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Protection program for journalists, rights defenders unsustainable: UN

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'Press, don't shoot,' reads the banner held by journalists during a protest calling for justice.

A government program to protect journalists and human rights defenders is plagued by underfunding, bad management and a lack of coordination, according to a report by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner on Human Rights (OHCHR).

The report found that the Protection Mechanism for Human Rights Defenders and Journalists, which was created in 2012, has a budget of 207.6 million pesos (US $10.5 million) for 2019, enough to cover only 64% of the projected costs for the year, and less than it received in 2018 and 2017.

The scheme was providing protection to 903 people by April 30 of this year, a number that is expected to rise to 1,131 by the end of the year, with a projected cost of 325 million pesos. Of those receiving protection, 582 are human rights defenders, while the remaining 321 are journalists.

On April 4, the Interior Secretariat requested an additional 150 million pesos for the program, but there has been no word on the outcome.

The OHCHR report predicts that there will be approximately 3,400 people needing protection by 2024, and warned that as the number of beneficiaries grows, the program will become inefficient and unsustainable.

“To guarantee a more effective functioning of the Mechanism, the Mexican state should make sure that it receives the necessary human, economic and material resources so that its functionaries can fulfill their mandate of protection,” said the report.

With 36 employees, the program is also understaffed, according to the report. The employees responsible for reevaluations have an average case load of 155 beneficiaries and as of April 24, the program was three months behind on reevaluations and evaluations.

In its recommendations to the government, the OHCHR joined the Inter-American Human Rights Commission in calling for the transparency and functioning of the program to be improved.

Source: El Economista (sp)

6 Federal Police arrested for murder in connection with 2015 massacre

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Police on patrol at the Apatzingán municipal palace in 2015.
Police on patrol at the Apatzingán municipal palace in 2015.

Six Federal Police officers have been arrested for murder in connection with a 2015 massacre at Apatzingán, Michoacán.

The clash between citizens who had taken over the Apatzingán municipal headquarters and the Mexican military and Federal Police on January 6 left 16 people dead and many more wounded.

After the killings there were conflicting reports about the occupation of the municipal offices including a claim that the occupants were members of the Viagras crime gang.

But the subsequent investigation found those inside the building were actually unarmed civilians.

A human rights commission report later the same year found that Federal Police used excessive force, resulting in the deaths of five people and the extrajudicial execution of another.

The federal Attorney General’s Office (FGR) said yesterday the Federal Police force gave full cooperation and facilitated the arrests.

“The six people were detained with complete respect for their human rights, without violence or impact on third parties, in order to be brought before the judge,” said the Attorney General’s Office.

Some officers denounced the arrests of their colleagues, claiming they were deceived, having been summoned to Federal Police facilities without being given a reason.

The six suspects are among dissident police who have protested against their transfer to the National Guard.

Source: Milenio (sp)

Highway checkpoint nets 24,000 turtle eggs in Oaxaca

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Bags of turtle eggs seized on the coastal highway in Oaxaca.

Environmental officers and state police have seized 24,000 olive ridley turtle eggs at a checkpoint on Highway 200 near Salina Cruz, Oaxaca.

The seizure occurred during the second arrival of turtles for the 2019-2020 nesting season on the beach at Morro Ayuta, one of the most important nesting sites in the world for the olive ridley marine turtle.

The federal environmental protection agency, Profepa, said 48 black plastic bags containing 24,000 fresh eggs were found during the search of a vehicle.

Officers also seized the vehicle and arrested its driver, suspected to be one the chief traffickers in turtle eggs in the region.

“This seizure is one of the largest we have carried out,” Profepa said. “What’s more, the person [apprehended] is apparently a repeat offender and presumably one of the largest gatherers and distributors of turtle eggs in the region.”

The maximum penalty for trafficking in turtle eggs is nine years in prison and a fine of up to 300,000 pesos (US $15,000).

Although the law protecting turtles is enforced along the Pacific coast of Oaxaca and in most of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec region, officials turn a blind eye to turtle egg commerce in Juchitán, where the eggs are openly sold in street markets.

Although this year’s seizure was large, it was not the largest this year. Officials seized 47,000 turtle eggs near Mazunte, Oaxaca, earlier this month.

Source: Reforma (sp)

As farmers stop growing poppies, time for dialogue with gangs: bishop

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Rangel: an opportunity to talk peace.

A Catholic bishop in Guerrero is encouraging the government to open dialogue with organized crime groups as part of a strategy to reduce violence.

