Tuesday, May 6, 2025

Despite setbacks, Mexico City mayor sees no need to change direction

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Mayor Sheinbaum
Mayor Sheinbaum is determined to pick herself up from the electoral rout.

It has been a terrible few weeks for Mexico City Mayor Claudia Sheinbaum: just as the capital was getting one of the world’s worst Covid-19 outbreaks under control, a Metro overpass collapsed in early May, killing 26.

Then, a month later, the opposition seized more than half the city’s boroughs in midterm elections, including Tlalpan, where Sheinbaum served as mayor from 2015 until the end of 2017. The rout in the capital was a bitter blow in one of the left’s biggest bastions.

But Sheinbaum, 59, remains unflappable. “There’s no need to change direction,” she told the Financial Times in an interview. “The president is very clear where he is going, and we are with him.”

Mexico City voters were key to President López Obrador’s landslide victory in 2018, and nationwide gains in the June 6 vote have put the ruling coalition in power in 17 of Mexico’s 32 states. However, the left’s quarter-century domination of the capital was brought to an end after losing nine of Mexico City’s 16 boroughs.

“We were surprised by parts of the results — we’ll have to reflect on that internally,” she said.

Sheinbaum, who is widely considered López Obrador’s favourite to succeed him in 2024, blamed the result on a “disinformation campaign” by critics opposed to the government’s quest to replace neoliberal reforms with a focus on fighting inequality, graft and putting the poor first.

She said the “terrible tragedy” of the Metro — which a preliminary independent report indicated was due to construction flaws — had influenced the vote.

With a practiced air, Sheinbaum swatted aside questions about whether she could become Mexico’s first female president and vowed to pick herself up from the electoral rout and get the capital back on its feet economically.

“I am very strong. I believe in my government and I believe in the transformation of my country,” she said. “Neo-liberalism cannot return to Mexico — it did a lot of damage.”

As president, López Obrador has battered business confidence with abrupt rule changes in the energy sector, which have triggered a flood of lawsuits. He has canceled high-profile, partly-built investments in a new Mexico City airport and a brewery in the north of the country.

lopez obrador and sheinbaum
‘The president is very clear where he is going, and we are with him,’ Sheinbaum says.

But Sheinbaum, who has a doctorate in climate engineering, has endorsed the president’s energy plans, which are focused on fossil fuels and seeks to give state-run hydropower plants precedence over cheaper private solar and wind projects when it comes to renewables.

“We’re going to build the biggest solar plant of any city in the world,” she said, referencing plans with the federal electricity utility to install solar panels on top of Mexico City’s wholesale food market this year.

With the pandemic easing after Mexico City racked up one of the highest excess deaths tally of any city in the world, she is hopeful that a variety of initiatives can now take off in earnest. These include improving transport connections, offering community-wide computer programming lessons, revamping a gritty industrial neighbourhood that accounts for 1% of national gross domestic product as an innovation hub, and tackling a water crisis.

Sheinbaum, a scientist and longtime leftist, cut her teeth politically two decades ago as environment secretary in the Mexico City government when López Obrador was the city’s mayor. She oversaw the Metrobus rapid transit project and construction of a second story to an urban highway while serving in his city government.

She highlighted resilient private investment and said her blueprint to make the city more green, mobile and innovative remains on track.

Mexico City was this month named as the top spot for foreign investment in Latin America for 2021-2022 in an Americas Cities of the Future survey by fDi Intelligence, a Financial Times company.

It found that Mexico City received 353 inward foreign direct investment projects, the third highest total of all locations surveyed, and made the top 10 cities in the Americas in terms of economic potential.

“It’s a recognition that the transformation under way in this country, in contrast to how it is often portrayed, means … that we are always open for investment and economic development,” said Sheinbaum.

© 2021 The Financial Times Ltd. All rights reserved. Please do not copy and paste FT articles and redistribute by email or post to the web.

Cartels’ battle for Zacatecas leaves another 18 dead

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One of the vehicles discovered near 18 bodies on Friday.
One of the vehicles discovered near 18 bodies on Friday.

At least 18 people are dead in another episode of violence in Zacatecas.

A battle between rival cartels occurred Friday in the community of San Juan Capistrano in the municipality of Valparaiso, a rural area near the state border with Jalisco and Nayarit.

