Monday, May 5, 2025

Mexico’s popular homeopathic remedies: are they placebo powered?

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Montfort 36 is a popular homeopathic remedy for acute stomach and intestinal problems. Chemically, the “chochos” contain nothing but sugar and alcohol.
Montfort 36 is a popular homeopathic remedy for acute stomach and intestinal problems. Chemically, the “chochos” contain nothing but sugar and alcohol.

Before I moved to Mexico, I had never heard of homeopathy, an approach to medicine developed by the German physician Samuel Hahnemann in 1796.

After living here only a few months, I found that every time I had a cold, someone would say, “You are getting a gripa [a cold]? You should take Aconitum,” or “That bruise will feel a lot better if you take Arnica,” and then they would hand me a bottle of little sugar pills soaked in alcohol, popularly known as chochos.

So I learned that my friends, relatives and neighbors claimed they could cure anything from a stomachache to a bone spur (I kid you not) with homeopathy — all except people with a medical degree. They, on the contrary, thought the whole thing was hilarious:

“Homeopathic Aconitum napellus is made by putting one drop of extract of highly toxic wolfsbane (matalobos) into a liter of potable alcohol and agitating the bottle vigorously. Then the homeopath takes one drop from that bottle and puts it into another liter of alcohol and shakes that up and so on … Ho, ho, ho, how could it possibly work?”

Homeopaths reply that the vigorous agitation creates in the alcohol a molecular memory of the presence of the wolfsbane and that this grows stronger, not weaker, with every new dilution and shaking. The chochos themselves don’t cure anything, they say, but merely tell the mind what it needs to cure, unlike modern medicines, which aim to physically affect blood, tissues, bones or whatever.

My relatives and friends with medical degrees (including the head of a nationwide chain of pharmacies) typically pooh-pooh homeopathy right up to the day that one of their children gets deathly sick with the worst case of diarrhea known to humanity and — in utter desperation — they resort to the chochos handed to them by a neighbor. After that, a bottle of Montfort 36 (a mix of five homeopathic remedies) quietly appears at the back of their medical cabinet, well hidden from prying eyes.

Just why chochos often work is a question I have thought about for three decades, in the course of which I somehow contracted salmonellosis, which kept coming back year after year with devastating consequences. Each time I went to a “proper western MD,” he or she would prescribe antibiotics, which would apparently rid me of the infirmity; but it would return the following year with a vengeance until I finally said to my IMSS doctor, “Please tell me why this keeps coming back,” and he ordered a study to be carried out.

After a thorough examination, the doctor told me, “The salmonella bacteria are hiding in your spleen where antibiotics can’t get to them. That’s why the salmonellosis keeps coming back. Most of the time those bacteria will cause you no problem, but you’ll be able to see their presence in every sample of your blood, even when you are feeling fine. I don’t know of any way to get rid of them completely, so you are going to face future attacks again and again.”

When “proper medical science” fails I, like so many Mexicans, turn to chochos. So I made an effort to find myself a respected university professor of homeopathy. He said he could solve my problem and put me on a special treatment: two different kinds of chochos to be taken at different times of the day over a period of several months, two weeks on and two weeks off.

“Go get a blood test once a month,” said Dr. Roberto Ibarra. “When your salmonella count goes down to zero, you will know the bacteria are gone for good.”

Now, that’s what I like. A bit of hard lab science to balance the mumbo-jumbo.

To make a long story short, each month the blood samples showed less salmonella bacteria until the number actually reached zero … and I’ve never had another attack of that miserable malady.

I kept wondering why homeopathy sometimes works so well until I came upon a report describing an experiment in “placebo surgery” carried out in 1994 by Doctor J. Bruce Moseley, associate professor of orthopedics at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas.

Ten men with the same painful knee problem were taken into the operating room for surgery and the next day sent home with crutches and a painkiller. Two of those men underwent standard arthroscopic surgery (flushing with a saline solution and scraping of the knee joint), three got only the flushing and five got nothing more than small cuts in their skin. To add realism to the simulated operations on the latter, a tape recording of the real procedure was played while these five patients were under sedation.