Salvador Rangel, the bishop of the Chilpancingo-Chilapa Diocese in Guerrero, told Grupo Fórmula that a decline in opium poppy production in Guerrero is an opportunity to work toward peace.

“Now, people aren’t planting poppies, and we should take advantage of the moment to bring peace . . .” he said. “[The farmers] are leaving to go to the big cities or to the United States, and a lot of the leaders of community police don’t have work anymore.”

Declining prices for illicit opium because of competition from synthetic drugs like fentanyl has pushed many Guerrero farmers to stop planting opium poppies over the past few years. According to Rangel, the price of a kilo of opium has fallen from a peak of 40,000 pesos (US $2,000) two years ago to as low as 3,500 pesos.

However, the decline of the illegal drug economy has not been accompanied by falling rates of violence, as drug trafficking groups turn to other crimes like extortion to make up for lost profits.

Earlier this week, Interior Secretary Olga Sánchez Cordero announced that the government will begin negotiations with “armed groups” in several parts of the country, but later clarified that she was referring to self-defense groups, not organized crime.

However, Bishop Rangel said that while he supports dialogue with self-defense groups, the government should also start conversations with “other armed groups,” a theme he has expressed many times in the past.

“I’ve always said that we need to have dialogue, dialogue is a great tool to understand others, because if we each stay in our corners and do not cede, peace will slip out of our hands,” he said. “The government needs to open itself up to listen, listening is a great thing. And not just with community groups, but with others too.”

Rangel mentioned that he had met with Santiago “El Carrete” Mazari Hernández, the leader of Los Rojos, one of the most powerful gangs in Guerrero and Morelos, before he was arrested earlier this month.

Source: Milenio (sp), El Universal (sp)

States warn feds they’re negotiating with criminal gangs, not self-defense forces

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Mireles, left, and Peralta lay first stone of new agro-industrial plant.

The governors of three states have warned the federal government that it is negotiating with criminal gangs and not self-defense groups as the López Obrador administration claims.

Interior Secretary Olga Sánchez Cordero said Tuesday that her department is in talks with armed groups “and they have told us that they do not want to continue” to engage in violence.

She said that Interior Secretariat (Segob) officials have met with groups in Guerrero, Tamaulipas and La Huacana, Michoacán, “that have been fighting each other but have now expressed their intention to disarm” and contribute to the pacification of Mexico.

The Interior Secretariat quickly clarified that Sánchez was speaking about “authentic self-defense organizations” rather than criminal groups.

“The federal government does not have nor will have dialogue with any organized crime group,” Segob said on Twitter.

President López Obrador also denied that his government is engaged in dialogue with criminal organizations.

However, Governor Silvano Aureoles of Michoacán was skeptical, charging that “there are no self-defense groups” in the state “but rather criminals who call themselves self-defense.”

He added that it is “a mistake” for the federal government to seek agreements with such groups.

Guerrero Governor Héctor Astudillo said the federal government needs to reveal exactly who it has negotiated with because there are groups in the state that “disguise themselves” as self-defense” but are in fact allied with organized crime.

Francisco García Cabeza de Vaca of Tamaulipas asserted that there are no self-defense groups at all in the northern border state – only armed criminal groups that are trying to take control of certain regions.

If the government is making agreements with “armed groups or whatever they want to call them,” it must be completely transparent and [they must] announce what deals have been made, he said.

A Tamaulipas self-defense force called Columna Armada Pedro José Méndez is suspected to have morphed into another crime gang.

Aureoles also criticized the visit yesterday by Segob undersecretary Ricardo Peralta to the Tierra Caliente municipality of La Huacana, where he laid the symbolic first stone for a new agro-industrial park.

With that act, the undersecretary has “empowered” criminals and “given resources” to them, the Michoacán governor charged, recalling that in May so-called self-defense force members detained and disarmed soldiers deployed to La Huacana.

Military intelligence reports indicated that members of the Jalisco New Generation Cartel had in fact led the disarmament and detainment of the soldiers.

“It concerns me that we’re going around rewarding criminals,” Aureoles said.

“. . . In general, the self-defenses forces have a high criminal content. It pains me that those who insulted, abused and humiliated the soldiers of Mexico, one of our most beloved institutions – the Mexican army – are being rewarded . . .” he said.

Peralta, who was accompanied during his visit to La Huacana by former self-defense force leader José Manuel Mireles, denied that the project was part of a pact with criminal groups.

“We don’t make deals with anyone from organized crime . . . people who are committing crimes, the only meeting they’re going to have is with justice,” he said.

He also denied that the government was negotiating with criminals.

