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Some states proceed with virtual classrooms but for many the school year is on hold

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A few desks too many for safe distances.
A few desks too many for safe distances.

The 2020-21 school year looks set to be like no other as the coronavirus pandemic forces state governments to rethink how education will be delivered to their young residents.

The governments of some states have announced plans to start the new school year with students attending virtual classes but pupils and parents in about half of the country’s 32 entities currently have no idea when learning, either online or in person, will recommence.

In Guerrero, state authorities have announced that primary and middle school students will commence the new school year on August 10 via online classes. However, admission exams for public high schools and teacher training colleges have been postponed until September.

Primary school students in Veracruz will also start virtual classes on August 10 but middle school and high school students will not join their classmates online until September 21.

In Tamaulipas, virtual classes are tentatively slated to commence on August 31. Students in rural areas where internet service is non-existent or unreliable will have the opportunity to study via an educational radio service.

Authorities in Jalisco have said that classes for primary school students will begin on August 17 but they have not yet announced whether they will be held in classrooms or online.

Students in Sinaloa will log into digital classrooms from August 31 while virtual classes are slated to begin in Querétaro and Chihuahua on September 7.

Education authorities in Querétaro are aiming for students to return to their bricks and mortar schools in October but said they will ultimately follow the advice of the federal government.

Among the states where authorities have not yet announced when and/or how the new school year will start are Baja California Sur, Colima, Nayarit, San Luis Potosí, Oaxaca, Yucatán, Michoacán, Puebla, Nuevo León, Quintana Roo, Guanajuato, Aguascalientes, Chiapas, México state and Zacatecas.

According to the newspaper Milenio, the governments of those states have decided to wait for an announcement from the federal Ministry of Public Education next Monday before deciding when the new school year will start, and in some cases whether students will attend online or face-to-face classes.

However, most if not all states are expected to commence the new school year with virtual classes before reopening schools once the coronavirus risk diminishes.

Guanajuato Education Minister Bustamante warns of the need for more classrooms and more teachers.
Guanajuato Education Minister Bustamante warns of the need for more classrooms and more teachers.

Meanwhile, a large number of private schools may never reopen due to financial problems related to the pandemic and associated economic restrictions.

According to estimates by the National Private Schools Association, 25% of more than 48,000 private schools across the country are facing financial difficulties because parents have stopped paying their children’s tuition fees.

As many as 12,000 schools may not be in a position to reopen or even offer online classes, said association president Alfredo Villar Jiménez. He explained that the figure is subject to change depending on the quantity of money schools are able to collect via fees paid before the start of the school year.

Some parents who have lost their jobs due to the pandemic have been forced to remove their children from private schools and seek places for them in public schools instead.

Guanajuato Education Minister Yoloxóchitl Bustamante said at a recent forum that as the number of parents who cannot pay tuition grows – millions of Mexicans have lost their jobs due to the pandemic – the number of private schools that are forced to close will increase.

A significant problem will arise because public schools cannot reject the enrollment of new students but at the same time they don’t have enough space to accept them, she said.

Bustamante said a solution is urgently needed but charged that federal authorities have not yet come up with one.

She added that if schools are to reopen in a “new normal mode,” in which students are required to keep their distance from each other, classroom numbers will have to be reduced by at least half their normal level.

“If we’re going to have extra students from private schools, the only [solution] will be to have more classrooms and teachers, for which there is no budget.”

Source: Milenio (sp), El Financiero (sp) 

Guadalajara video game developers move into the big leagues

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Lullaby of Life is the second video game from Mexico to appear on Apple Arcade.
Lullaby of Life is the second video game from Mexico to appear on Apple Arcade.

In July of 2019, a Mexican video game studio called 1 Simple Game, located in Guadalajara, was invited to participate in Google’s Indie Games Accelerator, which offers special training to a handful of developers selected from all around the world.

That training seems to have paid off as 1 Simple Game now announces that its latest production has been accepted by one of the world’s most exclusive video game platforms: Apple Arcade.

“What’s your new game all about?” I asked director and co-founder of 1 Simple Game, Francisco Lara.

“We call it the Lullaby of Life. It’s an exploratory puzzle game. You are a lovable little character called Bombo, “born from the void of the cosmos,” who has the ability to bring parts of the universe to life, to help the universe evolve. Believe me, it’s a very different game from anything you’ve seen before!”