Security forces found 18 bodies along with three bullet-riddled vehicles at the site of the incident although some local media outlets have reported more than 30 dead.

Zacatecas Security Minister Arturo López said the incident was a confrontation between the Sinaloa Cartel and the Jalisco New Generation Cartel (CJNG), which are currently battling for control of the state.

The killings in San Juan Capistrano are just the most recent in a string of violent incidents. Last weekend, four bodies were found hanging from highway overpasses in Fresnillo. And Wednesday saw the murder of seven people in a home. Two people were found injured at the scene of the attack, along with five unharmed children.

Also on Wednesday, the bodies of two missing San Luis Potosí police officers were found murdered, hanging from an overpass in the city of Zacatecas, the state capital.

The violence in Zacatecas comes just days after a horrifying episode in Reynosa, Tamaulipas, in which gunmen moved through the city randomly killing civilians, leaving 14 dead. Meanwhile in Michoacán, roughly 3,000 avocado producers have taken up arms to protect themselves against criminal groups including the CJNG.

With reports from AP and El País

Hurricane Enrique forms off coast of Michoacán; heavy rains forecast

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hurricane enrique
Enrique and its forecast path. Coastline marked in blue indicates the area under a tropical storm warning; yellow indicates a tropical storm watch.

Hurricane Enrique, the first hurricane of the eastern Pacific season, formed Saturday morning off the coast of Michoacán. The storm is expected to grow stronger as it advances northwestward along the coast but forecasters predict it will remain offshore.

Enrique’s maximum sustained winds were clocked at 140 kmh at 10:00 a.m. CDT when the storm was located 370 km south of Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco, and moving west-northwest at 11 kmh.

It is expected to become a Category 2 hurricane by Sunday, the U.S. National Hurricane Center (NHC) said.
But the center of the storm is predicted to stay at sea, moving parallel with the coast.

The NHC also said the storm could bring 150 to 300 mm of rain with isolated maximum amounts of 450 mm to the coasts of Colima, Michoacán and Jalisco. Heavy rains are also expected in Chiapas, Oaxaca, Guerrero, Nayarit and southern Sinaloa, according to the Mexico’s National Meteorological Service (SMN).

A tropical storm warning is in effect from Zihuatanejo, Guerrero, to Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco.

SMN spokesman Jesús Montes said the rains could bring some relief from the drought that much of Mexico is currently experiencing, raising water levels in dams and other bodies of water. He added that trained personnel are standing by to provide help in the emergency service centers in Guerrero, Jalisco, Sinaloa, Michoacán, Nayarit and Colima.

The Defense Ministry said it was sending troops to aid civilians during the storm.

With reports from AP News and El Universal

A former Jalisco hacienda is a veritable garden of Eden

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18th-century ex-Hacienda de San Antonio, Jalisco
A visitor to Hacienda de San Antonio takes a jump into paradise.

The former Hacienda de San Antonio del Potrero is hidden away at the bottom of a huge canyon located just northeast of the town of Tequila, Jalisco. It has been there, they say, since 1785, but you might have a hard time, indeed, to find a single tequileño who has ever heard of it.

This is because the venerable old building is closed to visitors and situated at the edge of a very productive orchard which, of course, is somebody’s private property.

I would never have guessed what secrets that old finca (farm) was hiding if it weren’t for colorful and eccentric botanist Miguel Cházaro who, many years ago, gave me a call:

“John, I’m trying to find a waterfall in a valley near Tequila. Do you want to help me look for it?”

Of course, I said yes, simply because this offer was coming from Professor Cházaro, one of the most outstanding botanists in Jalisco. I knew from previous experience that walking through the woods with Cházaro is like speed-watching the Discovery Channel.

18th-century ex-Hacienda de San Antonio, Jalisco
A church dedicated to St. Toribio marks the spot where he is said to have been shot, 1.6 km west of Hacienda de San Antonio.

At every step, he points out the most amazing things all around you. But on this particular trip, even Cházaro was dazed by the veritable paradise in which we found ourselves.

We set out one morning on the old highway to Tequila. About six kilometers past Amatitán, we turned off onto a rocky dirt road that wound its way down into La Toma Valley. You definitely need a high-clearance vehicle for this!