“. . . It was suggested that what we were doing was meeting with organized crime groups. Here, in this place, I don’t see anyone other than hard-working people, people’s representatives, representatives of the state government, mayors . . .” he said.

Peralta rejected the claim that public resources would benefit criminals, pointing out that the government is not even investing in the construction of the agro-industrial plant.

He did, however, assert that the project will help to change the course of a region that has been plagued by violence.

“This is not the first stone for the agro-industrial plant in La Huacana, this is the first stone to change the history of the stigmatized towns and regions of our country because stigmatizing a region is re-victimizing it for what it already suffered in the past,” Peralta said.

Meanwhile, Mireles said that the “brave men and women of the Tierra Caliente” region are hard-working people, not “violent people.”

“. . . When we’re given the opportunity, we’re going to work for the development of our people,” he said.

Source: Milenio (sp), El Universal (sp) 

New blow for airport: judge suspends project on environmental grounds

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The army is ready to start building the new airport, but another judge's ruling has delayed it further.
The army is ready to start building the new airport, but another judge's ruling has delayed it further.

A judge today overruled the environmental approval for the Santa Lucía airport that was granted by the federal Environment Secretariat (Semarnat) in July.

The México state district judge issued a suspension order against Semarnat’s authorization, a ruling that is yet another blow to the government’s plan to build a new airport on the site of the Santa Lucía Air Force Base,  located almost 50 kilometers north of central Mexico City.

Today’s decision came in response to an injunction request filed by the #NoMásDerroches (No More Waste) Collective, a group made up of civil society organizations, law firms and more than 100 citizens.

The group has filed more than 80 injunction requests against the airport project and has already been granted several.

The collective said in a statement that the latest ruling was handed down because Semarnat itself recognized that the project will cause damage to ecosystems located in the vicinity of the site.

The group said the judge noted that Semarnat’s environmental impact authorization recognized that in order to build the airport, vegetation would have to be removed and flora and fauna would have to be relocated.

The judge’s ruling also took into account Semarnat’s acknowledgment that construction of the airport would affect water drainage and capture capacities, increase air pollution and cause damage to communities in the area that would be difficult to repair, #NoMásDerroches said.

“With this new injunctive relief . . . the commencement of construction of the Santa Lucía airport will have to wait until a definitive ruling is issued . . . [Today’s ruling] prohibits the execution of the environmental impact authorization until the judge analyzes whether it complies with environmental principles and guarantees the right to a healthy environment . . .” the collective said.

The decision follows a ruling by a federal judge last week that the abandoned airport project at Texcoco must be left intact. Plans to restore a drained lake at the site and thus leave the foundations of the X-shaped terminal building and a section of runway underwater were revealed in June.

The Secretariat of National Defense (Sedena), which is building the Santa Lucía project, said last month that the airport will open in January 2022, six months later than originally anticipated.

However, according to the master plan, its construction will take 30 months, meaning that even if the project were to start this month, it would not be completed until February 2022.

Communications and Transportation Secretary Javier Jiménez Espriú said yesterday that he had “no idea” how long the project might be delayed, explaining that the government is “waiting for the judicial resolution of the injunctions.”

The Santa Lucía airport is part of a three-pronged plan to meet growing demand for airline services in the greater Mexico City area. The government also plans to upgrade the Mexico City and Toluca airports. A third terminal is planned for the former.

The estimated cost of the Santa Lucía airport has increased twice even before construction has begun.

Building the airport and a highway connecting Mexico City, as well as relocating military facilities on the air force base site, will cost 91.97 billion pesos (US $4.7 billion), Sedena said.

Source: El Financiero (sp) 

Fossil discovery reveals paleontological wealth of southern Jalisco

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Archaeologists in Zapotiltic, Jalisco.

A recent discovery of prehistoric animal bones that are believed to be at least 13,000 years old has revealed the paleontological wealth of southern Jalisco.

Community museum worker and amateur paleontologist Antonio Vargas Moreno was walking on a hill in the town of San José de la Tinaja last month when he found what later would be identified as part of the skull of a mammoth.

The cranium was exposed after heavy rain caused erosion on the hillside.

Vargas advised the Paleontology Museum in Guadalajara and the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH) about his find, and experts from both subsequently traveled to San José, a community of some 400 residents in the municipality of Zapotiltic.

INAH Jalisco archaeologist Eduardo Ladrón de Guevara told the news agency EFE that further investigation of the hill revealed the presence of more mammoth bones as well as those of a prehistoric horse and a glyptodon, an ancestor of the armadillo.