Lara says Lullaby of Life — which, by the way is in 3D — has received praise for being visually striking, with music so outstanding that the sound track, composed by Oscar Rodríguez of Guadalajara’s Soundscape studio, is already commercially available as a stand-alone item.

“Cute blobs” awaken mysterious creatures floating in the universe.
“Cute blobs” awaken mysterious creatures floating in the universe.

“The idea for this game,” says Lara, “came to us thanks to a yearly event called the Global Game Jam. They present a challenge to all the participants and you have to make a game out of it in 48 hours. Let me point out that there is nothing to win here: it’s just for the fun of it and to help you become better at your skill. So we enter the Global Game Jam every year because we always learn something.

“Now, the challenge they present is just a word, one word on which you will build a whole game. Well, in 2017 the key word was ‘waves.’ Naturally, many of the competitors developed projects related to ocean waves, but we looked at that challenge and we asked ourselves: ‘What about waves of sound which could create life, which could create an entire universe?’ And that became the first draft of what is now The Lullaby of Life.”

From that beginning, it took nine months to bring the project to fruition. Although it began long before the onset of Covid-19, the developers have discovered that this is just the sort of game that would be recommended for people confined to their homes and perhaps depressed by the present state of the world: “The game offers an enjoyable way to take your mind off all the problems you might be having — a good way to disconnect and to enjoy.”

Apple Arcade is a service charging a monthly fee of US $4.99 and offering access to over 100 video games “by many of the world’s most visionary developers,” with no ads. Subscribers can start playing on their iPhone and then jump to a Mac, an iPad or to Apple TV.

“People like this format,” says Lara, “because they can try everything and then play the ones they really like. Apple Arcade is very strict as far as the quality of the games and quality of the visuals and not many games are accepted by them. That’s why we are very proud to have one of our productions on that platform.”

After speaking to Francisco Lara, I had an opportunity to chat with 1 Simple Game’s lead technical artist, Ricardo Ibarra.

1 Simple Game’s team of developers operate out of Guadalajara.
1 Simple Game’s team of developers operate out of Guadalajara.

I asked Ibarra what he liked best about The Lullaby of Life.

“There’s something really unusual about it. Right from the beginning we meant it to be understandable regardless of language. So this game uses very few text prompts. Some games explain everything to you in words, so you have to read or listen to lots of information or instructions. We tried to avoid that at all costs. We actually tried to avoid including any text at all, but at the end of the day it was mandatory in a few cases to clarify what the player’s options were.

“We were able to see how successful we were at the Pixelatl Festival in Cuernavaca in 2017. There we noticed that a lot of children were picking up The Lullaby of Life and playing it with no problem. Well, some of those children looked too young to have learned to read yet!”

“Afterwards, when we we were discussing this game with Apple Arcade, they said, ‘Well you have to do all sorts of adaptations for different countries.’ And we said, ‘Wait a minute, this is something that everyone can pick up. Anybody can play it — so we don’t need much text and it will be very easy to adapt for other countries because the players don’t have to read much at all and it can be enjoyed by all ages.”

Because this game is about creating a whole universe, I asked Ibarra if players might need to know some physics.

“Actually,” he replied, “the Lullaby of Life does have some scientific and also some mystic connotations, but these are not directly expressed to the player; they are just in the subtext of it. Even though we are trying to tell a story, it’s up to the player to pick up the nuances. For example, you are communicating with two beings, but when you zoom out, you discover that they are actually two stars that are getting close to each other … and something very interesting is going to happen when they get entangled.”

The Lullaby of Life - Trailer

Another plus of this game, according to Ibarra, is that “it appeals to the casual players that are intimidated by bigger games. It’s very easy to pick up and play and it’s very casual in that approach, but the way you are guided through the game makes you feel as if you are playing something really big and it gives people that aren’t accustomed to it the feeling that they are now immersed in a very big game.”

Ibarra agrees with Lara that, by pure chance, the Lullaby of Life may be the perfect game for a society oppressed by a pandemic: “The game is relaxing. It doesn’t pressure you into anything. You swim around in a spectacular environment and play notes which produce wonderful effects and all the time it feels really good.”

Finally, here are a few comments from a user: “The game looks and sounds beautiful. I don’t know how a blob is cute, but it is. Honestly, I didn’t think that a word free game would work well. Although it might be confusing in the first five minutes, it is lots of fun. This game is amazing!”