After 17 minutes, we came to the ruins of Hacienda San Antonio, where we met an old-timer carrying two buckets of water. He was Jorge Rivera Landeros, and when we asked him about the history of the place, he told us that this valley was where Padre Toribio, a local martyr, tried to hide back in the days of the Cristeros.

“The government finally caught him and killed him. Then they shot several members of my family — right over there. I was just a little boy, so they didn’t kill me.” The awful story of these events is preserved, we discovered, in a corrido (a kind of epic poem set to music) composed by none other than Don Jorge himself.

I should mention here that Padre Toribio is venerated by huge numbers of people in the highlands of Jalisco where he was born, and there are several grandiose churches erected in his name. In 2000, he was canonized by Pope John Paul II.

Over time, Santo Toribio has become the unofficial patron of Mexican migrants trying to cross the border into the United States, supposedly because he has miraculously appeared to many of them. This is indeed ironic because it is said that Padre Toribio wrote a play in 1920 urging migrants not to go to the States.

Botanist Miguel Cházaro pressing plants between newspaper
Professor Miguel Cházaro pressing plants. Botanists love newspapers.

Unfortunately, the play (a comedy) was titled “Let’s Go North!”

Maybe that was all his audience remembered.

After hearing the story of Santo Toribio, we asked about the waterfall we were seeking. Don Jorge replied that we’d find it at the end of his orchard, which we were welcome to explore.

“And,” he added, “near the waterfall, there’s a nice pool where you can go for a swim.”

We walked through an arch into what seemed like the Garden of Eden: tall mango, grapefruit, breadnut, mamey, zapote negro, bonete and other exotic fruit trees formed a canopy overhead, and in its shade, we walked alongside (and occasionally through) narrow canals filled with rushing water. Colomos and other humidity-loving plants were growing everywhere, giving no sign whatsoever that this was the dry season.

As we walked, Miguel Cházaro pointed out interesting examples of the local flora, like blue tomatoes.

18th-century ex-Hacienda de San Antonio, Jalisco
The 18th-century ex-Hacienda de San Antonio was dedicated both to growing fruit and producing tequila.

To me, the most curious plant by far was the bizarre and mysterious cuastecomate or Mexican calabash tree (Crescentia alata), which produces a gorgeous but stinky yellow flower with blood-red veins and a perfectly round green gourd about the size of a large apple.

What’s bizarre is that the flowers and fruits do not hang from the branches but grow directly on the tree trunk, like warts on a witch’s nose. And what’s mysterious is that the gourds must be broken open for the seeds to germinate, but they happen to be as tough as cannonballs.

Most modern animals can’t crack them open to get at their delicious and nutritious contents. It is theorized that in ancient times, this job was done by elephant-like gomphotheres. Since these animals are long extinct, it seems amazing that cuastecomates are still with us.

In no time at all, we arrived at the waterfall, whose beauty we could not really appreciate as we were standing right at the top of it, on the very edge of a steep precipice. There was no easy way down to the bottom … unless you happen to be a canyoneer and would enjoy a rappel down the frothing foam.

A short walk from the waterfall, the river passes under a bizarre natural bridge made up of the roots of a huge amate, or strangler fig tree (Ficus petiolaris). This is so well camouflaged that the first time we walked over it, we didn’t even notice that we were crossing a river.

Within the clutches of the strangler fig, you can still see the original host tree — long dead, of course — from a mortal embrace.

Don Jorge Rivera Landeros reading his poem
Don Jorge Rivera Landeros reading his poem, “Hola, Mister Amigo.”

Only a hundred meters south of the Amate bridge, we came to a small, natural, spring-fed pool about 1.5 meters deep. The water is cool, clean and refreshing and tall shade trees grow all along one side. If there are swimming holes in heaven, they must surely be modeled after this one!

Naturally, Miguel Cházaro was not in the water two minutes before he began discovering all sorts of curious plants growing on the other side of the pool, adding even more specimens for his helpers to press between sheets of newspaper.

Finally, the botanists ran out of newsprint, and we returned to the hacienda where we found Don Jorge busily writing. He handed me a scrap of brown paper torn from a cement bag.

“Sorry, that’s all I could find to write on,” he said.

To my surprise, I found he had written me a poem entitled, “Hola Mister Amigo” that celebrated the arrival of “a brotherly world in which people come together in a spirit of peace and friendship.”