To the great surprise of Dr. Moseley, the results inside the knees of all 10 patients were identical. The patients who had not been operated on felt great and were up and walking around just like those who had had the surgery — and their knees are pain-free even today.

This incident led researchers to look upon the placebo with new eyes and considerable curiosity.

It seems to me these people were cured by what is popularly called the immune system but which might be better named the body’s self-healing system. It appears that the simulated operation — with all the drama and trappings of the real thing — gave the following message to the self-healing system: “Attention please! I have a problem in my knee. Fix it!”

I propose that the “molecular memory” of Aconitum in the chocho presents a similar message: “Attention please! I have symptoms similar to those caused by what’s in this chocho. Fix me up!”

This mechanism should be familiar to all of us. If not, it soon will be when you get your Covid-19 vaccination: “Pay attention, body! I want you to cure me of anything resembling the stuff they just injected me with!”

As far as I can see, vaccinations are a great example of the often-repeated homeopathic principle of “Like cures like.” Stimulate the body’s self-healing system, and it might just heal you … without the need to take expensive drugs with a five-mile-long list of appalling side effects. Let’s have more studies of placebos for better health!

The curious case of the kneecap operations, by the way, led to the formation of the Harvard Placebo Study Group in 2001. You can follow some of their fascinating discoveries in the documentary film “Placebo: Cracking the Code.”

The writer has lived near Guadalajara, Jalisco, for 31 years and is the author of “A Guide to West Mexico’s Guachimontones and Surrounding Area” and co-author of “Outdoors in Western Mexico.” More of his writing can be found on his website.

Guardsman averts tragedy, pushes burning vehicle away from gas pumps

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The burning truck is pushed away from the pumps at a gas station in Tlaxcala.
The burning truck is pushed away from the pumps at a gas station in Tlaxcala.

The identity of a National Guardsman who prevented a potentially large explosion at a gas station in Tlaxcala on Wednesday may be unknown, but that hasn’t prevented him from becoming a social media star.

The man, whose action the guard publicized with a video on its Twitter page Thursday but did not name, has received hundreds of congratulations and good wishes from social media users after he used his patrol car to push a burning truck away from the station’s gas pumps.

The guardsman had responded to an emergency call about the truck being in flames. After he pushed it out of the way, other emergency personnel arrived to put the fire out. There were no injuries.

Guard officials praised the officer for “not worrying about the risk and avoiding a major incident.”

“These actions reinforce our conviction to protect the public at all times.”

Social media users responded enthusiastically to the man’s actions, with commenters calling him brave, saying he deserved a medal, and thanking him for his service to Mexico. Some called upon the guard to identify him so he could be publicly recognized.

One user commented, “That is the true call to service, and he ennobles the institution. Congratulations to that [guardsman].”

Sources: El Universal (sp), TV Azteca Noticias (sp)

Despite Covid, new flights from US announced for Cancún, Cozumel

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cozumel airport
Three new routes will link Cozumel with the US.

The Quintana Roo tourism sector will get a much-needed boost amid the coronavirus pandemic with new international flights to Cozumel and Cancún.

The Quintana Roo Tourism Promotion Council (CPTQ) announced three new routes to Cozumel, an island off the coast of Playa del Carmen, and several new flights to Cancún, the state’s premier tourist destination.

American Airlines will soon fly once per week between Philadelphia and Cozumel while Frontier Airlines will commence Saturday flights between Denver and the small Caribbean island tomorrow. Southwest Airlines will begin daily flights between Houston and Cozumel on March 11.

The CPTQ said that Portuguese flag carrier TAP will begin flying three times per week between Lisbon and Cancún on March 27 while Spanish charter airline Evelop will recommence weekly flights from Madrid to the resort city on March 8. The frequency of the the Evelop flights is expected to increase to three per week over the summer.

The Portuguese airline Orbest will also resume weekly services between Lisbon and Cancún at the end of March.

Frontier Airlines began operations Thursday on a new route that will operate four times per week between Orlando and Cancún while the same carrier will commence five times per week services from Miami on March 7. Frontier will also start a weekly service from Cincinnati to Cancún on March 13 while Southwest will begin operations on a daily route between Phoenix and Cancún on March 11.