The writer has lived near Guadalajara, Jalisco, for more than 30 years and is the author of A Guide to West Mexico’s Guachimontones and Surrounding Area and co-author of Outdoors in Western Mexico. More of his writing can be found on his website.

BCS coronavirus deaths increase 359% since lockdown was lifted

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#LordPhotoshop, seated at left, posted digitally altered photos to Facebook, adding masks to people's faces.
#LordPhotoshop, seated at left, posted digitally altered photos to Facebook, adding masks to people's faces.

Baja California Sur (BCS) Health Minister Víctor George Flores said this week there has been a 359% increase in coronavirus deaths in the six weeks that the state has been at the orange risk level.

Up until June 15, when the lockdown was partially lifted, the state had seen 37 coronavirus deaths, but as of Friday there have been 169.

According to state statistics, 60% were men and all had comorbidities such as diabetes (52%), hypertension (41%) and obesity (40%). 

The highest concentration of deaths was in La Paz (48%) followed by Los Cabos (27.6%), Comondú (13.5%), Mulegé (8%) and  Loreto with just 1.7%

The total number of coronavirus cases recorded in the state is 4,237. BCS has the highest per capita rate of infection in the country, at 119.62 cases per 100,000 people. By comparison, Mexico City rate is 75.1 cases per 100,000. 

BCS Noticias reports that the federal government is threatening to sanction states, including BCS, that are at maximum risk yet refuse to return to lockdown.  

“If the federal government says you are in red and the state says it is in orange and is going to allow these other activities, the state must answer for its sovereign decisions,” coronavirus czar Hugo López-Gatell explained.

Meanwhile, despite the fact that all beaches in BCS except those in Los Cabos are closed to prevent the spread of the coronavirus, last weekend nearly 800 residents of La Paz thought the rules did not apply to them. 

Susana Rubio Lucero, head of the Federal Terrestrial Maritime Zone of La Paz (Zofemat), said that 303 vehicles and 783 people were turned away when trying to access the beach.

Also turned away was a group of people who refused to follow sanitary protocols when entering the state this week, BCS Noticias reported. 

A bus full of tourists heading south from Mulegé was detained by police at a checkpoint on the road to Santa Rosalía and forced to turn around for failing to comply with sanitary measures, Carlos Godínez of Civil Protection said. The bus had 10 more people than it could safely carry while respecting social distancing guidelines. 

Photoshop fail

Comondú Mayor José Walter Valenzuela Acosta is being mocked on social media for editing images by putting coronavirus masks on the faces of people who appear in photos on his Facebook page, El Debate reports.

“This very productive Thursday in Puerto San Carlos we visited my friends, we listened to their needs, always closely with everyone in the community, of course with healthy distance and all the measures of health and hygiene,” the mayor wrote in a post accompanied by several shots from a recent visit to the fishing village.

It is obvious that light blue face masks have been digitally added, earning him the nickname #LordPhotoshop on social media.

“How embarrassing. He should just acknowledge he wasn’t wearing a mask rather than covering up his negligence in that way,” commented a user. “I don’t know what is more false, his politics or his masks,” wrote another.

Model behavior

Canadian fashion model and former America’s Top Model contestant Winnie Harlow is in Los Cabos to celebrate her 26th birthday. Harlow, who was discovered by Tyra Banks in 2014, is also a spokesperson for the skin condition vitiligo.

The model, who has posted shots of herself poolside at the Nobu Hotel in Cabo San Lucas and riding camels on the beach for her 8.1 million Instagram followers, has been featured in Glamour, Vogue Italia, Cosmopolitan and Ebony magazines, among others.

Film shot in San Ignacio dominates

The film Polvo, shot entirely in San Ignacio, has received a total of 11 nominations for the Ariel Awards, Mexico’s version of the Oscars, including best picture, best actor and actress and best original screenplay. 

Directed by José María Yazpik, who also stars in the film, Polvo tells the story of a man who returns to his hometown after a decade to recover a shipment of cocaine. Yazpik, who spent his summers in San Ignacio as a child, makes the town itself a character in the social satire that has met with positive reviews. The winners will be announced on September 20. 

Mulegé murders

The state Attorney General’s Office (PGJE) reported that shots were fired just after midnight on Monday in the Nueva Oaxaca neighborhood in Villa Alberto Andrés Alvarado Arámburo.