An exotic orchard, a heavenly pool and a heartwarming welcome from a local poet … to total strangers who had shown up on private property unannounced.

It really did feel as though we had stumbled upon the Garden of Eden.

The writer has lived near Guadalajara, Jalisco, for 31 years and is the author of A Guide to West Mexico’s Guachimontones and Surrounding Area and co-author of Outdoors in Western Mexico. More of his writing can be found on his website.

 

Amate tree bridge at 18th-century ex-Jacienda de San Antonio, Jalisco
The roots of this amate tree serve as a bridge over a small stream.

 

cuastecomate
People break open the cuastecomate and fill the halves with tequila for a healthy drink, says botanist Miguel Cházaro.

 

La Canoa pool, Jalisco
La Canoa pool is fed by cool spring water.

 

cuastecomate flower
The cuastecomate flower is pollinated by flies and smells like carrion.

 

18th-century ex-Hacienda de San Antonio, Jalisco
The orchard is crisscrossed by small streams.

 

Mexican calabash
The gourd-like fruit of the Mexican calabash can be hollowed, dried and used as a container for food or drink.

Government announces completion of adult vaccinations in Baja California

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Johnson & Johnson vaccines donated by the United States were used to vaccinate Baja Californians 18 to 39.
Johnson & Johnson vaccines donated by the United States were used to inoculate Baja Californians aged 18 to 39.

The campaign in Baja California to vaccinate adults against Covid-19 has concluded, the federal government announced Friday.

The northern border state is the first in Mexico where all people aged 18 and over have been offered a shot.

“Mission accomplished,” President López Obrador declared at his morning news conference.

More than 1.2 million single-shot Johnson & Johnson vaccine doses donated by the United States were recently used to vaccinate people aged 18 to 39 in the state, while seniors and people aged 40 to 59 were offered shots earlier in the vaccine rollout, which began in Mexico six months ago.

“We have the final report that tells us that the population of Baja California is totally vaccinated against Covid-19,” Security Minister Rosa Rodríguez told the president’s press conference. “… We did it, Mr. President, and we’re moving ahead,” she said, adding that 10,000 Johnson & Johnson shots remain in the state to inoculate anyone not yet vaccinated.

Tijuana residents receive their vaccine.
Tijuana residents receive their vaccine.

Rodríguez said that 85,000 doses of the same vaccine will be sent to San Luis Río Colorado, Sonora, which borders Baja California and Arizona, in order to begin the vaccination of young people in that municipality.

The government is aiming to vaccinate all people in northern border municipalities as soon as possible in order to expedite the opening of the Mexico-United States border to nonessential travel.

The federal Health Ministry reported Thursday that one in three people aged 18 and over, or about 29.1 million people, have received at least one shot of a Covid-19 vaccine. It said that just over 18 million people are fully vaccinated and just under 11.1 million people have received one dose of a two-shot vaccine.

Registration on the government’s vaccination website is currently open to all adult residents of northern border municipalities, pregnant women and all other people who reach the age of 30 or more this year.

It is unclear when the vaccination of children will commence, but health regulator Cofepris granted authorization on Thursday for the Pfizer vaccine to be used on those aged 12 and over.

“It’s the first Covid-19 vaccine authorized for adolescents in our country,” Deputy Health Minister Hugo López-Gatell wrote on Twitter. “It’s news that will allow us to keep protecting the people of Mexico.”

Vaccination has helped drive down coronavirus case numbers and Covid-19 deaths in Mexico, although a small group of states including Quintana Roo, Yucatán and Baja California Sur, have recently seen spikes in new infections.

An average of 3,306 new cases and 354 Covid-19 deaths were reported per day during the first 24 days of June, reductions of 77% and 66%, respectively, compared to January, the worst month of the pandemic here.

Mexico’s accumulated case tally currently stands at 2.49 million, while the official Covid-19 death toll is 232,068.

It has the 21st highest mortality rate in the world with 181.9 Covid-19 deaths per 100,000 people, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University. Peru easily ranks first with 587.8 deaths per 100,000, followed by Hungary with 306.8.

The United States, which has recorded more Covid-19 deaths than any country, is one spot above Mexico, with 183.8 fatalities per 100,000 people.