Fossilized remains in San José de la Tinaja.
Fossilized remains in San José de la Tinaja.

The animals inhabited southern Jalisco up until about 13,000 years ago and were attracted to the area where the bones were found due to the presence of lakes and lagoons.

Archaeologists extracted the mammoth skull and, along with the other bones, it was transferred to the Paleontology Museum.

“Jalisco is rich in [animal] remains,” Ladrón said, adding that people who find fossilized bones often keep them in their own homes.

He explained that’s not a crime because under Mexican law, anyone can be a custodian of archaeological heritage.

However, Ladrón said that the option is “not advisable” because ancient bones can deteriorate without adequate conservation measures.

The remains transferred to Guadalajara will be subjected to a restoration process after which they will be ready to put on public display, said Paleontology Museum official Ricardo Alonso.

Archaeologist at work.
Archaeologist at work.

“We do a mechanical cleaning then a strengthening [process] to harden the remains,” he said, adding that broken bones are put back together “piece by piece” until they are ready for exhibition.

Alonso said that restoring all the recently-discovered bones could take as long as a year, a process that Ladrón said “allows us to reconstruct part of the history of the state and country.”

Source: EFE (sp) 

Zacatecas hopes for 2,000 people to set new mezcal tasting record

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Zacatecas mezcal will be tasted on Thursday.

Zacatecas will attempt to win the Guinness World Record for the largest mezcal tasting on Thursday.

The event will be held in the city of Zacatecas’ Plaza de Armas, where more than 2,000 people are expected to show up to sample the state’s mezcals.

Rural Affairs Secretary Adolfo Bonilla Gómez confirmed that Guinness representatives will attend the event to witness the achievement of the record.

Bonilla explained that the tasting is part of the Zacatecas 2019 Food Show, which hopes to introduce 21 Zacatecan food products to national and international markets.

He hopes the event will “open a new window to the world” for locally produced mezcal.

Mezcal produced in Zacatecas shares denomination of origin status with the states of Guanajuato, Tamaulipas, Oaxaca, Guerrero, Durango, San Luis Potosí, Michoacán and Puebla.

It is also protected by the Regulatory Council of Mezcal, an entity that reviews standards related to production, bottling, labeling and commercialization of the beverage.

The Zacatecan mezcal industry is comprised of approximately 1,000 agave producers and 22 mezcal distilleries, which together produce 60 distinct brands.

Zacatecas is home to five species of agave used to distill mezcal: Cenizo, Salmiana, Tequilana Weber, Maparrillo, and Guadalajara.

The state was the country’s eighth largest producer of agave in 2018, with 100,221 hectares of farmland dedicated to cultivating the succulent. Those fields yielded 21,731 tons of agave that year.

There are two main agave producing regions — Cañones de Tlaltenango y Juchipila, located in the south of the state, and the Pinos region, a semi-desert area in the southeast.

Bonilla emphasized the food show’s focus on creating direct commercial deals between producer and buyer in hopes of cutting out the middleman.

In order to make the state’s agricultural sector more organized and competitive, the event will host Italy as its guest country. Sinaloa was invited to be the event’s guest state.

Source: El Universal (sp)

Decision not to prosecute Mexico City rape protesters shows progress

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Women march against gender violence in Mexico City.

Some people are natural rebels — revolutionaries, even — but not me. I’m a natural rule-follower, a lover of order. I like established parameters I can respect and expect others to do the same.

Spontaneity, frankly, makes me anxious. Even concerts and parades overwhelmed me for fear the sheer mass of people could lead to chaos. If there’s not a plan for all possibilities that could result from a given course of action, count me out.

Growing up in any kind of family other than the liberal, activist one in which I did, I could have easily turned out to be a Mike Pence conservative. I often feel my personality doesn’t match the mostly anti-establishment views with which my ideology lines up.

I want change, but I am allergic to and terrified of — if we’re being honest — conflict. For example, I crave the structure of good government, but want only the parts that don’t tear common people down. Meanwhile, I’m probably hiding in the back room sending encouraging dispatches to the real fighters.

What I really want, I suppose, is for the world to be Denmark or one of those other northern European countries where everything just seems to work and solutions to societal problems are logically and matter-of-factly found and implemented.

I’ve been reading with interest about the recent women’s protest in Mexico City in response to the alleged rape of a teenage girl by police officers. The group went to the Attorney General’s Office to demand that the accusations be taken seriously.