According to BCS Noticias, when authorities arrived on the scene they found three men who had been murdered in the middle of the street. The victims have not been identified. 

Violence against women soars

The general director of the Women’s Institute in Los Cabos, Lorena Cortés Torralbo, reports that violence against women has increased 370% since April, when 80 cases were reported, to July which has seen 376 cases. Calls for help have been so numerous that the organization had to set up an additional hotline to meet the increased demand, BCS Noticias reports. 

Free trees

To fulfill his campaign promise to plant 50,000 trees, the Mayor of La Paz is giving away 2,500 trees to residents of the capital city, BCS Noticias reports. 

The giveaway will take place Fridays and Saturdays in various neighborhoods, reforestation coordinator Erick Daniel Aguilar Velázquez said. The saplings have been grown in the municipal nursery and are ready to plant. Several varieties are available including Washingtonian palms, guava trees and Royal Poinciana, known in Spanish as tabachín.

Mexico News Daily

Mexico signs accord with UN to collaborate in purchase of medical supplies

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Friday's signing of the UN agreement.
Friday's signing of the UN agreement.

The federal government signed an agreement with the United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) on Friday to collaborate on the international purchase of medicines, medical supplies and vaccines.

President López Obrador said the agreement will allow Mexico to obtain high quality medications and equipment all over the world at low prices and thus put an end to shortages.

He said the collaboration with UNOPS will also stamp out corruption in the purchase of medicines, noting that money has been stolen in the past and adulterated products have been distributed.

The president thanked lawmakers for passing a law that enables the government to make consolidated purchases abroad and reiterated that a state-owned company will be created to distribute medicines, medical supplies and vaccines across the country.

Health Minister Jorge Alcocer explained that UNOPS will provide technical assistance and advice to the National Institute of Health for Well-Being — Insabi for short — as the government department prepares to make purchases of medications and medical products abroad.

He said transparency and the absence of corruption are important to the government in such purchases.

Alcocer said Mexican pharmaceutical and medical supplies companies will still be able to bid for government contracts but added that in order to be considered they will have to “comply with the high levels of quality and honesty” the government and UNOPS demand.

UNOPS Mexico director Fernando Cotrim Barbieri said his office will initially collaborate with the government on its 2021 consolidated purchase of medicine and supplies.

Foreign Affairs Minister Marcelo Ebrard noted that UNOPS has also collaborated with Mexican authorities on the tendering process for the Maya Train and a new e-passport, among other projects.

Source: El Financiero (sp), Reforma (sp) 

AMLO says he will start using a face mask when there’s no corruption

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lopez obrador
A rare sight.

It might be a long, long time before President López Obrador wears a face mask to protect himself and others from Covid-19 — it all depends on his war against corruption.

After opposition politicians said they would seek a legal order to have the president wear a mask, he declared Friday that he won’t wear one until the country is free of corruption.

“I am going to put on a mask, you know when? When there is no corruption anymore, then I will put on my mask. So, we have an agreement, let’s hurry to put an end to corruption so I can put on my mask …” he said.

National Action Party legislators in the Chamber of Deputies announced Thursday that they will seek to legally compel the president to wear face masks at public events in order that he set an example to help prevent the spread of the pandemic.

“Science proves it, even if some say it doesn’t. If he used a mask during his visit to Washington, why does he refuse to use it here?” party spokesman Carlos Castaños said. 

Citizens Movement party Deputy Mara Robles of Jalisco has also launched a “plea” that the president wear a mask in public through a petition on change.org.

“Millions of Mexicans trust you. Few politicians have achieved leadership in recent history. For this reason, it is vital to us that you promote the use of the mask for the public and also encourage the undecided, setting an example by using it at your public events,” Robles wrote. As of midday Friday, the petition had 17,279 signatures. 

Although actual numbers are thought to be significantly higher, Mexico has reported 416,179 cases of the coronavirus, making it the sixth most infected country in the world.

Source: Reforma (sp)

US pressures Mexico on water treaty as Chihuahua protests turn violent

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A government building burns in Delicias earlier this week.
A government building burns in Delicias earlier this week.

A day after protests in Chihuahua against the payment of a “water debt” to the United States turned violent, a foreign affairs official revealed Thursday that the U.S. has contacted Mexico to ask it to comply with the 1944 bilateral water treaty.

