities inaugurated a statewide security system in Michoacán on Wednesday that is the biggest of its kind in Latin America.

The C5-i system (short for Command, Communications, Computation, Control, Coordination and Intelligence) connects 11 sub-centers around Michoacán that allow authorities to monitor activities across the state.

Governor Silvano Aureoles told the inauguration ceremony in Morelia, the state capital, that he hopes to collaborate with the federal government on security policy through the C5-i.

“My government will not spare any cost to work and coordinate with the federal government on this strategy,” he said. “These installations are the result of a great effort that we have been making to address this complicated issue.”

He said he supports the deployment of 4,050 additional National Guard troops to Michoacán, but noted that state and municipal authorities also have a role to play in security.

“The National Guard itself has federal responsibilities, and will help us a lot in our local responsibilities,” he said. “But us, the municipal and state governments, need to do our part too.”

The governor also announced that one of the first tasks of the C5-i will be a pilot program to combat homicide.

“Learning from the experience of the anti-kidnapping program, we’re going to start a pilot program to fight homicide,” he said. “We’re also going to invest in the Attorney General’s Office, because it’s another vital part of any strategy against violence and impunity.”

Federal Public Security Secretary Alfonso Durazo praised the governor for his collaboration in creating the system.

“Governor Silvano Aureoles has been a great ally to the federal government in general, but today I want to recognize specifically his commitment to public security,” he said.

Durazo also thanked Michoacán business owners for agreeing to a tax increase of between 2% and 3% to pay for public security efforts.

The C5-i has 360 employees who monitor 18,250 emergency panic buttons in public places and over 6,000 security cameras around Michoacán.

Source: La Razón (sp), Reporte Índigo (sp)

Mexico City children’s hospital warns cancer drug shortage imminent again

By

MND Staff

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September 19, 2019

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Drug manufacturer's permission to produce cancer medication has been suspended.

A Mexico City children’s hospital is warning yet again of a possible shortage of chemotherapy drugs.

The director of the Federico Gómez Children’s Hospital of Mexico (HIMFG) has warned lawmakers of an imminent shortage of the cancer drug methotrexate. But he claims that the federal health regulator has the capacity to provide an immediate solution to the problem.

During a meeting of the Senate Health Commission at the Mexico City hospital on Tuesday, Jaime Nieto Zermeño told senators, parents of children with cancer and federal health officials that the hospital’s supply of the chemotherapy agent will only last for the next two or three weeks.

However, he said, the pharmaceutical company PiSA could supply the drug to the hospital immediately if its authorization had not been stripped by the Federal Commission for Protection Against Sanitary Risk (Cofepris).

“PiSA . . . has the capacity to supply methotrexate the moment that the commission releases its certificate of good practice . . . The methotrexate problem can be solved so that the children who require the medication are not left without it,” Nieto said.

Cofepris suspended the authorization of a Jalisco-based PiSA subsidiary in May following a bacteria outbreak. But in a statement on August 27, the commission said that PiSA could sell and distribute methotrexate made before the suspension was imposed. Cofepris chief Alonso Novelo didn’t attend the Senate Health Commission meeting.

National Action Party (PAN) Senator Martha Márquez told the newspaper El Universal that the “revealing fact” that emerged from the meeting is that PiSA has the capacity to provide methotrexate but cannot supply it due to the Cofepris sanction.

“That’s why there’s a shortage because they’re the only ones that have produced [the drug],” she said.

Márquez said that directors of other hospitals are also concerned about the shortage of medications but are too afraid to speak out because they believe that doing so could result in them losing their jobs.

She said the National Cancer Institute and the Siglo XXI National Medical Center are among the health care facilities where there are “similar situations” to that in the HIMFG.

The PAN senator added that a Health Secretariat finance official revealed at the meeting that resources are not reaching Mexico’s health institutes as they did in the past.

“He explained that the Secretariat of Finance SHCP used to transfer money to the Health Secretariat after July . . . but we’re now almost in October and that hasn’t happened . . .” Márquez said.

Medicine shortages reported in more than 20 states earlier this year were blamed on federal budget cuts to the health sector but Health Secretary Jorge Alcocer said in May that the problem had been “fixed” after the SHCP released more than 2 billion pesos in funding that had been withheld.

However, at a protest at the Mexico City airport in late August, parents of cancer patients said there had been no cancer drugs for 1 1/2 months at both the HIMFG and the 20 de Noviembre hospital.

With methotrexate supplies at the former hospital on the verge of running out and PiSA unable to replenish them, the father of a cancer patient receiving treatment at the HIMFG revealed at yesterday’s meeting that at his and other parents’ request, oncology director Luis Enrique Juárez Villegas asked Cofepris to approve an “extraordinary importation” of the drug.

However, the health regulator has not yet responded, Israel Rivas Bastidas said.

He urged Cofepris to reinstate PiSA’s authorization to produce and distribute methotrexate so that child cancer patients can continue to receive the chemotherapy treatment they need.