CPTQ director Darío Flota Ocampo noted that Air France, Switzerland’s Edelweiss Air, British Airways and Germany’s Lufthansa are currently still flying to Quintana Roo despite the pandemic. He also said that Chetumal remains well connected because there are regular flights from the Quintana Roo capital to Mexico City and Guadalajara.

Although the number of international tourists who came to Mexico last year slumped 46% to 24.3 million, the number of United States visitors to Quintana Roo increased in 2020. State authorities blamed a recent increase in coronavirus cases on an influx of domestic and international tourists in December.

Quintana Roo is currently orange light high risk on both the federal and state stoplight maps. Hotels, restaurants, archaeological sites and theme parks are currently operating at 50% capacity but bars and nightclubs are closed.

Source: El Economista (sp) 

18 bags of human remains discovered in Zapopan, Jalisco

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A body was found wrapped in a tarp in Tonalá on Thursday.
A body was found wrapped in a tarp in Tonalá on Thursday.

A human limb led police to more human remains in the Guadalajara metropolitan area this week: nearby were 18 garbage bags containing human remains.

Municipal officers on patrol saw the limb and began a search, finding the bags among the weeds in a ravine in Zapopan. The bodies were taken to state forensic officials for analysis.

It was the fourth find of dumped or buried bodies in the greater Guadalajara area in a month: on January 13, police found 17 bags of human remains on two farms in Tlajomulco and a clandestine grave on a farm in another neighborhood in the same municipality.

The discovery of the remains on Thursday closes out a violent week in the metropolitan area that saw the shooting deaths of 10 people in three separate incidents in San Pedro Tlaquepaque, Zapopan and Guadalajara.

In addition, police on Thursday located a body wrapped in a tarp in the city of Tonalá, also part of the metropolitan area. Social media users speculated that the body was that of the man kidnapped from a Zapopan restaurant on Monday. However, police denied those rumors and said the body had had yet to be identified.

Sources: Animal Político (sp), El Financiero (sp)

Tampon ban surprises many of capital’s 5 million women residents

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plastic bags
Plastic bags were banned first. Now it's tampons.

First it was plastic shopping bags. Then straws and cups. Now the latest victims to fall under Mexico City’s drive against single-use plastics are tampons — and the capital’s women.

Since the beginning of the year, the capital has banned the sale of the menstrual products until their plastic applicators are replaced by more environmentally-friendly materials. The city government said the decision was a key part of the green agenda it has pursued since taking office two years ago. But it has nonetheless taken many of its 5 million female residents by surprise as the sanitary products disappeared from shelves this week.

“This is punishing women,” said Chiara Gómez, a student. “I didn’t know they were going to do this — a lot of people depend on them. And it’s a bit strange that they are starting with tampons when there are other things that use a lot of plastic, like unnecessary packaging.”

Mexico City’s ubiquitous juice stands now urge customers to bring their own containers or buy plastic bottles, but many markets in the capital still use plastic bags or serve food with plastic forks and coffee shops still often put plastic lids on takeaway beverages.

Pharmacies and supermarkets this week displayed sanitary towels and menstrual cups, but no tampons. Applicator-less tampons are not generally available or used: they can be purchased online, via sites such as Mercado Libre and Amazon, but prices as high as US $3.40 per tampon put them out of reach of many in a country where women work more but earn less than men and are more often employed in informal jobs.

Lillian Gigue
Lillian Gigue: ‘We all have to do our bit.’

One pharmacist in the capital laid out the official ruling to explain why tampons had vanished from shelves — “We’re not allowed to display tampons” — before quietly offering to sell some under-the-counter “while stocks last.”

Feminist organizations, which are separately pushing to make sanitary protection free of value added tax, say the government should have taken a more gradual approach before imposing the ban.

“Of course we understand the environmental side of this,” said Anahí Rodríguez, spokeswoman for Menstruación Digna (Dignified Menstruation), an NGO. “It’s the government’s responsibility to take steps to protect the environment. But they should have made sure there were tampons available with applicators that used an alternative to plastic, at an accessible price, before they withdrew them.”