Roberto Velasco, head of the Foreign Ministry’s North America department, told a press conference that farmers in the United States have pressured their government to lobby Mexico to deliver the water it owes to its northern neighbor.

Mexico has a massive water debt to the United States under the terms of the 1944 treaty, which the National Water Commission (Conagua) has been repaying by diverting water from dams in Chihuahua to the Rio Grande on the northern border for use by the United States.

Farmers in Chihuahua have staged several protests against the water diversion, arguing that they will be left with insufficient quantities.

Farmers north of the Rio Grande, Velasco said, are constantly saying to their government, “we want that water because we also want to irrigate our crops.”

Protesters set fire to a vehicle during a protest Tuesday in Ojinaga.
Protesters set fire to a vehicle during a protest Tuesday in Ojinaga.

Velasco said the government recently received correspondence from the U.S. section of the International Water and Boundary Commission (IBWC), an international body created by the U.S. and Mexico in 1889.

“They say Mexico has to take action now to comply with the [water treaty]. … They’ve said it in Washington, … they’ve said it publicly, they’ve sent us a diplomatic note as well,”  Velasco said.

He said that Mexico wants to settle its debt with its neighbor and claimed there is enough water to do so while guaranteeing supply for farmers in Chihuahua.

Velasco said that if Mexico fails to settle its 2020 water debt, the United States could seek a renegotiation of the existing treaty.

That could lead to Mexico losing certain advantages built into the existing agreement such as flexibility about when water “payments” are made, he said.

Conagua chief Blanca Jiménez said that as of July 23, Mexico was late in diverting some 292 million cubic meters of water to the United States. She highlighted that water from dams in Nuevo León, Tamaulipas and Coahuila has already been sent north and asserted that there will be enough water in Chihuahua even after more water is diverted from the La Boquilla Dam, located on the Conchos River about 200 kilometers south of Chihuahua city.

Farmers in the northern state take a very different view and have protested at that dam as well as other locations, and clashed with authorities.

A protest on Wednesday against further water diversion from La Boquilla and other Chihuahua dams turned violent, with at least a dozen cars, toll booths and state and federal government offices set on fire in the state’s central-south region.

Chihuahua police arrested 17 people, including five minors, who allegedly started the blazes and committed other acts of vandalism, state authorities said. The police seized vehicles, baseball bats, Molotov cocktails and other weapons from those detained.

“In relation to the events that occurred … in Camargo, Saucillo and Delicias, there will be no tolerance for those people who participated in these acts of vandalism,” said Chihuahua Attorney General César Augusto Peniche Espejel.

Lawmakers with the National Action Party (PAN) claimed that the troublemakers were not farmers but rather people with links to the ruling Morena party who infiltrated the protest.

“There are people who are seeking to discredit their struggle,” a group of 16 Chihuahua and federal lawmakers said in a statement. “The farmers don’t know the people who caused the disturbances, … we demand that the Attorney General’s Office investigate … and punish these violent groups.”

La Boquilla is one of the dams from which water has been diverted to the US.
La Boquilla is one of the dams from which water has been diverted to the US.

The lawmakers also accused the federal government, in particular Conagua, of not understanding, nor wanting to understand, the water problems in Chihuahua, agricultural cycles and the needs of farmers.

In response, President López Obrador claimed at his morning press conference on Thursday that PAN politicians are in fact behind the protests, charging that they want to source water for their own business interests. He said his government is reviewing the management of water in the northern state, which is governed by a PAN governor, because he had information that water theft was occurring.

The president said that Mexico would comply with its obligation to send water to the United States but provided a guarantee that there would be sufficient water for both farmers and the general public in Chihuahua.

“We have to deliver water to the United States for a period; the agreement also allows us to have water, run-offs of water from the United States. …The opinion of technicians is that a renegotiation of this treaty wouldn’t be a good idea,” López Obrador said.

“We’ve had problems in Chihuahua because there is opposition to delivering water from dams in Chihuahua. I remind you that water belongs to the nation and is managed by the federal government in accordance with the constitution and laws. There has been resistance but we believe there is no reason for it. … Opposition politicians, in this case PAN politicians, are deceiving the people [saying] they’ll be left without water and that isn’t true.”

Source: Reforma (sp), El Universal (sp) 

After singer seen in a Oaxaca huipil, community’s artisans go online

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Singer Katy Perry wearing her huipil.
Singer Katy Perry wearing her huipil.