With reports from Reforma, Infobae and Xataka

Oaxaca family artisan studio labors to support an entire valley

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A carved rhino from the workshop of Jacobo and Maria Ángeles.
A carved rhino from the workshop of Jacobo and Maria Ángeles.

The workshop of Jacobo and María del Carmen Ángeles is by far one of the best-developed production and sales operations of any traditional handcraft maker. In fact, they could just simply be called San Martín Tilcajete, Inc.

The workshop in this small village in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca began like most: Jacobo Ángeles Ojeda was born in the town of Tilcajete in 1973 and is known for the making of colorful animal wood carvings called alebrijes (sometimes called tonas — see this article for the debate surrounding this craft).

Both he and his wife María del Carmen Mendoza grew up in families dependent on subsistence farming, with Ángeles’ father teaching him how to carve the local copal wood. Over time, Ángeles became one of several outstanding alebrije artisans, in particular for painting of fine lines and designs based on Zapotec and other indigenous imagery. However, he credits his wife for most of the designs.

The couple found that they could leave farming behind and concentrate on alebrije making. Demand rose so much that they began to hire other family members and neighbors to work in their shop. By the time I visited them for the first time in 2016, the family compound was humming with activity, carvers in one area and painters in another, as well as areas dedicated to demonstrating the process of making the capricious figures, even including the making of paints for the alebrijes using local pigments.

The maestro still carves pieces on occasion, which command premium prices. But the vast majority of the production is done by employees, students/apprentices and other collaborators, supervised by members of the family, which is currently a major employer in the town, with generations of various families working for them.

Alebrije artist Jacobo Ángeles at work.
Maestro Jacobo Ángeles at work.

Although not directly by the maestros’ hands, the pieces are still of high quality as the family trains carvers and painters, then lets them utilize their talents to take the best advantage of copal wood’s capricious nature. The workshop produces some alebrijes with human faces, belying their link to naguals (somewhat like a spirit animal), but many depict jaguars, dogs, bears, owls and other local creatures, often in motion.

The Ángeles family’s work has been recognized, with their alebrijes appearing in major museums in Mexico and the United States, including the Museo de Arte Popular in Mexico City (which published a book featuring their work) and the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of the American Indian. In 2014, Jacobo Ángeles was invited by the Vatican to create an alebrije nativity and meet Pope Francis.

But the Ángeles family is not content to sit on its laurels. When I was there in 2016, they were building additions to the compound’s buildings and talking about plans for expansion and diversification.

One thing that sets this family and business apart is their awareness of how crucial the local and state economy is to the continued success of their business. In particular, they understand that they need to nurture tourism in San Martín Tilcajete and the surrounding valley. This began by offering tours and workshops for visitors, including some in English.

After that, they began working to make San Martín a tourist destination in its own right, at least as a side trip from the city of Oaxaca. This included the opening of three restaurants in the town, all based on local cuisine but with different interpretations. The basic foodstuffs of these restaurants are mostly supplied by their own farms or other local ones.

In 2020, Jacobo and María, seeking even more awareness of their workshop and community, ingeniously connected with the Mercedes-Benz company, which provided them with an SUV to paint alebrije-style and documented the entire process and the finished product online.

Young artisan apprentice working on an armadillo figure at the Ángeles workshop.
A young artisan apprentice works on an armadillo figure at the Ángeles workshop.

Oaxaca’s main attraction is its various cultures, and the Ángeles family has looked for ways to promulgate the Ocotán Valley’s cultures for its economic development. Their son Ricardo grew up making alebrijes but went on to study art in Oaxaca and Mexico City. He has translated these creatures (and the nagual tradition behind them) into mural projects, which work to bring visitors into towns and into parts of towns they might not have wandered otherwise. His work can be seen on Instagram.

The family has realized, however, that the making of alebrijes, though successful now, is not sufficient. And so the Ángeles family has trained extended family members and other locals how to carve for a long time, leading to a kind of apprenticeship program. They also offer classes and workshops in ceramics and jewelry making, including a class for children, inviting maestros of these crafts to be the instructors.

The vast array of economic and cultural activities promoted by the family really deserves its own future article. But it is important to note that these enterprises employed about 300 people directly before the pandemic struck, including carvers, painters, restaurant workers, arborists and professionals in marketing and sustainable development. That number is now 160, but the family sees a slow rebound in tourism and hopes to bring employment back to pre-Covid levels soon.