Men also criticized the move. “As if women didn’t have enough problems, now the government has given them another: no tampons,” Carlos Elizondo, a political science professor at Tec de Monterrey university, wrote on Twitter. “In other countries, they have zero VAT. Here, they are banned — and in the middle of a pandemic too.”

Lillian Guigue, director-general for impact regulation and environmental regulation at the city’s environment ministry, insisted the ban had been announced long in advance as part of the green policy agenda of Claudia Sheinbaum, the city’s first woman mayor and a climate change scientist.

Guigue said she had been negotiating with producers but Covid-19 was slowing down their ability to reformulate applicators without using plastic. Until then, “we all have to do our bit . . . if we don’t make an effort with the products we consume, we are destroying not only our future but that of all generations after us,” she told the Financial Times.

For many, especially young women, that means reusable menstrual cups. Michelle Schad, a student, said these were safer and she applauded the move to ban plastic tampon applicators “because they contaminate a lot and do a lot of damage.”

But in a country where the coronavirus pandemic has pushed an estimated 10 million more people into poverty, some cannot afford them and, in any case, 260,000 homes in Mexico City lack running water.

Dignified menstruation “becomes a privilege, not a right, with these measures,” said Rodríguez.

Her NGO has been fighting to have Mexico’s 16% sales tax waived from sanitary protection — a move backed by Olga Sánchez Cordero, Mexico’s interior minister. Legislators refused last year, but the Supreme Court this month agreed to review whether the tax was unconstitutional.

In the meantime, Guigue urged women to “rally behind the cause” for the sake of the planet. “It’s not about stopping having the products we need,” she said. “It’s about making better choices.”

© 2021 The Financial Times Ltd. All rights reserved. Please do not copy and paste FT articles and redistribute by email or post to the web.

Rumanian Mafia: leading bank card skimmer alleged to operate in Mexico

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bancomer atms
Cyber crime specialists developed system to fleece cash from ATMs.

A Romanian criminal group that allegedly runs one of the largest bank card skimming operations in the world collaborated with Mexican hackers, Venezuelan cyber crime experts and a Quintana Roo cartel boss to aid its criminal activities in Mexico.

According to a report by the newspaper Milenio based on Mexican and United States intelligence, a Romanian mafia led by Florian “The Shark” Tudor forged criminal alliances to maintain its operations in Mexico and facilitate its cloning of bank cards, hacking of ATMs and money laundering activities.

In March 2017, the criminal organization stole 150 million pesos (US $7.5 million at today’s exchange rate) in a period of just 24 hours from ATMs in the Riviera Maya of Quintana Roo, Mexico City and México state. More on that later.

Among the Mexican hackers that worked with the Romanian group were members of an organization known as Bandidos Revolution Team, which was dismantled in 2019 when eight people, including the gang’s leader Héctor Ortiz Solares, were arrested in León, Guanajuato.

That hacking group is accused of stealing more than 400 million pesos (US $20 million) from accounts with several financial institutions including Banorte and Inbursa. In addition to arresting the eight bandidos, authorities seized 27 luxury vehicles, motorcycles, more than 20 million pesos in cash, drugs and weapons.

According to a federal security cabinet intelligence report, Tudor also entered into alliances with at least three Venezuelan cyber crime specialists, or hackers. The Venezuelans are accused of developing the method used by the Romanian mafia to fleece cash from ATMs.

An international and Mexican investigation published last June found that the Romanian crime syndicate has been operating in Mexico since 2014, when the gang formed a front company, Top Life Servicios, and persuaded the Mexican bank Multiva to allow them to install their Intacash brand of cash machines.

A separate investigation found that that Bluetooth devices had been placed inside the ATMs to clone the cards and that members of the mafia needed only to walk up to the tampered cash machines with a cell phone to download the stolen data.

That investigation, conducted by United States journalist Bryan Krebs, found compromised bank machines in several Quintana Roo locations including Cancún, Playa del Carmen and Tulum.