Original, handmade Oaxacan clothing is coming to Amazon after an Australian designer was accused of cultural appropriation.

The accusations came after pop star Katy Perry was photographed wearing a Oaxacan dress marketed by designer Pippa Holt, and prompted the state government to help local artisans market their goods directly to the public.

Perry, who is awaiting the birth of her first child in August, was seen on a trip to a supermarket in California earlier this month in a purple huipil, a traditional garment woven from cotton grown in the hills surrounding the town of San Juan Colorado in the state’s coastal region. 

Holt said she purchased the rights to the dress, and others, from Oaxacan artisan Felipa Hernández, then rebranded the huipil designs as Pippa Holt Kaftans, which she sells for 17,000 to 23,000 pesos (US $766 to $1,037) per dress.

Knives Out star Ana de Armas was also photographed this month wearing a Pippa Holt Kaftan, a garment that sells for 13,098 pesos.

The controversy over whether the former Vogue UK stylist appropriated the Oaxacan designs prompted Holt to post a statement to Instagram and turn off the comments. 

“We appreciate — we don’t appropriate,” a portion of the lengthy statement read. “We are part of a community and have worked with the same group of weavers for four years, helping build prosperity and sustainable business in their villages. We pay fairly and on time. We pay the weavers’ asking price, which is above market price for this kind of handwork. Our relationship is one of respect, trust and mutual benefit.”

In response, the head of the state’s DIF family services agency, Ivette Morán de Murat, announced a program where textile artisans will be able to sell their creations directly on Amazon, eliminating the need for intermediaries. 

“Today I proudly wear a huipil created and designed by artisans from San Juan Colorado, on the Oaxacan coast. The government of Oaxaca has made a link for them to sell their handmade products through Amazon, so that everyone can have a little piece of Oaxaca,” she announced on Twitter after meeting with the seamstresses.

The garments will also be available through Aripo, the Oaxacan Institute of Crafts online store, “so that there are no intermediaries, so that no one calls these huipiles kaftans, and no one says these designs belong to them either,” she said.

On Amazon’s Handmade platform, artisans will be able to determine their own price for their work. The website will collect a 10% commission and will waive registration fees. 

Appropriation of indigenous Mexican designs is not uncommon. In 2015 French designer Isabel Marant was accused of copying a Tlahuitoltepec blouse. In 2019, designer Carolina Herrera’s collection was accused of copying the traditional Zapotec flowers of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.

Source: El Universal (sp), Milenio (sp), Vogue (sp)

Odontologist, engineer design suit for protection against coronavirus

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Odontologist Adela Rendón demonstrates the new suit.
Odontologist Adela Rendón demonstrates the protective suit.

Odontologist Adela Rendón Campillo and biomedical engineer Fernando Avilés have created a Covid-19 protection suit for dentists, orthodontists and others who treat people’s teeth.

In an interview with the newspaper Milenio, Rendón remarked that dental care need not be postponed due to the virus. 

“At the beginning of the pandemic there was a guideline to suspend dental treatments as much as possible and only see emergency cases. After a while, things that were not emergencies became an emergency; the reality is that dental care is essential,” she said.

The specialist explained that pre-pandemic sanitary measures used in her profession now fall short, so she consulted with Avilés in the development of a protective suit and an acrylic hood. 

“This suit is wonderful because it keeps us absolutely isolated,” she says, noting that the filtered air circulating inside the suit helps keep medical professionals cool, and the hood negates the need for a mask or goggles. If the suit accidentally tears during a procedure, the air inside will flow out but no new air will enter. 

The suit, which is still a prototype, is designed to be reusable and facilitate ease of movement. Although it remains a work in progress, Rendón hopes that eventually the suit and hood can be used in other medical specialties to help protect medical personnel and patients, as well as saving money by eliminating the need to purchase masks and goggles.  

Source: Milenio (sp)

Hidalgo mayor declares cockfighting ‘a cultural asset’

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A statue of a fighting cock graces the town square in Tianguistengo.
A statue of a fighting cock graces the town square in Tianguistengo.

Cockfighting has been declared a “cultural asset” by the mayor of Tianguistengo, Hidalgo, despite the fact that Mexico’s Supreme Court ruled in 2018 that fights between animals are illegal.