Their business sense has allowed them to weather the pandemic better, in part because they already had an online presence. Although sales have still been cut in half, online marketing has been a lifeline, it relying strongly on their website and various Instagram accounts.

While they most assuredly look forward to resuming business as much as possible to the way it was before the pandemic, the Ángeles family is definitely a pioneer in the online marketing of Oaxacan crafts.

Leigh Thelmadatter arrived in Mexico 18 years ago and fell in love with the land and the culture in particular its handcrafts and art. She is the author of Mexican Cartonería: Paper, Paste and Fiesta (Schiffer 2019). Her culture column appears regularly on Mexico News Daily.

AMLO’s call for electoral reform called ‘incredible’ by Mexico’s elections chief

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Head of Mexico's National Electoral Institute Lorenzo Córdova.
Head of the National Electoral Institute Lorenzo Córdova.

That President López Obrador is proposing an electoral reform three weeks after “impeccable” elections were held is “unbelievable,” according to the head of the National Electoral Institute (INE).

The president proposed this week that Congress pass an electoral reform that would entail replacing all members of the INE, implementing new rules to ensure that electoral authorities are impartial and cutting costs associated with running elections.

Speaking at a forum on democracy on Thursday, INE chief Lorenzo Córdova warned against the reform.

“It’s unbelievable that three weeks after an election like this, the president of the republic is insisting on electoral reform. Careful with electoral reforms!” he said.

Such reform should only be carried out if it is absolutely necessary “because the current times are of great risk, of great demagogy,” Córdova said, making a thinly veiled attack on López Obrador.

He said that reform might not “strengthen what we have today” but rather weaken the system that has been “diligently” built over years.

“… Improving [the electoral system] is good, but a reform opens the door to eventual backward steps and eventual risks,” the INE president said.

Any reform that is carried out should be based on “real diagnoses” of problems that need to be solved, he said. “If you’re not clear about the problem you want to solve, … it makes no sense to undertake a reform because you can open up a Pandora’s box.”

He made it clear that he doesn’t believe reform is necessary because despite the pandemic, electoral violence and “unprecedented” verbal attacks on the INE, the June 6 elections were “impeccable” from “a technical and organizational point of view.”

“… They were probably the best elections [ever] … due to the context [in which they were held],” Córdova said.

He also noted that several reforms to improve the electoral system have already been carried out.

“They were all incremental reforms. [Let’s be] careful. Opening the door to electoral reform in the current times could translate into an electoral counterreform,” Córdova said.

With reports from Reforma 

3,000 Michoacán avocado producers arm themselves against cartels

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Pueblos Unidos, Michoacan
Pueblos Unidos members said they have been forced into protecting their farmland from organized crime because of authorities' inaction.

Fed up with being besieged by criminal organizations, avocado and blackberry producers in Michoacán formed their own armed group that is successfully keeping cartel members out of four municipalities.

Some 3,000 farmers and farmhands from Salvador Escalante, Ario de Rosales, Nuevo Urecho and Taretán have taken up arms over the past eight months to defend themselves and their land from attacks by criminal organizations. A spate of kidnappings in the area and frequent demands for extortion money motivated them to act.

Now, according to a report by the newspaper Milenio, an armed private security force — “a parallel authority” — operates in the four neighboring municipalities, located approximately 100 kilometers southwest of Morelia.

“With high-powered weapons, they have shut off access to their communities for drug traffickers and hitmen, choosing who comes in and who doesn’t,” the report said.

Although the armed group — called Pueblos Unidos, or United Towns — has similarities to self-defense groups that have emerged in Michoacán and some other parts of Mexico in recent years, its members reject the autodefensas tag.

Pueblos Unidos
A spate of kidnappings prompted the group’s formation. One of the latest is of member Raúl Medrano, who disappeared June 6. The group blames the other man on the sign for the alleged kidnapping.

“We want to be very emphatic: we’re not autodefensas; we’re not a criminal group. Here in our lives, the only things we knew how to use were machetes. … Recently there has been the need to purchase some weapons, even though we’re afraid of not knowing how to use them correctly,” one of the men told Milenio.