Another person who collaborated with the Romanians, according to Mexican and U.S. authorities, was Leticia Rodríguez Lara, a crime boss known as Doña Lety who was arrested in August 2017. Law enforcement sources told Milenio that Doña Lety, who was allegedly the leader of the Pacific Cartel in Cancún, and The Shark had a business relationship and were also personal friends.

Rodríguez, whose criminal group seized control of Cancún and Playa del Carmen from Los Zetas, allowed the Romanians to conduct their illicit activities on the turf where she held sway.

Alleged gang leader Tudor and suspected Quintana Roo cartel boss Doña Lety.
Alleged gang leader Tudor and suspected Quintana Roo cartel boss Doña Lety.

In November 2017, federal authorities seized two safes containing 2,000 fraudulent cards that were allegedly used by the Romanian mafia as well as Rodríguez and her son to illegally withdraw cash from ATMs.

Eight months earlier, in a 24-hour period between March 16 and 17, 2017, the Romanians used cloned cards to steal 150 million pesos from BBVA Bancomer ATMs in Quintana Roo, Mexico City and México state.

Intelligence documents reveal that the criminal group used just 11 cards to complete the audacious heist, which was supported by one of the Venezuelan hackers. Milenio said that the cards were modified in such a way that enabled them to be used for limitless withdrawals. As a result, the Romanian mafia was able to withdraw an average of 6.25 million pesos (US $312,000) an hour or about 104,000 pesos (US $5,200) per minute.

A federal security cabinet document obtained by Milenio indicates that the Romanian mafia also stole similarly large amounts from Citibanamex, Wells Fargo, Chase, Bank of America and TD Bank ATMs. It is unclear where those heists occurred.

Security cabinet documents also allege that a network of politicians from several parties as well as officials at the Quintana Roo Attorney General’s Office have protected and collaborated with the Romanians. An investigation by journalist Héctor de Mauleón found that the Romanians have also been protected by police and judges in Cancún.

One of the alleged co-conspirators is Remberto Estrada, a former mayor of Benito Juárez, the Quintana Roo municipality that includes Cancún.

He told Milenio that he has never had any dealings with members of the Romanian crime organization, which is believed to be responsible for about 10% of all card skimming activity worldwide.

“I don’t know them, I’ve never met any person of that nationality in my entire life,” Estrada said. The ex-mayor, in office between 2016 and 2018, added that he knew nothing of the Romanians’ card cloning activities and ATM thefts until he read about them in the media.

The Romanians engaged in money laundering to “clean” their ill-gotten cash, according to United States and Mexican investigations. The FBI asked the Mexican government’s Financial Intelligence Unit (UIF) to investigate the group’s money laundering activities and 79 bank accounts were blocked as a result.

Tudor – who has repeatedly denied that he engages in criminal activity, claiming he is only a businessman – and most of his alleged accomplices remain at large. However, about 100 Romanian citizens were detained for four days at Cancún International Airport last week before the majority were allowed to enter the country. Milenio suggested that the Romanians were detained as a result of travel alerts that may have been related to cyber fraud and bank card cloning but Mexican authorities didn’t confirm that information.

According to the UIF, the Romanian criminal syndicate has now expanded to other tourists destinations in Mexico, including the Riviera Nayarit, Los Cabos and Puerto Vallarta.

Source: Milenio (sp), Infobae (sp) 

Communities protest after CFE cuts power for unpaid bills

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Protesters in Santo Domingo Zanatepec on Tuesday.
Protesters in Santo Domingo Zanatepec on Tuesday.

Residents of two communities in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec region of Oaxaca detained two employees of the Federal Electricity Commission (CFE) on Tuesday to protest against the state-owned company’s decision to cut their power.

Accompanied by members of the National Guard, CFE personnel cut electricity supply in Cerro Grande and Reforma Agraria Integral, located in the municipality of San Francisco Ixhuatán, early Monday morning because both communities have unpaid electricity bills.

San Francisco Ixhuatán Mayor Florencio de la Cruz acknowledged that the two communities owe the CFE 210,000 pesos (US $10,500) and 20,000 pesos (US $1,000) respectively, but denounced the manner in which company workers acted.