“A concrete fact is that PiSA has the medication but [the company] is sanctioned . . . If I were the government, I would allow PiSA to release the medications . . . to save the lives of the children.”

Source: El Universal (sp)

Interjet suspends pilot who made ‘bomb-the-zócalo’ suggestion

By

Simon Schatzberg

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September 19, 2019

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Pilot García has apologized for her remark.

Proposing that a bomb be dropped on the Mexico City zócalo during the Independence Day ceremony didn’t go over well in many quarters, and particularly with the Mexican airline Interjet, which has suspended the pilot who made the remark.

The airline temporarily suspended pilot Alí Ximena García and another employee after the former issued the threat on Wednesday.

“A bomb should fall in the zócalo . . . it would help all of us out,” said García in a Facebook post.

Another Interjet employee, Gabriela García Orozco, commented on the post, saying, “I support you.”

In a press release, Interjet said the two employees have been temporarily suspended for further evaluations.

“With respect to the unfortunate statements made by two of our employees, we want to say that following our security protocols, we have temporarily removed them from the airline as we proceed with a series of evaluations,” the airline said.

Alí Ximena García later uploaded a video to Facebook apologizing for her statement.

“I sincerely regret the comment I made, it was an immature comment,” she said. “people who are close to me, my family, my friends, know that I am against violence. I want to offer a sincere apology to my company, which is a great company, to the president, to Mexico, to all the people I truly offended, from the bottom of my heart, I apologize.”

Source: El Financiero (sp)

Drought affecting 66% of country after rainfall down 19% this year

By

MND Staff

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September 18, 2019

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Drought conditions are the worst in Veracruz and Oaxaca.

Two-thirds of Mexico’s territory is in drought after almost 20% less rain than normal fell between January 1 and September 15, National Water Commission (Conagua) officials said on Tuesday.

Francisco Javier Aparicio Mijares, Conagua’s chief of engineering and binational water issues, told attendees at a meeting of the Droughts and Floods Inter-Secretarial Commission that 66.6% of the country was experiencing drought of varying degrees of severity at the end of August.

Six municipalities in the states of Oaxaca and Veracruz are currently afflicted by the worst drought conditions in the country, according to the drought monitor operated by the National Meteorological Service (SMN), a Conagua department.

SMN chief Jorge Zavala said that rainfall was down 19.3% in the first eight and a half months of the year in comparison with average levels, adding that drought conditions were exacerbated by record-breaking temperatures in August.

The SMN reported this week that the average nationwide temperature in August was 27 C, 3.3 degrees higher than normal.

drought map — Worst affected areas are shown in brown (exceptional conditions) and in red (extreme).

For his part, Conagua surface water chief Alfredo Ocón said that water levels in Mexico’s 206 primary reservoirs are on average 16% lower than is normally the case at this time of year.

During August and the first half of September, rainfall capture in 13 of the country’s 20 largest dams was more than 10% lower than average, he said.

Víctor Alcocer Yamanaka, a Conagua deputy director, said the deficit in Mexico’s main reservoirs added up to more than 13 million cubic meters of water, which he explained was the worst shortfall in the last five years.

He described the situation as “worrying” but added that water-saving measures are being implemented at a local level depending on the severity of the conditions faced.

Distribution via the massive Cutzamala system, which supplies water to Mexico City and parts of México state, has been reduced by 10% since September 12, Alcocer said.

He added that almost 102 million liters of water was trucked into 11 municipalities in Campeche, Coahuila, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Sonora and Veracruz between September 10 and 16 in order to alleviate pressure on depleted local reservoirs.

Since the new federal government took office last December, Conagua tanker trucks have supplied water to 33 drought-affected municipalities in 12 states, the deputy director said.

Source: El Universal (sp)

Tropical Storm Lorena strengthens, hurricane warning issued

By

Tony Richards

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September 18, 2019

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Lorena's forecast track as of 4:00pm Wednesday. Hurricane warning area is indicated in red. us national hurricane center

A hurricane warning is in effect between Punto San Telmo, Michoacán, and Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco, as Tropical Storm Lorena gains strength off the southwestern coast of Mexico.

The United States National Hurricane Center said at 4:00pm CDT on Wednesday that the storm was situated about 125 kilometers south of Manzanillo, Colima, and 310 kilometers south-southeast of Cabo Corrientes and moving toward the northwest.

It is expected to move near or over the coast within the hurricane warning area tonight and Thursday, after which it is forecast to move away from the coast late Thursday and Friday. Additional strengthening could take place at that point.

The storm could threaten southern Baja California Sur on the weekend as a hurricane, forecasters said, but the forecast remained uncertain due to the potential for land interaction Wednesday night and Thursday.

Heavy rain is expected in Guerrero, Michoacán, Colima and Jalisco over the next few days.

A tropical storm warning is in effect between Zihuatanejo, Guerrero, and Punta San Telmo and from Cabo Corrientes to Punta Mita, Nayarit.

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