The Jalisco New Generation Cartel (CJNG) and Los Viagras posed the main threat as both criminal groups have sought to establish themselves in the region in recent years and have engaged in a turf war with each other.

But with their 54 roadblocks across all four municipalities the avocado and blackberry producers have kept the criminal groups out. One roadblock on the road to La Huacana, a municipality controlled by the CJNG that neighbors Ario and Nuevo Urecho to the south, is manned night and day by up to 150 heavily armed men.

Among the Pueblos Unidos members are men who have been hired by avocado producers to bolster the ranks of the fledgling security force.

“It’s cheaper to buy a rifle than to pay extortion,” one member said, referring to payments demanded of avocado producers by criminal groups, including Los Viagaras, whose members were reportedly asking for a 50,000-peso (about US $2,500) per hectare “protection” fee.

In the eight months that it has been protecting the four Michoacán municipalities, the Pueblos Unidos group has achieved good results, members say. It has driven criminals out of the area, and homicides, kidnappings and extortion have all declined.

Pueblos Unidos members, Michaocan
Pueblos Unidos rejects the term ‘self-defense group’ because such organizations have earned a reputation in Mexico for being populated by criminals.

One commander of the armed group told Milenio that there is no longer any trace of Los Viagras in Los Ates, a community in Ario.

“We had to follow them [the criminals] wherever they were. We combed the hills, walking — something that the government hasn’t done. We came together in groups of 20 to 60 to comb the hills, and we frightened them away,” he said.

The commander said that he and the other members of Pueblos Unidos don’t want to live “on the margin of the law” but have no choice due to authorities’ inaction. If municipal, state and federal forces were able to guarantee their security, the farmers would return to full-time work on their land, he said.

If the authorities don’t do that, he said, the avocado and blackberry producers should be allowed to set up their own government in the region and be given permission to legally bear arms, as has occurred in some other parts of Michoacán.

“They should give us permission to defend ourselves,” the commander said. “We also don’t want to be disarmed, and we want to be respected. … They should do the work we’re doing, and maybe we’ll withdraw.”

President López Obrador on Friday made his views clear about the formation of the armed group.

“My opinion is that … autodefensas shouldn’t exist, because the responsibility for security corresponds to the state. I’m not in favor of people arming themselves and forming groups to confront crime because that doesn’t yield results,” he said at his regular news conference.

The president also said that self-defense groups are used to hide or shelter criminals. He said “they disguise themselves as people fed up with violence.”

He called on Pueblo Unidos to trust authorities, including official security forces, claiming that they no longer collude with criminals, as occurred during past governments.

However, the federal government, which officially inaugurated a new security force — the National Guard — in 2019, was unable to reduce Mexico’s high levels of violent crime in its first two years in office, with homicide numbers reaching an all-time high of more than 34,000 in 2019 and decreasing just 0.4% last year.

López Obrador asserted Friday that his administration is now making progress in the fight against violence, a claim supported to some extent by data that shows that homicides fell 2.9% in the first five months of 2021.

“We’re advancing little by little but we’re making progress,” he said before acknowledging that the security situation had “broken down a lot.”

With reports from Milenio 

Nuevo León governor issues travel alert for neighboring Tamaulipas

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Security forces are being deployed to the highway
Security forces are being deployed to the highway in response to the disappearance of travelers.

It is common for embassies to publish travel alerts about Mexico for tourists. It is less common that those alerts come from Mexican authorities themselves.

But that is what happened in Nuevo León, where a wave of disappearances on the Monterrey-Nuevo Laredo highway prompted the governor to call for residents to avoid traveling to the neighboring state of Tamaulipas.

“What is happening is public. I have to recommend that the public of Nuevo León avoid [traveling], if it is not urgent … that they wait until everything is calm,” said Jaime Rodríguez.

The cities of Monterrey, Nuevo León, and Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, are less than 240 kilometers apart, but the journey between them is becoming dangerous. According to an organization of families of kidnapping victims, Fundenl, at least 49 people have disappeared on the highway between them.

“We have sent two letters to the attorney general and governor to ask them not only to protect us but also to at least make public what is happening,” said spokeswoman Angélica Orozco.

Another collective of victims’ families said the numbers are even higher. They claim to have knowledge of 109 people who have disappeared in the area, and say 73 of those disappearances happened this year.