“They came in like thieves in the night and by cutting off the power they cut the drinking water service as well. There was no prior notification,” he said.

Annoyed at having their power cut, about 50 residents from both communities traveled to CFE offices in the town of Santo Domingo Zanatepec on Tuesday to complain, and detained two employees for eight hours in the process.

Another group of people protested the same day at CFE offices in the Isthmus municipality of Matías Romero. Their protest was against what they described as excessively high electricity rates.

In light of the power cuts, about a dozen social organizations from Isthmus communities in Oaxaca, Veracruz and Chiapas declared they are on alert to prevent further disconnections. Some residents refuse to pay their electricity bills and insist that access to power and water are human rights that must be respected by the government, the newspaper El Universal said.

The social organizations issued a joint statement that called for an end to what they called an attack on their human rights.

“We publicly denounce the campaign of repression that the Federal Electricity Commission, with the participation of the National Guard, has unleashed against hundreds of Isthmus families who are fighting against the abuses and poor service of aforesaid company,” it said.

CFE representatives are due to meet with residents and officials in San Francisco Ixhuatán on Friday and locals, according to the mayor, will ask to be given a “clean slate” with regard to their debt, as has occurred for more than 600,000 customers in Tabasco.

Source: El Universal (sp) 

Born during the isolation of lockdown, Mexico City store unites women

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Its founders see Mexico City’s Mujeres Incendiarias not just as a store but also as a place where women can collaborate and learn from each other.
Its founders see Mexico City’s Mujeres Incendiarias not just as a store but also as a place where women can collaborate and learn from each other.

“I believe that the one thing that has helped me during the most painful and difficult moments of my life as a woman has been other women,” says Regina Gómez Iturribarria, founder of Mujeres Incendiarias (Incendiary Women). “So, with this project, what could be better than being surrounded by talented women?”

The Mujeres Incendiarias home base — simultaneously a shop, a collaborative space, and a lecture center — sits on a normally bustling residential street in Mexico City’s Juárez neighborhood. It’s currently shuttered because of the city’s Covid-19 lockdown. On a recent Thursday afternoon, however, Gómez and her partner Irene Pedrós Bretos are organizing inventory and gearing up to open as soon as restrictions are lifted.

Birthed from the pandemic, Mujeres Incendiarias was originally one woman’s anonymous siren song to the world during lockdown. Gómez started sharing personal texts about femininity and womanhood on the Mujeres Incendiarias Instagram page that she started at the beginning of 2020, as well as working with female illustrators to give her writings some visual context.

The project started to expand beyond Gómez’s musings when she hosted her first workshop on feminist theory for some friends interested in the topic. Pedrós participated virtually from across the ocean in Spain and reached out to her friend afterward, insisting that she should start a space for workshops and other women-led events in Mexico City. Gómez had plans to come back to Mexico for work and wanted to be involved.

“If it hadn’t been for the pandemic, it’s totally possible that both of us would be somewhere else,” Gómez says. “Irene might be working in a bank. I would be working on my master’s research. Our lives would be totally different. We had the great privilege to have time to think, to say, ‘OK, it would be really beautiful to give literally all my energy to this project.'”

All items for sale at the store were made by women.
All items for sale at the store were made by women.

The pandemic did hit hard, but the project’s momentum was already unstoppable. Gómez and Pedrós wanted to create a real physical space where women could gather and then imagined filling it with books by female authors and art by female artists. That list expanded to include the 80-plus women-owned brands displayed in the store now.

The simple wood and iron shelves of Mujeres Incendiarias contain one-of-a-kind illustrations, craft beer, handmade ceramic vaginas, women’s clothing, jewelry, curio boxes, journals and beer steins shaped like the naked top half of a woman. The cozy lecture space at the back of the store is currently home to an art exposition from Casa Equis, an art gallery that went mobile when the pandemic forced them to close their permanent space. This roving art exhibit is all the work of female artists.

“It’s really difficult to maintain a space, pay the rent, deal with all that implies — taxes, a thousand things. They are things that all our lives we were told were not for women, that we shouldn’t try to do as women,” Gómez says. “It’s a challenge, even more so in a pandemic, but it has meant so much to me that there are so many of us involved.”