The event garnered a lot of attention — windows were shattered, furniture was destroyed, angry words were shouted and glitter was thrown. The predictable cries of “That’s not the way you should protest; your hooligan strategies are self-defeating!” and counter-cries of “Your privilege and wrongly-placed priorities are showing, you hypocrites, and it’s not a good look!” have been echoing around the internet since then.

I’ve read accounts of what happened and seen the pictures and videos. The rule-loving, people-pleasing part of me — what I consider the less-evolved part of my brain — winces at the specter of chaos and raw emotion. But my higher self — the part of me able to think deeply about the intricacies of what justice really means — thinks: “Well, really, what things don’t women have to be angry about?”

When it comes to fighting for fairness, women often can’t win. The social expectations that designate us “the fairer sex” aren’t much use when it comes to fighting for our rights. For many, there’s nothing more contemptible than women acting as if they have just as much right to demand respect as men do.

This was one good reason among a multitude to protest, and I’m glad they did. The more attention crimes — particularly those aimed at women — receive, the more likely they will be taken seriously by both the justice system and by society at large. We’re not likely to eradicate the patriarchy, sexism, sexual abuse and violence in our lifetimes, but it’s certainly worth trying.

I know plenty of people will keep going back to the “but-that’s-not-the-way-to-protest” argument and, as someone who instinctively falls in line, I can sympathize. But that said, how much attention might have they received if it had been a simple march? Does the old adage, “any press is good press,” apply here?

As a woman, I often feel frustrated about how little violence against half the population is taken seriously by the public at large and, specifically, by the powers that be.

An alleged rape by police is the tip of the iceberg in Mexico. Other major problems include the all-too-common murders of women by current or former partners and the “disappearances” of women into the modern-day slave trade, shallow graves, or both. Then there are more “minor” problems such as job and wage discrimination, forced sterilizations, and run-of-the-mill sexual harassment that millions of women suffer every day.

These things can really grate on a girl’s nerves, you know?

All that said, I think the authorities responded fairly well to this situation under the circumstances. Any specialist in conflict resolution will tell you that if you really want a successful outcome through dialogue, both parties must remain calm and avoid accusations, criticisms and blaming.

While this is not an example of two organizations with equal power, I think the fact that the Mexican authorities and Police Chief Jesús Orta Martínez at least tried to talk to protesters demonstrated goodwill.

While his “running away from glitter” made excellent fodder for memes, it’s hard to imagine anyone trying seriously to discuss something when there’s so much passion and anger on the other side. The No. 1 rule of conflict resolution is that when people lose their cool, a break must be taken before resuming.

As of this writing, Mayor Claudia Sheinbaum has officially apologized for the government’s perceived exaggerated response to the protest and reiterated her commitment to the safety of women in Mexico, which is exactly what she should have done. The Attorney General’s Office will not be pressing charges against those who committed acts of vandalism, which is also exactly the right move.

They listened to concerned citizens, put their egos on the back-burner, and gave priority to people’s concerns about grave human rights violations over a few broken windows and fistfuls of glitter, which is what the authorities must do.

Bravo to the brave women who marched to shine light when it needed to be shone. Bravo to the authorities for — eventually — getting the response right. I think we’re finally getting somewhere, y’all.

Sarah DeVries writes from her home in Xalapa, Veracruz.

Starting in October, Bimbo bread bags will be compostable

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In October the bag can go in the compost.

The Mexican multinational baking company Grupo Bimbo will begin using a completely compostable bag for its bread in October.

The bags can be mixed in with organic waste, and will decompose over a period of 180 days, the company says.

The new bags put Bimbo at the vanguard of innovation in terms of reducing its environmental impact, general manager Daniel Servitje said during a forum on innovation in waste management.

“This is the first step that our company is taking at a global level in the area of compostable bags, through innovations led by our technical teams,” he said.

Servitje said that Mexico will be a pioneer in the development and use of compostable bags.

“Currently, 100% of our products could have completely biodegradable bags, which means that they can be integrated back into the environment without leaving residue,” he said. “That covers all of our product categories, including bread, sweetbread, pastries, cookies, snacks and candies.”

He added that Bimbo was the first Mexican company to use biodegradable plastic bags, which it began doing in 2008.

“I am convinced, personally and professionally, that we can create a Mexico and a world without plastic pollution,” he said.

Mexico City Mayor Claudia Sheinbaum, who also spoke at the forum, said Bimbo will be an important ally for the city government in its efforts to improve waste recycling.

“They are showing their commitment with this investment, not only to technological development but also to reducing the environmental impact of waste, in our city and around the world,” she said.

Source: El Universal (sp)