Mayor Febronio Rodríguez’s July 26 declaration, which coincided with the unveiling of a plaque and statue honoring fighting cocks in the town square, was met with approval from the municipality’s Association of Combat Bird Breeders, but virulently opposed by animal rights activists in the municipality.

Authorities defended the blood sport, saying it  “gives identity to the municipality of Tianguistengo” and “helps to strengthen friendship with neighboring towns.”

The declaration came in response to “the urgency of animal groups that try to discredit these activities and misreport on the use, domestication, handling and treatment of animals that are raised in the region and that generate direct and indirect jobs.”

An estimated 3,000 people breed fighting cocks in Hidalgo, and the industry provides employment for 100,000 people, state legislator Rafael Garnica said last October. 

Erika Ortigoza Vázquez, director of the animal rights organization Fundación Invictus, denounced the declaration.

“Fundación Invictus expresses its repudiation and rejection of this decision of the mayor and council of Tianguistengo to approve and classify this bloody practice as an ‘intangible cultural asset’ which exalts torture and the sadistic death of these birds, in addition to promoting illegal activities such as illegal gambling, carrying arms, and irresponsible consumption of alcohol that on many occasions ends in gunshots between the gamblers,” she stated in a letter. 

“Unfortunately, instead of Mayor Febronio Rodríguez promoting to the public the importance of staying home, avoiding large gatherings and taking extreme sanitary measures, he is more concerned with justifying cockfights,” she said.

Source: La Jornada (sp), 24 Horas (sp), Milenio (sp), Sintesis (sp)

Sexual conversion therapies now illegal in Mexico City

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'Christ wasn't homophobic,' reads a placard during a gay rights march.
'Christ wasn't homophobic,' reads a placard during a gay rights march.

So-called conversion therapies that target LGBTQ+ people in an attempt to change their sexual identity are illegal in Mexico City starting Friday.

Medical personnel who attempt to employ such therapy will face up to five years in prison.

The controversial practice often involves prayer and counseling, but at times also uses forms of torture to convince young gay people to adopt a heterosexual lifestyle. In the United States and parts of Europe, reconditioning techniques have used ice-pick lobotomies, chemical castration and nausea-inducing drugs to “convert” people from homosexuality.

The practice has been condemned by the American Medical Association, the American Psychological Association, and the United Nations (UN) and is banned in Brazil, Ecuador, Malta and Germany.

“The degrading nature of many conversion therapy practices, including physical abuse, electroshock therapy, pseudo-medical procedures, and the use of anti-LGBT epithets and slurs, contribute to an overall dehumanizing environment toward persons with diverse sexual orientation or gender identity,” said UN Independent Expert on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Victor Madrigal-Borloz.

Last Friday, Mexico City lawmakers approved a bill banning the practice, with enhanced sentencing if the victim is a minor. The new law criminalizes “practices consisting of psychological, psychiatric sessions, methods or treatments that are intended to nullify, hinder, modify or impair the expression of gender identity, as well as the sexual orientation of people.” 

Efforts to “cure” homosexuality, which was once considered a mental illness, can be brutal and may have serious consequences. A 2019 study in the United States in which 35,000 LGBTQ+ young people were interviewed indicated that 42% of those who had experienced conversion therapy had attempted suicide. 

“There is nothing to cure. Homosexuality is not a disease, we are not sick,” said Temístocles Villanueva, a Morena party legislator who authored the conversion therapy bill two years ago. 

The new law is seen as a major victory for the LGBTQ+ community, both in Mexico and worldwide, in the battle to outlaw a practice that many view as akin to torture.

Longtime LGBTQ+ journalist and activist Enrique Torre Molina of Mexico City thanked the “brave activists and committed Mexico City legislators” for passing the law that protects the LGBTQ+ community in the nation’s capital city. 

“Over the past few years I’ve come to know many — too many — stories of LGBTQ+ people who survived ‘conversion therapy’ and torture, or who have stepped away from their families who believed they could and should ‘change,’” Torre told the news platform Them. “It’s exciting to witness this historic win. Our community deserves love and respect.”

Mexico City Mayor Claudia Sheinbaum also applauded the decision. “I totally agree. It seems to me that these measures belong to the era of the Inquisition,” she said. “It does not correspond to the health systems of the 21st century, it does not correspond to the liberty of this city, because this is a city of rights.” 

Source: Milenio (sp), Reuters (en), Scientific American (en), Them (en), Forbes (sp), El País (sp)