Mujeres Incendiarias’ workshops and lectures have gone online during lockdown, bringing women together virtually for topics as wide-ranging as traditional herbal medicine, tattooing, an academic analysis of romantic love. Their shop is also online these days, with the women of the various brands represented at the space helping with the heavy lifting of publicizing the website and the project.

“We have done surprisingly well. Our store is open for pickups and by appointment, and the workshops online have drawn tons of participants,” Gómez says.

In a country known for its violence against women, a safe space for women to be together, to share their experiences and learn from one another is fundamental, she says.

Collage art piece on display in the store.
Collage art piece on display in the store.

“When you find a safe place, where you can share the things that have happened to you, the things that hurt you, what makes you vulnerable, where you can empty yourself out and tell your story and talk with other women, it’s just really beautiful … to feel accompanied,” she says.

Gómez and Pedrós have also been able to support their sister artists and artisans in another concrete way — by teaching them the ins and outs of business through their own trial and error.

“As women —the idea of starting a something, a business — they never teach us that we can do that too. It’s been a huge challenge for Irene and me: we had to register with the SAT [Mexico’s income tax agency] and provide receipts. Honestly, one day we just cried because it was like ‘I have no idea,’ and no one had ever actually explained this to us. I was frustrated and afraid to pay taxes, thinking that they were going to take all my money,” Gómez says.

But now the two laugh at how a Spanish immigrant is teaching Mexicans how the tax system works in Mexico, and in their attempts to support the development of other women in business they’re also encouraging the women they work with to price their products appropriately and fight for their brands.

“I tell them, ‘It’s your work, it’s your idea, it’s the time it took you to do it! Don’t put it at 50 pesos!’” Gómez says.

In a year when so many of us have felt cut off from each other, a beautiful community has blossomed among the women of the Mujeres Incendiarias that was unexpected even by its founders. As the world gets back to some semblance of normal, Regina, Irene and the women they work with all have high hopes of how this project will evolve post-pandemic.

Lydia Carey is a regular contributor to Mexico News Daily.

Elon Musk’s SpaceX invites pre-registration for satellite internet service

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Part of Starlink's chain of 1,000 satellites.
Part of Starlink's chain of 1,000 satellites.

Business magnate Elon Musk’s venture to provide the world with satellite internet service is expanding into Mexico.

Starlink, operated by Musk’s SpaceX, says it is planning to offer high-speed broadband in parts of the country by the middle of 2021.

The company has ambitious plans to continue expanding to “near-global coverage of the populated world in 2021.” Service is currently available in parts of the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom.

When complete, Starlink’s network will be connected by 42,000 SpaceX satellites in low-Earth orbit, although as of late January it had just surpassed the 1,000-satellite mark. SpaceX continues to launch more satellites regularly. The next 120 Starlink satellites will leave Cape Canaveral, Florida, on February 13 and 16.

Getting service in Mexico depends on where you live. The company is currently taking orders on a first-come, first-serve basis with payment of a US $99 refundable deposit. Service will also require the purchase of a Starlink hardware kit, which will cost $499 plus shipping. The service will cost $99 monthly.

The company is promising a 50–150 Mbps data transfer rate with a latency of 20–40 milliseconds. The website warns that initially there will be brief periods of no connectivity at all. However, it said latency and uptime will improve as the company continues to launch more satellites, install ground stations and improve software.

The meat of Starlink’s big promises comes from the fact that its satellites are 60 times closer to Earth than ones used by competitors. Due to the satellites’ greater proximity to Earth, latency — the time it takes a signal to travel from your device to the server, or vice versa — will be much lower (i.e. a shorter amount of time). SpaceX promises it will provide speeds able to accommodate bandwidth-heavy computing activities such as gaming and video conferencing.

Besides Musk’s personal wealth, SpaceX will be able to draw upon funding from the U.S. Federal Communications Commission to expand Starlink’s network in the United States, which could help the company have more funds available for infrastructure in places like Mexico.