José de Jesús Gómez is one of those. On January 3, he called his mother from a hotel in Nuevo Laredo. He had just arrived from Irwing, Texas, where he lived and worked as a computer engineer. He told her he planned to travel to Guadalajara, where his family was, via Monterrey. It was the last his family heard of him.

The governor’s travel warning also applies to the highway from Monterrey to Reynosa, Tamaulipas, where last Saturday a group of armed men moved through the city killing at random. The death toll was 19.

State officials, including the governor, blame the disappearances on warring cartels.

According to a federal intelligence report, the Monterrey-Nuevo Laredo highway is controlled by the Northeast Cartel, an offshoot of the famously violent Zetas. The Monterrey-Reynosa highway is under the control of the Metros, a faction of the Gulf Cartel, according to the same report.

The Nuevo León Attorney General’s Office has opened 41 investigations into disappearances on the former and has announced a joint operation with the neighboring state of Tamaulipas. Nuevo León officials maintain that the disappearances happened not in their state, but in Tamaulipas. Despite that claim, Nuevo León has launched a new special operation to patrol the road in conjunction with the federal government and Tamaulipas authorities.

Meanwhile, victims’ families say their search for loved ones is hindered by government inefficiency and states passing the buck.

The family of José de Jesús Gómez has experience with the problem of jurisdiction. They reported his disappearance in Jalisco the day after he stopped responding to calls, but that report was rejected. They filed another report in Nuevo León and were rejected again by authorities who said the disappearance occurred outside their jurisdiction. Finally, in Tamaulipas their report was accepted.

“That was in January, but since March they have not taken our calls or responded to emails. We don’t know anything more about the case,” said Gómez’s sister.

In Mexico there are currently more than 88,000 people missing, according to the National Search Commission. Of those, more than 11,500 are from Tamaulipas while nearly 5,500 are from Nuevo León.

With reports from Reforma, El País, Milenio and Animal Político

‘Things will go well’ for Morena-governed states, says AMLO after meeting

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Governors pose with the president at the National Palace.
Governors pose with the president at the National Palace.

President López Obrador on Friday expressed confidence that things will go “very well” in the 11 states to be led by new Morena party governors.

Candidates for Morena, which was founded by the president and swept to federal power in the 2018 elections, won June 6 governor races in Baja California, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Colima, Guerrero, Michoacán, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tlaxcala and Zacatecas.

López Obrador met with the 11 governors-elect at the National Palace on Thursday.

“It was a very fraternal meeting of colleagues who have been fighting for a long time and who were elected democratically. They’re legal, legitimate governors-elect, women and men, and I felt very happy,” he told reporters on Friday morning.

The meeting, also attended by Finance Minister Arturo Herrera, lasted for five hours and included a meal featuring dishes from the president’s home state of Tabasco.

López Obrador said they discussed the problems faced by each of the 11 states, the actions the incoming governors will take to improve the lives of residents and plans for the federal and state governments to work together.

“… I was really very pleased to be with them,” said the president, who indicated that he also intends to meet with the candidates who won the other four gubernatorial elections on June 6.

“All of them are aware that forming a good government depends 99% on managing the public budget, which is the people’s money, with honesty. This is the main thing and a commitment that all of them have taken on,” López Obrador said.

He said that the incoming Morena governors also agreed with his political motto of “don’t lie, don’t steal and don’t betray” the people.

“That’s the code of ethics, that’s how it’s summarized. They agree with the plan so I’m very happy, calm and satisfied, and I believe that the states where these men and women with principles and convictions will govern will do very well,” López Obrador said.

Guerrero governor-elect Evelyn Salgado, who replaced her father on the Morena ticket after he was barred from running for failing to report his pre-campaign expenses, told reporters on Thursday that the president’s treatment of the incoming governor’s at yesterday’s meeting was “very cordial.”

“We’re going to continue meeting. This was the first one,” she said.

Zacatecas governor-elect David Monreal, brother of Morena Senate Leader Ricardo Monreal, took to Twitter to comment on the meeting.

“Today I met with President López Obrador. We agreed on the need to strengthen coordination in fundamental areas for Zacatecas: security, investment and development of highway infrastructure, among others. Once I’m sworn in, they will be my priority,” he wrote.

With reports from Milenio and El Universal