On December 7, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission granted SpaceX $885.51 million in broadband subsidies over 10 years via the $9.2-billion Rural Digital Opportunity Fund in exchange for providing broadband service to over 640,000 rural homes and businesses in 35 states. However, the award process has come under fire from competitors, as well as from FCC acting chairwoman Jessica Rosenworcel.

In a post on his personal Twitter account this week, Musk said that SpaceX needs to pass through a deep chasm of negative cash flow over the next year or so to make Starlink financially viable.

“Every new satellite constellation in history has gone bankrupt,” he said. “We hope to be the first that does not.”

Sources: Infobae (sp)

Journalists defend a valuable tool that government wants to dismantle

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inai

Six journalists have spoken out against the federal government’s plan to dismantle the national transparency watchdog, warning it would make accessing public information more difficult and pose a threat to their profession.

President López Obrador said in January that his government intends to incorporate autonomous organizations such as the National Institute for Transparency and Access to Information (INAI) into federal ministries and departments.

The plan was widely denounced as an attempt by López Obrador to concentrate power further in the executive but the president countered that INAI is not needed because the federal government maintains “permanent communication” with citizens and guarantees the right to information.

Six investigative journalists who spoke with the newspaper El Economista take a very different view.

Nayeli Roldán, one of three journalists who wrote an exposé detailing a government embezzlement scheme that operated during the 2012-2018 administration led by former president Enrique Peña Nieto, said that a “complete institutional framework to guarantee access to information as a right” was built over the preceding decades but is now at risk.

After explaining that the so-called “Master Fraud” exposé – which led to an investigation that resulted in the arrest of former cabinet minister Rosario Robles – depended heavily on responses to freedom of information requests, Roldán said that instead of disbanding it, the government should give INAI “more teeth” and “more powers.”

The transparency watchdog needs to be strengthened, not eliminated, she said.

“It’s a tool that works, if not to eliminate corruption, to discover it and … demand accountability of politicians, which benefits society.”

Zorayda Gallegos, a former winner of the National Journalism Prize, said getting rid of INAI would be a “silly thing to do” and a backward step for journalism and society in general. “Hopefully the president will reconsider his proposal,” she said.

Daniel Lizárraga, a veteran journalist who lobbied for the creation of INAI, said López Obrador’s plan to dismantle it “lacks vision” and demonstrates that he doesn’t understand what accountability means.

The journalist, co-author of a book on the so-called white house scandal in which Peña Nieto’s former wife purchased a mansion built by a favored government contractor, said that if INAI is eliminated few people will have the means to file a legal challenge to fight for access to information the government doesn’t want to release.

Nayeli Roldán
Nayeli Roldán co-authored an expose of an embezzlement scheme using information obtained through the transparency watchdog.

“How many normal people can pay for an injunction? It costs a lot of money,” Lizárraga said.

Raúl Olmos, author of a book about Brazilian company Odebrecht’s history of corruption in Mexico, said the disappearance of INAI will hamper access to government information and could leave people with no other option than to take legal action in an attempt to obtain the information they want.

“That worries me because I have personally resorted to litigation … when I’ve been denied information and it’s been a torturous process that has taken months and months,” he said.

Under López Obrador’s plan, the government itself – not an autonomous body – would decide whether information should be made public, Olmosa said, claiming that would create a “tricky” situation.

Rivelino Rueda, who won an INAI journalism award last December, said elimination of the transparency watchdog would “completely close the right to access information” as protected by the constitution, adding that both journalists and citizens in general would be adversely affected.

Like Roldán, Rueda said that INAI should be given “more teeth,” asserting that it should have the power to sanction government officials who refuse to hand over information. Government departments will continue hiding information if that doesn’t occur, he said.

Blanche Petrich, a veteran journalist with ample experience reporting from abroad, said that if INAI is absorbed into the Ministry of Public Administration (SFP), as López Obrador said could happen, information will become very difficult to access.

The SFP, which is leading the federal government’s fight against corruption, won’t have much interest in listening to members of civil society and the press, she opined.

Petrich said that secrecy often characterizes government departments, adding “in a democracy it’s very important that the press and society have the resources to break down those barriers of secrecy.”

Source: El Economista (sp)